Devices for cleaning sunflower seeds. How to make a harvester for peeling sunflower seeds. How sunflower seeds are cleaned on an industrial scale

In Eastern medicine, it is believed that on the pads of these fingers there are active points that affect the work gastrointestinal tract, therefore, when eating seeds, the metabolic process is activated, which has a beneficial effect on the entire body. It’s difficult to say whether this is true, but at least it’s simply convenient to take seeds with your thumb and forefinger. The seed is placed on the tip of the tongue, which moves it to the molars and places it vertically on the rib. With a little effort, the seed can be easily cracked with the teeth. As a result, the cleaned grain and husk remain in the mouth. The husk is spat out with the tongue, and the seed remains in the mouth.

But how are seeds cleaned in production? Many people think that they are hiring 1000 Chinese, and the process has begun! However, everything is much simpler))

On an industrial scale, in the production of kozinaki, seed crushers are used to peel sunflower seeds, which are designed to remove the husks from the dried sunflower seeds.

The operating principle of peeling machines is as follows. Cleaned from dirt and dust, washed and dried sunflower seeds are poured using a conveyor or manually into the receiving hopper. Using a gate, a seed calibrated in size falls onto the handle. On the crushing drum, the husks are removed and the output is a clean kernel with under-husks and husks, which are sifted into bags using a winnower and a cyclone.

The amount of waste is approximately 3 to 5% of the total amount of seeds supplied to the bunker.

Then, in order to finally clean the sunflower kernel from the waste it contains, it is fed to a vibrating pneumatic table. The output is a whole pure seed, which can be used in the production of kozinaki.

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Benefits of sunflower seeds

Sunflower seeds are useful due to their high content of vitamins B, A, E, D. Along with this, they help lower cholesterol levels in the blood. Seeds can be stored for a long time without losing their beneficial properties. Even in winter, the benefits of sunflower seeds are high due to the presence of macroelements such as iodine, zinc, calcium, fluorine, and iron. Amino acids are present in the protein of seeds. Among the substances contained in seeds that are beneficial for the body, one can note a large amount folic acid, as well as vitamin B6. They have the same amount of calcium as yogurt or sour cream and several times more magnesium than, for example, bread.

Those who want to lose weight can include a small amount of sunflower seeds in their diet. It is better to eat them immediately before meals, as they slightly reduce appetite. Sunflower seeds are more than useful for people suffering from diseases of the kidneys, gallbladder, liver, and pancreas. In small quantities, sunflower seeds can be used as a preventative against cardiovascular diseases.

Anyone who often husks seeds has smooth skin, strong nails and beautiful hair. Among folk recipes Very often you can find the use of crushed seeds as a scrub for the face and body. Useful material absorb into the skin, moisturize, nourish, cleanse and make it more youthful.

Seeds are also a great way to relieve nervous tension. Irritation and nervousness will go away immediately after a glass of roasted sunflower seeds.

It is important to know

This product can be classified as high-calorie, so the optimal portion of seeds per day is two to three tablespoons. It is not recommended to fry the seeds in a frying pan. If raw seeds do not seem so tasty, it is better to dry them in the oven.

To prevent the destruction of the enamel, you need to peel the seeds by hand. In this case, you won’t have to worry about the condition of your teeth. But singers should completely avoid using this product, as there is a risk of damaging the vocal cords.

Unwashed seeds pose a danger, as they can cause infectious disease. Before drying the seeds in the oven, it is better to rinse them in warm water. When choosing between peeled and unpeeled seeds, it is better to prefer the latter, since they do not oxidize due to the protective peel.

Sunflower peeling device

The sunflower peeling device is designed for peeling grains of cereals, oilseed crops, primarily sunflower seeds. The device contains a backfill hopper (21), upper (9) and lower (8) disks placed in the housing one above the other, installed with a gap forming a seed processing zone (10). The device also contains scrapers (18) for removing products from the processing zone, a mechanism for regulating the working gap between the disks and a rotation drive. The lower disk is rigidly fixed to the shaft, which receives rotation from an electric drive through a transmission mechanism (7), and the upper disk is mounted with the possibility of rotation around the shaft and is connected through a transmission mechanism (13) to the speed controller (14). The upper end of the shaft (3) has a central blind hole (19) reaching the seed processing zone, and lateral radial holes in the walls (20) located in the seed processing zone. The total area of the side holes corresponds to the area of the central hole of the shaft, and the scrapers are installed on the upper disk. The upper and lower disks are made of metal with rubber linings (22) in the seed processing area. 1 salary f-ly

The utility model relates to devices for peeling grains of cereals and oilseed crops, primarily sunflower seeds.

There are known devices for peeling, for example, “Installation for peeling grain products” according to patent C2, IPC B02B 3/02. The installation contains working bodies located in a housing, one above the other, the upper of which is installed with the possibility of vertical movement, and the lower is made in the form of a disk. The installation also contains a mechanism for regulating the working gap between the upper and lower working bodies. The upper working body is made in the form of several decks, including support plates, on the lower side of which replaceable working bodies for peeling are rigidly fixed. Each deck has an independent mechanism for adjusting the working gap relative to the lower disk. The regulation mechanism is equipped with return-compensating springs to fix the gap corresponding to the size of the grain product being processed.

The known installation does not provide the required quality of seed treatment; the installation requires preliminary calibration of seeds by fraction. The hard abrasive wheels of the installation create a large number of destroyed seeds. The installation has significant dimensions.

The closest solution in design is the “Device for peeling and grinding grain” according to patent C1, IPC B02B 3/02. The device contains disks placed in a housing one above the other, the top of which is installed with the possibility of vertical movement, and a mechanism for adjusting the working gap between the disks, including a nut that interacts with an element for vertical movement of the upper disk. The device is equipped with a support disk welded to a bushing rigidly connected to a faceplate in which four rods are installed, representing the displacement of the upper disk around its axis. The disks are located on a single fixed axis with an external thread, which is the axis of rotation for the lower disk and the element of vertical movement of the upper disk. The nut of the mechanism for adjusting the working gap between the disks, rotating along the thread of the fixed axis, has a groove into which the keys of the support disk fit.

The known device does not provide required quality seed treatment, especially sunflower. In the installation, it is impossible to ensure independent rotation of the upper and lower disks and adjust their rotation speed.

The problem to be solved by the proposed utility model is the creation of a high-performance and reliable design of a device for peeling sunflower seeds, which allows easy adjustment to the processing of seeds of various sizes and ensures high-quality processing with minimal losses.

The proposed device for peeling sunflower contains a backfill hopper, upper and lower disks placed one above the other, installed on a common shaft with a gap forming a seed processing zone, scrapers for removing products from the processing zone, a mechanism for adjusting the gap between the disks, and a rotation drive. What is new in the design is that the lower disk is rigidly fixed to the shaft, which receives rotation from an electric drive through a transmission mechanism. The upper disk is mounted for rotation around the shaft and is connected through a transmission mechanism to the speed controller. The upper end of the shaft has a central blind hole that reaches the seed processing zone. In the seed processing zone, lateral radial holes are made in the walls of the upper end of the shaft. The total area of the side holes of the upper end of the shaft corresponds to the area of the central hole of the shaft. The scrapers of the sunflower peeling device are installed on the upper disk. The upper and lower disks of the device are made of metal with rubber linings in the seed processing area.

Installing the upper disk of the device with the possibility of rotation, as well as the presence of a speed controller for the rotation of the upper disk, allows you to achieve such a technical result as independent rotation of the upper and lower disks, regulation of the rotation speed of the upper disk, which will allow you to configure the device to the optimal ratio of the rotation speeds of the upper and lower disks devices for each batch of seeds, and, in turn, will improve the quality of processing. The upper end of the shaft has a central blind hole that reaches the seed processing zone, and the presence of lateral radial holes in the walls of the shaft makes it possible to fill sunflower seeds directly into the seed processing zone. Choosing that the total area of the side holes corresponds to the area of the central hole of the shaft will allow achieving such a technical result as ensuring uniform and uninterrupted filling of seeds into the processing zone. Installing scrapers on the upper disk with an adjustable rotation speed will allow you to feed evenly peeled seeds into the zone for separating the husks from the seeds and then into the collection hopper for the finished material. The use of metal discs with rubber linings increases the durability of the device and the quality of processing sunflower seeds. The design of the discs practically does not damage the seeds, which significantly increases the yield of high-quality sunflower seeds.

The drawing shows the proposed design of a device for peeling sunflowers.

A device for peeling sunflower contains a housing 1 in the form of a guide pipe, inside of which a shaft 3 is mounted on a support cylinder 2, rigidly connected to a supporting race 4. The race 4 is installed in bearings 5, separated by a support sleeve 6. The shaft 3 receives rotation from a rotation drive (not shown) through transmission mechanism 7.

The lower disk 8 and the upper disk 9 are rigidly fixed to the supporting frame 4, forming a seed processing zone 10. The upper disk 9 is mounted on the support disk 11 in bearings 12 and receives rotation from a rotation drive (not shown) through a transmission mechanism 13 and a speed controller 14. The parts of the device are fixed on the shaft with an upper nut 15 and a lower nut 16. The upper 9 and lower 8 disks are covered with a casing 17. The upper disk 9 has 18 scrapers installed to remove products from the processing zone. The upper end of the shaft 3 has a central blind hole 19, which has several lateral radial holes 20 for supplying sunflower to the seed treatment zone.

Sunflower seeds are filled from the hopper 21 through a blind hole into the seed processing zone 10. The upper disk 9 and the lower disk 8 are made of metal with rubber linings 22.

The sunflower peeling device works as follows. An electric motor (not shown) is turned on, transmitting rotation through a transmission mechanism 7 to the shaft 2 and the lower disk 8. The speed controller 14 ensures the rotation speed of the upper disk 9 is an order of magnitude lower than the speed of the lower disk 8. Select optimal ratio rotation speeds of the upper and lower disks, ensuring the lowest yield of destroyed grains. Sunflower from the hopper 21 enters the central hole of the shaft 3 and then through the side radial holes of the shaft 20 into the seed processing zone 10. Seed processing is carried out by rubber pads 22 mounted on metal disks, which ensures gentle peeling of the grains. The processed material is removed from the processing zone into the cavity formed by the casing 17, and then through the discharge hole in the casing into the zone for separating the husks from the seeds and then into the finished material collection hopper (not shown).

1. A device for peeling sunflower, containing a backfill hopper, upper and lower disks placed in a housing one above the other, installed on a common shaft with a gap forming a seed processing zone, scrapers for removing products from the processing zone, a mechanism for adjusting the working gap between the disks, a drive rotation, characterized in that the lower disk is rigidly fixed to the shaft, which receives rotation from an electric drive through a transmission mechanism, and the upper disk is installed with the possibility of rotation around the shaft and is connected through the transmission mechanism to the speed controller, while the upper end of the shaft has a central blind hole reaching to the seed processing zone, and side radial holes in the walls located in the seed processing zone, with the total area of the side holes corresponding to the area of the central hole of the shaft, and the scrapers are installed on the upper disk.

2. A device for peeling sunflower according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower disks are made of metal with rubber linings in the seed processing area.

Cleaning seeds

Sunflower seeds today are a very popular product that is loved by both adults and children. “Seeds” are not only very tasty, but also quite healthy: they contain many vitamins, fatty acid and a whole set of amino acids vital for the human body. All these substances prevent the aging of the body, the occurrence of diseases of the cardiovascular system, and are the prevention of liver diseases. However, all the advantages of seeds simply pale in comparison to their most attractive property: nothing compares to the pleasure we get from cracking seeds.

Some people prefer to buy the seeds shelled, but it is better to peel them yourself. The reason is that after peeling, the seeds lose most of their beneficial properties, so they need to be peeled right before eating. Yes, and cracking seeds is very useful! In the process of peeling, the nerves calm down and, so to speak, spiritual harmony is established. In this article we will talk about how to properly peel seeds.

Peeling seeds manually at home is extremely simple. To do this, you just need to follow a few steps sequentially. First of all, take the seed out of the bag and grab it with your index finger and thumb. Eastern medicine, which has a thousand-year history, is sure that on the pads of these very fingers there are active points that directly affect the functioning of the stomach and intestines, as well as the liver and pancreas. Therefore, when we eat seeds, we, without knowing it, improve the metabolic process and heal the entire body. In the end, picking up seeds with your index finger and thumb is simply the most convenient way. Place the seed on the tip of your tongue, move it towards your front teeth and place it on your rib. Press the seed with your teeth and it will easily crack. You will have the core of the seed in your mouth, and the husk from it in your hands.

As you can see, peeling seeds is very simple, so with a little practice, you will never want to give up this exciting activity. So happy clicking!

If we talk about production on an industrial scale, then the peeling of seeds from the husks occurs completely differently. They use special peeling machines. They work according to the following principle: first, approximately kg of seeds are poured into a bunker specially designed for this purpose. After this, the size of the gap in the crushing drum is calculated. To ensure that each seed is thoroughly cleaned, seeds of approximately the same size are usually loaded. The seed passes through the slot and falls into the drum, in which the husk is separated from the grain. Seeds peeled this way still usually contain about 4% skin, which is then peeled off by factory workers.

4 comments

Yes, peeling seeds often is the most unpleasant thing in this matter. However, I tried eating the seeds already peeled, and the taste was completely different. It's all about cleaning!

I like to peel the seeds first and then eat them. It turns out delicious!

and I buy chishen ones. lovely too

Peeled seeds are not as tasty. I don’t know why, but I prefer to clean and eat it myself!

I want some seeds: how quickly do you peel the seeds from the husk?

In Russia, many people love delicious sunflower kernels. What's a vacation without a pack of roasted sunflower seeds? Interestingly, in Japan the seeds are only given to rodents for consumption. The fact is that not all Japanese have tried delicious kozinaki, so they use this product exclusively for animals.

On a large scale, for the same kozinaki, sunflower kernels are cleaned using special machines. But first, the seeds must be dried, only then can the installation cope with its task.

They are cleaned of dirt so that it does not fall on the nucleoli that have already been freed from the husk. Afterwards, the seeds are placed in a bunker specially made for this purpose. They stay there for some time. Next, the sunflower seeds are selected based on size. The shells are separated from the seeds on a drum. But this process will not be a complete cleanup.

Some seeds may still have a husk on them due to incomplete drying of the kernel or a tight fit of the skin. Cleaned seeds are separated from debris using a winnower and a cyclone. Final cleaning takes place on the table. It makes vibrating movements, and the seed is completely freed from the husk.

It is clear that even seed lovers do not have special installations for cleaning them, so everyone adapts as best they can. Moreover, the more often this activity is practiced, the faster it is possible to release the seeds for husks. Sometimes, even at home, you need to peel a large number of seeds, and not into your mouth, but, for example, into some dish. They can be salads or baked goods. The question arises, how to quickly peel the seeds. The answer is to use a blender:

Pour the seeds into the blender and turn on for a short time;

Pour the seeds into a container and fill with water;

The husk will end up on the surface, and the heavier kernels will end up at the bottom of the container.

Most often, we clean the seeds directly into our mouths and use two methods for this:

The first method damages teeth and enamel, so you should not abuse it. Especially for those whose teeth do not have natural strength. The second method can leave calluses on your fingers. Therefore, those who do not want either the first or the second, have invented special scissors for peeling seeds. They are made of stainless steel and have convenient gaps for small, medium and large cores. Scissors were invented to save sunflower seeds' teeth and fingers from wear and tear. To use them effectively, you need some skill and practice.

Treat a Japanese to kozinaki, and he will treat the seeds not only to rodents, but also to his guests!

Be the first and everyone will know your opinion!

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What machine to use to peel sunflower husks? Or how to do it?

The line has seven patents and carries out next process processing: removal of impurities (large and small impurities, impurities of the same size as raw materials, heavy and light impurities, empty grains, etc.), peeling, removal of husks, separation, repeated separation. This equipment automatically re-hulls unhusked sunflower seeds. This has greatly increased the level of automation.

Components of a line for peeling and cleaning sunflower seeds

3. Multifunctional impurity removal machine

4. main elevator

6. double channel spiral elevator

8. Needle peeling and re-separation machine

9. double channel spiral elevator

10.re-separation machine

12. control cabinet"

The seed crusher is designed to remove the husks from the seeds.

The sunflower seed is poured into a bunker (hopper volume is 50 kg of seeds), and the size of the gap through which the seed falls onto the crushing drum is selected using a gate. The seed must first be calibrated to one size (to increase the quality of hulling). At the exit we get a pure kernel, half-crust, flour and husk in the total mass. ;

At the exit after Petkus, we get a separate clean kernel (may contain 3-5% under-rush), under-rush, flour and husk;

In order to 100% clear the whole kernel of the waste it contains (3-5%), a vibrating pneumatic table is used. "

True, the breeze should not be strong, but sufficient for

Seed crusher. Peeling of sunflower seeds. Seed peeling line

We offer high-quality industrial equipment for peeling sunflower seeds. Large percentage of whole kernel! Equipment productivity is 300kg/hour and 850kg/hour.

The machine is designed for processing, according to a shortened technological process scheme, pre-cleaned and calibrated sunflower seeds by hulling them, sifting out the crushed seeds and dividing the extracted kernel into fractions.

Can be used for processing rice (round), oats and similar crops into cereals.

The equipment warranty is 18 months.

We carry out delivery and commissioning of equipment with training of operating personnel.

T/f (+38)0 68;5 35;8 39

Equipment for processing nuts and seeds:

The operation of a standard line based on automatic ovens USZH-100, USZH-200, USZH-300 is based on avoiding constant control of the frying process by the operator. Due to the production need for additional visual control, an inspection table-conveyor can be used. The line is modular and, if necessary, allows you to increase productivity by connecting additional ovens, feeding systems, and packaging machines. In this situation, the system for supplying the product to packaging machines is equipped with an intermediate hopper, based on the number of ovens and packaging machines.

USZh roasting oven of various capacities

Packaging machine "Mercury" series

The conveyor system is modular (loading and discharge).

Sizing system 1 set

Peeling system 1 set

Sorting system 1 set

Control panel 1 pc.

Power 9.08 kW

Productivitykg/h

Whole core percentage 98%

Peanut Hulling Equipment

ISO9001/CE Certificate

Voltage 380V 50Hz 3 phase/220V 60Hz 3phase/110 60Hz single phase

Power 0.8kW 0.8kW

Productivitykg/hkg/h

Cleaning rate 98-99% 98-99%

Dimensions 1420*900**560*1100

Weight NW:220KGS GW:240KGS NW:180kgs GW:200kgs

Automated line full cycle for cleaning, calibrating, peeling sunflower seeds. Productivity 1.5 tons/hour.

Equipment for cleaning, calibrating, peeling and separation of sunflower seeds (new) performs the following processing process: removal of various impurities, peeling, removal of husks, separation (selection), repeated separation (re-selection). This equipment automatically re-hulls unhulled and unhusked sunflower seeds. This has greatly increased the level of automation.

This equipment has the following features: low energy consumption, compact structure, small space occupancy, low kernel loss, high automation level, simple operation and maintenance, etc. This equipment is the best sunflower seed cleaning, peeling and separation equipment in the world. .

The line includes:

SIEVE VIBRATION SEPARATOR AND AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

We offer lines for peeling and separation of sunflower and pumpkin kernels.

Delivery from China to any convenient port of the buyer.

Full equipment setup and staff training. Warranty and post-warranty service.

I will sell a line for peeling (removing the red shell) of peanut kernels. The line is actually new, everything works. Equipment: Loading hopper, elevator for feeding peanuts into the oven, drying oven, elevator for feeding peanuts into the cooler, cooler, hulling machine, inspection conveyor, cyclone.

T.9 Alexander.

We implement a line for deep processing of sunflower seeds, various types nuts (hulling, washing, frying, roll packaging, etc.)

TFKH 1500 used in good condition, 2008. Capacity 1500kg. at one o'clock

Selling a German universal peeling machine. From seeds to nuts.

In excellent condition, brought in 2013.

1 owner, production of 50 tons of sunflower seeds. Productivity up to 1500 kg per hour.

Notis-MDU-03m-520-3Rch-D-OTV. 3-way automatic machine (filling and packaging machine)

Belt vibration automatic loader. Notis-alz-01-notis-l-v3/v3.5-vp-du. 1 PC

Outfeed conveyor ko-01-notis. 1 PC

Roller conveyor 1 piece

Semi-automatic box sealer SIAT (Italy)

Air compressor Italy

Air refrigerator Italy

Air collectors along the route 3 pieces

Bake. uszh-100 (two containers for the stove)

Another imported box label applicator

7 ways to clean seeds

Eh, having learned about the idea of a week on the topic “7 ways...”, I immediately remembered an old idea for a post that I never decided to implement. Even at the beginning of the blog’s existence, I came up with “7 Ways to Suicide,” but for certain reasons I did not write it.

And here, it seems, you can’t get away with it, it just suggests itself. But, probably, the fact that I returned to the city to the computer and the Internet today to write a post drives me away from this evil thought. I’m in a good mood 🙂 A dacha on the bank of a river, sun, wonderful company and fishing in the morning...

In general, we could talk about seven ways to marinate shish kebab, but those in the city will need other instructions 😉

Method 1: we take the seed with the thumb and forefinger of one hand on the sides, closer to the rounded part, and with the same fingers of the second hand we press on the ribs, at the sharp end of the shell. The pressure will cause the shell to burst along the ribs. We extract the seed and dispose of the shell.

Method 2: similar to the first, but requires more skill. We take the seed with the thumb and forefinger of one hand so that the nose digs into the pad of the index finger, and the butt (the blunt part of the seed) rests against the pad thumb. The shell bursts due to pressure, we take out the seed and dispose of the shell.

Attention! This method requires many years of practice and the presence of a callus on the pad of the index finger, otherwise it hurts!

Method 3: similar to the second, but less traumatic. We take the seed as indicated in point No. 2, but(!) we change the sides. Now the butt rests on the index finger. And with your thumb, using your nail, we divide the shell in half, along the ribs, at the base of the spout.

Attention! The seed is removed, and the shell is always disposed of, regardless of the chosen method of cleaning the seeds!

Method 4: take the seed with the index finger and thumb of one hand, as indicated in step No. 1, bring it to the mouth and, using the front teeth, crack the shell in the same way as in step No. 3. Next, we remove the seed from the mouth, discard the shell with one hand, and return the edible part to the mouth with the other (or wherever needed, depending on the situation).

Method 5: Place the seed with the shell in your mouth, in any way convenient for you. Using your teeth, crush the shell along the ribs. Using the tongue, we extract the edible part, and dispose of the shell by spitting.

Attention! When performing this action, it is worth remembering that only the shell is spit out, the saliva should be left in the oral cavity.

Method 6: take a seed and place it on a hard surface. In one of our hands we take a hard object (an iron, a brick, maybe a bowl or an iron mug), lift it up to the length of an outstretched arm and maximum speed drop onto the seed. Carefully sort through the resulting mixture, separating particles of edible seed from the shell.

Method 7: We attract people from outside. We give a person the opportunity to familiarize himself with the previous six methods so that he can choose the one that is more suitable for himself. And we ask him to peel the seeds for us.

Attention! If you decide to involve a complete stranger, you should not offer him method #5 if you plan to consume the edible parts of the seed personally!

TiamatInc 06/12/2010 Reply to TiamatInc

There is another eighth way. We clamp the seed between the fold of the last phalanx of the index finger and the pad of the thumb, then move the pad of the thumb under the pad of the index finger, so that the seed turns a couple of times and return the fingers to the original one, again rotating the seed between them. Well, then everything is as usual, the seed is in the mouth, the shell is in the disposal.

Gromit 06/13/2010 Reply to Gromit

9 way. We go to the store and buy a kilo of loose seeds. At home, we pour it into a bowl, pour honey over everything, but not a lot, and eat it. Very helpful)

WeboLife 06/13/2010 Reply to WeboLife

I especially liked method #6)

volos_86 06/14/2010 Reply to volos_86

We support the seed with the index fingers of both hands. Using the thumbs of both hands, we push the nails of the corresponding hands, exactly into the sharp edge of the seed (the nails must be clean so as not to become infected with germs). Not at the sharp part, but at the edge.

IMPORTANT. nails thumbs both hands should be pressed as tightly as possible to each other, forming, as it were, a single blade that pierces the sharp edge of the seed.

When your nails pierce the sharp edge of the seed, you need to start moving simultaneously in opposite directions.

COMPLEXITY. It is necessary to press the peeled seed with the pad of one of your thumbs simultaneously with the movement to the index finger of the corresponding hand (for right-handers, right, for left-handers, left).

In this case, the shell of one hand is independently disposed of, the second must be disposed of in the classical way.

Thanks to the use of two hands, the method is recommended for people with impaired coordination of movement and even in children's institutions (kindergartens, schools, in pairs, in lessons).

Hmm 05/19/2011 Reply to Hmm

It’s easier to take a blender and pour the seeds into it, turn on what has separated from the husk for 10 seconds, then blow off the shell with any hair dryer

Maksimchik 08/09/2011 Reply to Maksimchik

Maybe this is serious. But personally, my friends and I liked the article and found it amusing. Especially #7. =)

Julia. 12/18/2011 Reply to Yulia.

Pour the seeds onto a flat, level surface, and put something flat and even (for example, a cutting board) on top of the seeds. Next, we move the upper surface (the seeds roll under it and the shell falls off under pressure), repeat this movement several times, then blow off the shell with a hairdryer.

Alexey 02/03/2012 Reply to Alexey

I wonder how they are separated from the shell on an industrial scale?

Grandfather 07/25/2016 Reply to Grandfather

We take the seed, chew it and swallow it whole.

During the digestion process, the shell is disposed of

Sunflower harvest dates and seed storage rules

Many land owners grow sunflowers for their needs. The seeds are used to feed livestock or culinary purposes. Adherents of natural farming are even mastering the extraction of homemade vegetable oil. The issues of timely harvesting of sunflower and methods of storing it remain relevant. In this article we will tell you the timing of sunflower harvest and how to properly store the seeds.

Determining the readiness of sunflowers for harvesting

Guessing the exact time for sunflower harvesting is a task of particular importance. If you cut the baskets too early, they may end up underripe. The achenes will be difficult to separate from the bed; some shells may not contain a kernel. You can’t be late with cleaning either. In this case, the risk of crop shedding or damage by birds or voles increases.

Correctly determining the readiness of sunflowers for harvesting is not as easy as it seems at first glance. The fact is that seeds and baskets ripen with at different speeds. Agronomists advise starting sunflower harvesting when the seed moisture content is 15%. You can visually assess the degree of seed moisture by changing the color and condition of the baskets:

Popular ways to harvest sunflowers

On large farms, sunflowers are harvested over large areas using mechanized harvesters. However, such equipment is not cheap, and not every small farmer can afford it. But owners of several acres of land don’t need mechanical harvesters at all. With a planting area of up to 10 acres, manual harvesting of sunflowers is possible. Read also the article: → “How to increase sunflower productivity.”

You can also thresh small amounts of sunflower by hand. You can do this in the following ways:

Threshed in a bag. The cut heads are placed in a large bag, which is tied tightly. The bag is tapped vigorously with a stick on all sides for 5 minutes. After this, you can untie it, select empty baskets, and winnow the achenes.
Threshing in the garden. A long piece of plastic film is spread between the rows. The baskets are tapped directly on the stem with a stick. The knocked-out achenes that have fallen onto the film are collected and poured into a container, and the strip of polyethylene is moved further.
Threshing with a spit. This method involves the use of a homemade device made from a metal barrel. Several blades-steps are welded inside it. A hatch is made on the side for pouring seeds. Threshing is done as follows: cut baskets are placed in a barrel and scrolled for several minutes. When hitting the welded steps, the achenes are knocked out of the baskets, after which they can be poured into a container.

If sunflower is constantly cultivated on the site, it is advisable to purchase a small thresher. The following models are suitable for threshing sunflower:

Tip #1. If sunflowers are grown in small quantities on the site, you can collect them like this: put a bag on the head and tap on the back of the basket.

Mistakes when storing sunflower crops

It is important not only to harvest the sunflower crop correctly, but also to preserve it. At the same time, sometimes, due to inexperience, the following mistakes are made, leading to damage to the seeds:

Mistake #1. Storing freshly harvested seeds.

Under no circumstances should sunflower seeds be stored immediately after harvest. Their humidity is too high, and without treatment, in just a few hours, irreversible processes begin in the folded achenes:

self-heating occurs to +25⁰С;
the temperature rises to +40⁰C, microorganisms are activated, a musty smell, mold appears, the skin loses its luster, and oil oxidation begins;
the temperature rises to +50⁰С, the skin and kernels darken, a strong rancid taste appears;
the kernels turn brown.

Mistake #2. Storing with remaining plant debris.

Weedy organic impurities have a high degree of hygroscopicity and will absorb moisture, reducing the shelf life of seeds and causing them to mold.

Mistake #3. Failure to comply with storage conditions.

Incorrect temperature and humidity of the room, inappropriate storage containers lead to damage to the sunflower harvest.

Preparing sunflower seeds for storage

In order for the achenes to be stored well, they must be subjected to two procedures - winnowing and drying. Read also the article: → “Features of planting, growing and propagating annual sunflowers.”

Winnowing seeds before storage

The collected seeds are full of foreign impurities - dry leaves, fragments of baskets, stems. Before storing seeds, these impurities must be removed. The ideal option is a special grain winnower, consisting of a fan and a sieve. Some craftsmen assemble such machines with their own hands, which significantly reduces financial costs.

If the volume of seeds is small and there is no equipment at your disposal, the removal of impurities will have to be done manually. You can use the old method: toss the seeds on a sieve with a suitable hole diameter. The seeds will remain on it, and fine debris will fall through the sieve.

Tip #2. Among the seeds there may be damaged, wrinkled, rotten ones. They also need to be discarded.

Drying sunflower seeds

After removing debris, the seeds must be dried, reducing their humidity to 7%. In industrial production, mine grain dryers are used for this purpose. At home, you can dry the seeds in the sun. To carry out the procedure, a clean cloth is spread over the area where the straight lines fall. Sun rays. The seeds are scattered in one layer. They are stirred from time to time. To achieve optimal humidity, 4-5 hours are enough. The main thing is to prevent evening dew from falling on the achenes.

Sunflower harvest storage conditions

The most important thing to remember when storing achenes is strict adherence to temperature and humidity. It is unacceptable to store sunflower seeds at temperatures above +10⁰С and humidity above 7%. Under such conditions, there is a high probability of starting the self-heating process described above.

Sunflower seeds, especially high-oil varieties, have high respiration energy. At elevated temperatures and humidity they release a lot carbon dioxide and water, becoming a kind of incubator for microorganisms. Therefore, if a lot of seeds are collected, and sunflowers are grown on the site constantly, it is advisable to equip a special room for storing the crop. It is permissible to store seeds that have been pre-cooled to +10⁰C. IN good conditions they can be stored for up to 6 months.

Containers for storing sunflower harvest

The container in which you plan to store the seeds must meet the following requirements:

breathability;
no tendency to form condensation.

Fabric bags meet these conditions. They are available, but have insufficient strength. Therefore, it makes sense to pay attention to hemp-jute bags. A decent and affordable option for synthetics is polypropylene bags or sleeves for grain. Their properties are such that the penetration of moisture into the container is excluded. Consequently, the risk of rotting and rotting of seeds is minimized. It is highly not recommended to store sunflower seeds in plastic bags.

How to arrange a room for storing sunflowers?

The storage room for sunflower crops must be dry, cold and protected from rodents. Farmers in the Stavropol Territory, where sunflower is grown everywhere, set up prefabricated mini-storages in the following way:

Lay a strip foundation.
Concrete floor is poured.
A metal frame is being erected.
The walls are covered with sandwich panels.
They are covering the roof.
Install any suitable forced ventilation system.

If the granary is small, you can do without expensive equipment by ventilating the room with a regular household fan. Inside the storage facility, wooden pallets are placed on the floor. Bags of seeds are placed on them. In rooms made of sandwich panels, constant temperature and humidity are well maintained. However, practice shows that this material is not the most reliable barrier for rodents. Therefore, it is recommended to additionally cover the walls with fine metal mesh.

Some practice the construction of storage facilities from metal profiles. Such walls reliably protect against the penetration of pests. The disadvantage of such structures is the inability to maintain coolness in the summer - the metal profile quickly heats up in the sun. Read also the article: → “How to deal with the main diseases and pests of sunflower.”

Hulling of seeds before storage

If the seeds need to be freed from the shells, they will have to be passed through a seed crusher before storing them. This is a special machine designed for peeling large quantity seeds

This technique is quite expensive. It makes sense to purchase it if you plan to use the seeds for oil extraction. If you need to clean a small amount for culinary purposes, you can use a regular blender. To do this, you need to roll the seeds in it for a couple of minutes, then pour them into a container with water. The shells will float, but the kernels will remain at the bottom.

Current questions about the collection and storage of sunflowers

If necessary, you can assemble the seed crusher with your own hands. Question No. 1. Is it possible to dry seeds in the microwave?

This is not the most The best way. The microwave evaporates moisture from the core, but does not evaporate it from the surface. The seeds will still remain raw. If the volume is small and there is no way to lay them out in the sun, it is better to dry them in a warm oven. The temperature should be set to +60⁰С. It will take about half an hour to dry.

Question No. 2. How to disinfect a room for storing sunflower crops?

Before storing the harvest, the premises must be disinfected and disinfested. Treatment with Gamma smoke bombs is very effective, the gas from which kills ticks, weevils and other insect pests. To protect against fungal infections, you can treat the room with the Bunker fungicide.

Question No. 3. How to store peeled seeds?

It is better not to store them, but to use them immediately. If such a need arises, the seeds must be placed in an airtight container. It is best to use vacuum-sealed food containers or bags. In this form, the seeds can remain for about 3-4 months. Storage temperature should not be high.

Question No. 4. Can I eat sunflower seeds that have been damaged by mice?

If any bag was damaged by rodents during storage, it is better not to risk it and give such seeds to the bird. Rodents are carriers of a number of dangerous diseases. Saliva, fur and feces can remain on the seeds, and it is very difficult to deal with such contamination.

Sunflower seeds are a delicacy for many Russians living both in cities and in rural areas. There are many benefits in the kernels themselves, as well as in products using sunflower seeds.

Except usual ways fingers or teeth, not everyone knows how to clean seeds at work and at home.

Industrial cleaning

To obtain kozinaki in a factory, the seeds are cleaned as follows: the kernels are separated from the shell using special installations that operate with a capacity of up to 250 kg. over an hourly period of time. In this process, the seeds, half of their working volume, are crushed and sifted out. They are useful in the production of sunflower oils.

Industrial cleaning is divided into several stages:

To send the seeds to the hulling machine, they are dried.
Then carefully remove dirt and dust from them. The seeds are kept in a special bunker for a short time.

Using a slider, the seeds will be sorted depending on size.
Next, the kernels are peeled. But not every seed is completely cleansed. The reason may be that the processed material is not dry or that the shells are pressed tightly against the nucleoli.
Using a winnower and a cyclone, the seeds are cleared of debris. The cleaned seed goes into the bag. Nedorush can occupy approximately 5 percent of the total volume of grains in the bunker.

The process is completed on a special vibrating table, where the seeds are removed from the smallest remnants of the husk.

Cleaning at home

To clean roasted sunflower seeds, some try to bite the achene from the corner with the help of their front teeth. At the same time, use your fingers to squeeze the core into oral cavity. For other sunflower lovers, the method of cleaning by hand, which is safe for dental health, is considered the preferred method.

It happens that in preparing food, for example, for a bakery product or salad, a lot of seeds are required. Quickly clean sunflower seeds by performing the following steps:

Pour a few handfuls into the blender, turning it on briefly.
Pour the seeds into a container and fill with water.
The husks that float to the surface are removed. The heaviness of the kernels will prevent them from mixing with debris; they will cover the bottom of the dish.

Cleaning by hand

The simplest way to clean sunflower seeds is manual processing. This method uses the thumb and index finger. From oriental medicine it is known that the pads of these fingers each have their own active point, by acting on which you can positively influence the functioning of the stomach and intestines.

Eating sunflower seeds is useful not only due to the substances inside the kernels, but also the process in which they are cleaned, because when performing actions with the fingers, metabolic processes are activated in the human body. Manual seed processing is also very convenient.

When husking a sunflower grain, it is placed on the tip of the tongue; it will move the nucleolus, which will then end up near the molars in a vertical position on the rib. With light dental pressure you can chew the achene. The husk is spat out using the tongue, and the clean kernel is chewed and swallowed.

In order not to develop stomach diseases, it is necessary to clean the seeds. To preserve tooth enamel and not have calloused hands when shelling seeds, it is better to use special scissors. This device with convenient gaps for kernels of different sizes: small, medium and large, is made of stainless steel. With experience working with scissors, their effectiveness increases.

Beetroot seeds are easily peeled after the testes ripen in a ventilated room, when the balls become brown.

Seeds are snatched from the branches, large sticks are selected and discarded.

By winnowing the seeds in the wind, you get rid of small debris.

For ventilation, the cleaned seeds are placed in paper bags with holes made with an awl.

Carrot seeds are more difficult to peel as they have hairs, cling to each other, and are difficult to winnow.

If there are few seeds, then, after cutting off the umbrellas and drying them well, they grind them with their hands in rough mittens on the table so that the spines are separated from the seeds.

And then the wind winnows away small particles.

The procedure is simpler with nigella onion seeds.

They begin to be removed when the first boxes in the inflorescences open.

The arrows are tied and dried in 8 dry rooms, placing a cloth or film under them.

Then the seeds are grated.

For better cleaning, they are immersed in water and stirred with a stick.

The floating lightweight seeds and small debris are drained, changing the water in the bucket several times.

Those seeds that have settled to the bottom are full-bodied and viable.

They are thrown onto a sieve, shaken and dried on burlap.

Store onion seeds in paper bags.

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Briz product cleaning machines are designed for cleaning, polishing and cooling seeds, nuts, and coffee after roasting. During the cleaning process, ash, debris, and dust are removed from raw materials. This machine is necessary after frying the seeds; it gives the seeds a gloss and removes the effect of “dirty fingers” on the seeds. As of 2016, 98 vehicles were shipped. Cleaning machines operate in Russia, Kazakhstan and other CIS countries.

Cleaning machines are used for:

Cooling and cleaning sunflower seeds.
Cooling and cleaning nuts (peanuts, almonds, hazelnuts, etc.).
Cooling and cleaning of grain for agricultural production.

Are you unsure about your purchase? In the factory laboratory you can test the machine using your raw materials. We will select the optimal cleaning speed for your product. A video report and act is provided. Finished raw materials can be sent back.

The basic principle of operation is based on cleaning in an air stream. The operator loads the raw materials through the upper pipe. The turbofan creates high pressure. which allows the product to circulate from the storage hopper to the cleaning chamber. Special nozzles ensure uniform circulation and cleaning of the product. Constantly mixing, the seeds rub against each other and polish. Particles of dust, dirt, debris and anything lighter than a seed evaporate upward through the exhaust manifold. Thanks to the adjustable lifting force, the machine can be adjusted to any product weight and degree of cleaning. Special bumpers and a cyclone prevent inertial forces from throwing the seed into the exhaust manifold.

The machine has a viewing window, which allows you to visually monitor the degree of cleaning. The simplicity and reliability of the design allows the cleaning of many types of product in which cleaning and air cooling are possible. The product is unloaded through the lower pipe.

Advantages:

Versatility in raw materials (seeds, nuts, grains)
Simultaneous cooling and polishing of the product
Adjusting the quality of cleaning
Reliability and simplicity of design

The warranty period is 24 months. The service life is 15 years.

Specifications

Model
Performance*	up to 100 kg/hour 800 kg/shift
up to 50 kg
Working chamber volume	130 liters
Voltage	380 Volt (220 Volt on request)
Power consumption	1.5-2.2 kW
Dimensions during operation	7508501650 mm
Dimensions during transportation	7507501650 mm
Transport volume	1.1 m 3
Weight	80 kg
	75,000 RUR

— 7 effective ways.

In general, we could talk about seven ways to marinate shish kebab, but those in the city will need other instructions 😉

How to clean a seed?
Method 1: We take the seed with the thumb and forefinger of one hand on the sides, closer to the rounded part, and with the same fingers of the second hand we press on the ribs, at the sharp end of the shell. The pressure will cause the shell to burst along the ribs. We extract the seed and dispose of the shell.

Method 2: similar to the first, but requires more skill. We take the seed with the thumb and index finger of one hand so that the nose digs into the pad of the index finger, and ass(the blunt part of the seed) rested on the pad of the thumb. The shell bursts due to pressure, we take out the seed and dispose of the shell.

Attention! This method requires many years of practice and the presence of a callus on the pad of the index finger, otherwise it hurts!

Method 3: similar to the second, but less traumatic. We take the seed as indicated in point No. 2, but(!) we change the sides. Now the butt rests on the index finger. And with your thumb, using your nail, we divide the shell in half, along the ribs, at the base of the spout.

Attention! The seed is removed, and the shell is always disposed of, regardless of the chosen method of cleaning the seeds!

Method 4: We take the seed with the index finger and thumb of one hand, as indicated in point No. 1, bring it to the mouth and, using the front teeth, crack the shell in the same way as in point No. 3. Next, we remove the seed from the mouth, discard the shell with one hand, and return the edible part to the mouth with the other (or wherever needed, depending on the situation).

Method 5: Place the seed with the shell in your mouth, in any way convenient for you. Using your teeth, crush the shell along the ribs. Using the tongue, we extract the edible part, and dispose of the shell by spitting.

Attention! When performing this action, it is worth remembering that only the shell is spit out, the saliva should be left in the oral cavity.

Method 6: Take a seed and place it on a hard surface. In one of the hands we take a hard object (an iron, a brick, maybe a bowl or an iron mug), lift it up to the length of an outstretched arm and bring it down on the seed at maximum speed. Carefully sort through the resulting mixture, separating particles of edible seed from the shell.

Method 7: We attract people from outside. We give a person the opportunity to familiarize himself with the previous six methods so that he can choose the one that is more suitable for himself. And we ask him to peel the seeds for us.

Attention! If you decide to involve a complete stranger, you should not offer him method #5 if you plan to consume the edible parts of the seed personally!