Option 1 Mirages are amazing optical illusions. Amazing optical mirages. Aurora, Alta, Norway
Option 1
Read the text and complete tasks 1 – 3
(1) Mirages - amazing optical illusions that appear in the desert - are not a figment of the imagination: they can be captured with a camera or video camera. (2) These optical illusions arise because in the desert, superheated air can refract Sun rays in a special way. (3) travelers see water shimmering ahead, but in fact this water is a distorted reflection of the sky in the lower layer of hot air.
Beginning of the form
1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1)
Mirages cannot be captured with a camera or video camera, because they are a trick of the imagination, an optical illusion.
2)
Most often, travelers see water shimmering ahead in the desert, which is a distorted reflection of the sky in the lower layer of hot air.
3)
Mirages - optical illusions that occur in the desert - are the result of a special refraction of sunlight by superheated air.
4)
In the desert, superheated air can refract the sun's rays in a special way, resulting in optical illusions called mirages.
5)
Optical illusions - mirages - arise as a result of refraction of superheated air.
End of form
Beginning of the form
2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
Vice versa,
However
Because
For example,
Despite this,
End of form
Beginning of the form
3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word BOTTOM. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
LOWER, -yaya, -ee.
1)
Located downstairs. Bottom step.
2)
Located close to the mouth, to low-lying areas. Lower reaches of the river.
3)
About clothing: worn under a dress or directly on the body. Underwear.
4)
Forming the lowest limit of the range of a voice or instrument (special). N. register.
End of form
4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
Understood
beard
AIRPORTS
beautiful
document
5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct it lexical error, choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
An antique BONE casket with carvings all over its surface was presented at the exhibition of rarities.
The valley gave way to a quagmire, where crooked and stunted SWAMP birches grew.
Andrey sheltered his nephew, dressed him and put on shoes, and helped him find a job.
FOREST smells came in waves; the breath of juniper, heather, and lingonberries was mixed in them.
In a dream, a person is able not only to distinguish speech, but also to answer questions.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
rose HIGHER
GO FORWARD
FOUR sleigh
LET'S TRY TO SOLVE
no time
7.
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
OFFERS
GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A)
Everyone who has been to the Borodino field bares their head in front of the monuments to the defenders of Russia.
B)
Subsequently, he could not even explain to himself what made him rush across the horses.
IN)
According to Kramskoy, despite the fact that many landscape painters depict trees, water and even air in their paintings, there is a soul only in the painting “The Rooks” by Savrasov.
G)
People who read Russian fairy tales and epics in childhood were breathtaking from heroic deeds.
D)
Using the letter “ъ” at the end of words, in the 19th century it was only a tribute to tradition.
1)
incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
2)
disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
3)
violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application
4)
error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members
5)
incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrases
6)
violation in the construction of sentences with a participial phrase
7)
incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
A
B
IN
G
D
8. Identify the word in which the alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
g..mnazist
tangent
d..delicacy
assumed
element..ment
9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
be..connected, ra..reap
pr..brezhny, pr..off
on..sewing, oh..breathing
from..called, sent
pr..city, pr..grada
10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
enamel...vy
insomnia
pliable
be honored
guilty..to
11. Write down the word in which the letter Y is written in place of the gap.
(they) are closed
thinker (person)
loader (gun)
(flags) re..t
(well) understanding
12. Determine the sentence in which NOT is written together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.
In some places the light (DID NOT) PENETRATE at all under the thick canopy of pine branches.
(I DO NOT) WANT TO THINK BADLY ABOUT PEOPLE.
The (UN)CLEAR outlines of huge trees appeared ahead.
The far (IN)HOSPITABLE forest stretched all the way to Nerekhta.
Every writer has a single, main, (NOT)WRITTEN book.
13. Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
The poet’s calling is to create for eternity, (THUS) he is “his own highest court,” (AS) only a few are given the opportunity to appreciate his creations.
I want to talk to you (ABOUT) the apartment, (IN) CONNECTION with which I ask you to give me a little attention.
(SEEING the imminent end of the voyage, the mood of the team improved, SO (THAT) the last days of the journey flew by unnoticed.
Napoleon, from his long experience of war, knew well what it meant to have a battle that was not won for eight hours, (THUS) he had no doubt about the outcome of the matter.
It’s not easy to explain why ALL real poems differ from rhymed lines.
14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written.
Light walls of exquisite (1) proportions, decorated with (2) ceramic tiles, crowned with (3) a decorative majolica belt with a fancy image of orchids
15.
Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1)
Nature passes through the poet’s loving and ever-creating heart and is imprinted in his lyrical lines.
2)
Inversion is one of the most important means of intonation-syntactic highlighting of words or phrases.
3)
A light breeze woke up and then died down.
4)
This portrait has lightness of manner and subtlety of color scheme and psychologism of the image.
5)
The engine did not have time to truly cool down and was started within a few minutes.
16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in sentences.
Birds (1) choosing their (2) life partners (3) give great importance plumage shades. And if the feathered gentleman does not have (4) the cap characteristic of (5) his fellows, then the chances of receiving favor from the bride are slim.
17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
Roman M.Yu. Lermontov (1) according to scientists (2) are imbued with unity of thought, and therefore it cannot be read in a manner other than the order in which the author himself arranged it: otherwise you will read two excellent (3) in my opinion (4) stories and several no less excellent stories, but you won’t know the novel.
18. Place punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in the place of which(s) in the sentence there should be a comma(s).
Gradually (1) a city grew (2) in the name (3) of which (4) the aroma of the red pine trees that surrounded it was preserved.
19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
Summer is in full swing (1) and (2) if you stay longer in the forest (3) you will see a warbler (4) flashing among the branches.
Read the text and complete tasks 20 – 25
(1) Tenderness - the most meek, timid, divine face love. (2) Love-passion - always with an eye on yourself. (3) She wants to conquer, seduce, she wants to please, she preens herself, puts her hands on her hips, measures, and is always afraid of missing out on what she has lost. (4) Love-tenderness gives everything, and there is no limit to it. (5) And she will never look back at herself, because “she is not looking for her own.” (6) She’s the only one who’s not looking. (7) But one should not think that a feeling of tenderness degrades a person. (8)On the contrary. (9) Tenderness comes from above, it takes care of the beloved, protects, takes care of him. (10) But only a defenseless creature in need of care can be looked after and protected, therefore words of tenderness are diminutive words, going from the strong to the weak.
(11) Tenderness is rare and increasingly rare. (12) Modern life is difficult and complex. (13) Modern man, even in love, strives first of all to establish his personality. (14) Love is a martial arts.
- (15) Yeah! (16) Love? (17) Well, okay. (18) Roll up your sleeves, straighten your shoulders - come on, who will win?
(19) Is there any tenderness here? (20) And who to protect, who to pity - all are well done and heroes. (21) He who knows tenderness is marked.
(22) In the minds of many, tenderness is always depicted in the form of a meek woman bending towards the head of the bed. (23) No, that’s not where you need to look for tenderness. (24) I saw her differently: in forms that were not at all poetic, in simple, even funny ones.
(25) We lived in a sanatorium near Paris. (26) We walked, ate, listened to the radio, played bridge, and gossiped. (27) There was only one real patient - a feisty old man recovering from typhus.
(28) The old man often sat on the terrace in a chaise lounge, covered with pillows, wrapped in blankets, pale, bearded, always silent and, if anyone passed by, he turned away and closed his eyes. (29) His wife hovered around the old man, like a trembling bird. (30) The woman is middle-aged, dry, light, with a faded face and anxiously happy eyes. (31) And she never sat quietly. (32) She kept adjusting something around her patient. (33) Now she turned over the newspaper, now she fluffed the pillow, now she tucked in the blanket, now she ran to warm the milk, now she dripped medicine. (34) The old man accepted all these services with obvious disgust. (35) Every morning, with a newspaper in her hands, she rushed from table to table, talked friendly with everyone and asked:
“Here, maybe you can help me?” (36) Here is a crossword puzzle: “What happens in a residential building?” (37) Four letters. (38) I write it down on a piece of paper to help Sergei Sergeevich. (39) He always solves crosswords, and if he gets stuck, I come to his aid. (40) After all, this is his only entertainment. (41) Patients are like children. (42) I’m so glad that at least this amuses him.
(43) They pitied her and treated her with great sympathy.
(44) And somehow he crawled out onto the terrace earlier than usual. (45) She sat him down for a long time, covered him with blankets, and propped up pillows. (46) He winced and angrily pushed her hand away if she did not immediately guess his wishes. (47) She, shivering joyfully, grabbed the newspaper.
– (48) Here, Serezhenka, today it seems like a very interesting crossword puzzle.
(49) He suddenly raised his head, rolled out his angry yellow eyes and began to shake all over.
– (50) Finally, get to hell with your idiotic crossword puzzles! – he hissed furiously.
(51) She turned pale and somehow sank.
“(52) But you...,” she babbled in confusion. – (53) After all, you were always interested in...
– (54) I was never interested! – he kept shaking and hissing, looking with animal pleasure at her pale, desperate face. – (55) Never! (56) It was you who climbed with the tenacity of the degenerate that you are!
(57) She didn’t answer anything. (58) She just swallowed air with difficulty, pressed her hands tightly to her chest and looked around with such pain and such despair, as if she was looking for help. (59) But who can take such a funny and stupid grief seriously? (60) Only a little boy, sitting at the next table and seeing this scene, suddenly closed his eyes and cried bitterly.
(According to N.A. Teffi*)
* Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Teffi (1872–1952) – Russian writer, poet, memoirist and translator.
Beginning of the form
20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
1)
Love-passion ennobles a person, makes him be caring, gentle, attentive.
2)
It cannot be said that the feeling of tenderness degrades a person.
4)
Tenderness is often found in our lives; it helps a person to affirm his personality.
5)
The rudeness of the sick husband offended and upset his caring, gentle and attentive wife.
End of form
Beginning of the form
21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.
1)
Sentences 7–10 contain reasoning.
2)
Sentences 11–14 present the narrative.
3)
Sentence 30 provides the description.
4)
Sentences 44–45 present the narrative.
5)
Sentences 57–58 contain reasoning.
End of form
Beginning of the form
22. From sentences 5–10, write down antonyms (antonymous pair).
End of form
Beginning of the form
23. Among sentences 28–34, find one that is connected to the previous one using a conjunction and a personal pronoun. Write the number of this offer.
End of form
Beginning of the form
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that YOU analyzed while completing tasks 20 – 23.
This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter.
“The text analyzes an issue that has troubled people for centuries. To express his understanding of love and tenderness, the author uses the technique - (A)__________ (sentences 2, 3 - 4, 5) and the syntactic device - (B)__________ (in sentences 1, 9). The writer is helped to create the image of a tender wife by the trope – (B)__________ (“with anxious-happy eyes” in sentence 30) and the syntactic device – (D)__________ (“like a tremulous bird” in sentence 29).”
List of terms:
1)
comparative turnover
2)
epithet
3)
spoken words
4)
series of homogeneous members of a sentence
5)
opposition
6)
litotes
7)
phraseological units
8)
parcellation
9)
rhetorical questions
End of form
A
B
IN
G
Beginning of the form
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting).
Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite original text without any comments, such work is scored zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
End of form
Answers
Option 1:
3 4
For example
1
Understood
bone
high
2 1 3 6 7
tangent
coastal accustomed
enamel
thinking
unclear
therefore since
1 2
3 5
1 3
1 2 3 4
2
1 3 4
2 5
1 3 4
strong weak
31
5 4 2 1
Option No. 1 (OBZ FIPI)
Mirages cannot be captured with a camera or video camera, because they are a trick of the imagination, an optical illusion. |
||
Most often, travelers see water shimmering ahead in the desert, which is a distorted reflection of the sky in the lower layer of hot air. |
||
Mirages - optical illusions that occur in the desert - are the result of a special refraction of sunlight by superheated air. |
||
In the desert, superheated air can refract the sun's rays in a special way, resulting in optical illusions called mirages. |
||
Optical illusions - mirages - arise as a result of refraction of superheated air. |
3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word BOTTOM. Determine the meaning in which this word is used LOWER, -yaya, -ee. |
||||||||||||
|
4. In one of the words below there is an error in the placement of stress: WRONG
locked
ponYav
dobelA
self-interest
wholesale
Answer: ___________________________.
5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY.Correct a lexical error by choosing
to the highlighted word paronym. Write down the chosen word.
Sometimes rumors are generated by insufficientAWARENESS of workers at the enterprise.
Grishakov left, and now all questions concerning his life become UNANSWERABLE.
A STONE desert stretched around a boundless sea, in which cacti grew in groups, covered with large pink flowers.
Despite the hour of dawn, there were a lot of people: some HORSE unit was moving at a pace towards the outpost.
IN holidays All airports in the country are overcrowded with tourists.
Answer: ___________________________.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake And write the word correctly.
kilogram of APPLES
SEVENTY percent
GO to the Moscow region
tongues of FLAME
Answer: ___________________________.
7. Match grammatical errors with
GRAMMAR ERRORS A) violation in construction sentences with participle turnover B) error in construction complex sentence B) violation in construction application D) disruption of communication between subject and predicate D) violation of species and time correlation of verbs forms | OFFERS
The site, you see the city at a glance.
|
8. Identify the word that is missingunstressed alternating vowelroot Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
g..mnazist
tangent
d..delicacy
assumed
unification
Answer: ___________________________.
9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
and..wasted, ra..awakened
pr..strange, pr..off
raz..gral, over..deed
n..load, dis..took
under.. drive, once.. clarified
Answer: ___________________________.
10. E.
enamel...vy
insomnia
pliable
be honored
guilty..to
Answer: ___________________________.
11. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the gap AND .
meaning..my
shine..sh
comfort..my
rub..sew
gainful
Answer: ___________________________.
12. Identify the sentence in which NOT is written with the word FULL . Open the brackets and write down this word.
Lingonberry bushes are strewn with (UN)RIPED berries.
Even the smell of gasoline (NOT) COULD drown out the aroma of the meadow.
IN THE (NOT) LARGE, but spacious hall it was light and quiet.
The potatoes in the gardens are still (NOT) DIGGED.
(NOT) RECOGNIZING their purpose, the heroes of A.P.’s plays. Chekhov often live their lives mechanically.
Answer: ___________________________.
13. Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written FULL
(And) SO, Konstantin claimed that this trip added vitality,
I said the SAME thing.
TO be happy, you need to strive for success and at the SAME time you need to learn nobility in relation to the people around you.
Soon the birds (WITH) ALL fell silent, except for one, which (IN) DISCONTINUANCE with everyone chirped monotonously.
The stranger disappeared around the bend AS suddenly as he appeared, (THUS) it was not possible to see him.
(FINALLY) the rain stopped, but SOMEWHERE there were still heavy masses of partially scattered clouds.
Answer: ___________________________.
14. written NN.
Alexander Blok created a special (1) poetic world, permeated (2) with blue and purple colors, weaved (3) with highlights and filled (4) with amazing melody.
Answer: ___________________________.
15. Place punctuation marks.Specify two sentences in which you need to put ONE |
|||||||||||||||
|
16.
Place punctuation marks:indicate all the numbers in their place
Birds (1) when choosing their (2) life partners (3) attach great importance to the shades of plumage. And if the feathered gentleman does not have (4) the cap characteristic of (5) his fellows, then the chances of receiving favor from the bride are slim.
Answer: ___________________________.
17.
Place punctuation marks:indicate all the numbers in their place
Sentences must contain commas.
Encounters with the art of painting give the joy of discovery (1) exclusively to (2) an attentive and patient viewer. Visiting an art museum (3) for example (4) requires us to be able
and readiness to perceive and experience what is seen.
Answer: ___________________________.
18. Place punctuation marks:indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
Gradually (1) a city grew (2) in the name (3) of which (4) the aroma of the red pine trees that surrounded it was preserved.
Answer: ___________________________.
19.
Place punctuation marks:indicate all the numbers in their place
At home, my guest immediately began to complain to me (1) that (2) while he was driving to me (3) he got lost in the forest (4) and was forced to spend the night in the forester’s lodge.
Answer: ___________________________.
(1) Man was created to last for centuries, judging by the enormous, incomparable waste of energy. (2) The lion, having killed the antelope, rests for a day in a well-fed sleep. (3) After an hour-long battle with an opponent, a powerful elk stands in the thicket for half a day, frantically moving its sunken sides. (4) Aitmatov’s Karanar accumulated strength for a year to rage, rage and triumph for half a month. (5) For a person, such feats are the brilliance of a moment, for which he pays with such a small fraction of his reserves that he does not need rest at all. (6) The goal of the beast is to live out the time allotted by nature. (7) The amount of energy embedded in it is correlated with this period, and a living creature spends not as much as it wants, but as much as it needs, as if some kind of dosing device is provided in it: the beast does not know desire, it exists according to the law of necessity. (8) Isn’t that why animals don’t suspect that life is finite? (9) The life of animals is the time from birth to death: animals live in absolute time, not knowing that there is also relative time; only humans can exist in this relative time. (10) His life never fits into the dates on the gravestone. (11) It is larger, it contains seconds known only to him, which dragged on like hours, and days that flew by like moments. (12) And the higher a person’s spiritual structure, the more opportunities he has to live not only in absolute, but also in relative time. (13) For me, the global super task of art is its ability to prolong human life, saturate it with meaning, teach people to actively exist in relative time, that is, to doubt, feel and suffer. (14) This is about spirituality, but even in ordinary, physical life, a person is given obviously more “fuel” than is needed in order to live according to the laws of nature. (15) Why? (16) For what purpose? (17) After all, in nature everything is reasonable, everything has been verified, tested over millions of years, and even the appendix, as it turned out, is still needed for something. (18) Why is a huge supply of energy many times greater than needs given to man? (19) I asked this question in the fifth or sixth grade, when I got to elementary physics, and decided that it explained everything. (20) And she really explained everything to me then. (21) Except for humans. (22) But I couldn’t explain it. (23) It was here that the straightforward logic of knowledge ended and the frighteningly multivariate logic of understanding began. − (25) For work. “(26) I see,” I said, not understanding anything, but did not ask questions. (27) This property - to agree with the interlocutor not when I have understood everything, but when I have not understood anything - is apparently inherent in me by nature. (28) In everyday life, it always bothered me, because I couldn’t get out of my troubles, writing my own theories, hypotheses, and often laws. (29) But there was still one beneficial side to this strangeness: I remembered without understanding, and got to the bottom of the answers myself; now it’s not so important that most often the answer was wrong. (30) Life requires from a person not answers, but the desire to seek them. (31) I am writing about this only for the sake of two words from my father, which determined the whole meaning of existence for me. (32) This became the main commandment, the alpha and omega of my worldview. (33) And I became a writer, probably not at all because I was born with such brilliance in my eyes, but only because I sacredly believed in the need for persistent, daily, frantic work. (According to B.L. Vasiliev*) * Boris Lvovich Vasiliev(1924–2013) – Soviet writer, prose writer, publicist, public figure, author of the works “The Dawns Here Are Quiet”, “Tomorrow There Was War”, “Not on the Lists”, etc.
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Answer: ___________________________. 21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers. |
|||||||||||||||
|
Answer: ___________________________. 23. Among sentences 6–11, find one that is related to the previous one Answer: ___________________________. Read a fragment of a review based on the text, which you analyzed while completing tasks 20–23. Some terms used in the review are missing. Paste for places of passes (A, B, C, D) numbers corresponding to the numbers terms from the list. Write down in the table under each letter the corresponding number. samples. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Part 2
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
set by the author of the text.
comment two examples-illustrations from the text read, which,
in your opinion, are important for understanding the problem of the source text
(avoid excessive quoting).
or you do not agree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain
Why. Justify your opinion based primarily on
reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations
(the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
A work written without relying on the text read (not based on this
text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a retelling
or a completely rewritten source text without any
comments, then such work is scored zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
Option No. 2. OZ FIPI
Part 1
The answers to tasks 1–24 are a figure (number) or a word (several
words), sequence of numbers (numbers). Write your answer in the answer field
in the text of the work, and then transfer it to ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of
task number, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas
and other additional characters. Write each letter or number
in a separate box in accordance with those given in the form
samples.
Read the text and complete tasks 1–3.
(1) A person’s external culture is manifested in the fact that he acts according to all the rules only when he is in plain sight, in front of people in front of whom he plays the role of a cultured person. (2) Internal culture consists in the fact that a person always acts as required by the moral laws of society. (3) a truly cultured person–
this is a person who consciously accepts certain restrictions associated
in compliance with accepted social norms.
External and internal cultures must be inherent in every person, because they constitute the moral laws of society. |
||
A truly cultured person is a person who always consciously accepts the restrictions that are associated with compliance with accepted norms in society, and does not pretend that he observes them. |
||
A cultured person acts according to all the rules, norms and laws and does not accept any restrictions. |
||
True culture manifests itself in a person not when he is seen and evaluated, but when he consciously makes certain restrictions, observing the norms accepted in society. |
||
Compliance with moral laws and socially accepted norms of behavior characterizes a cultured person and is his external culture. |
- Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
For example,
Thus,
On the one side,
However
Although
Answer: ___________________________.
3 . Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word PLAY. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry. PLAY, -ay, -ay; played; played nesov. |
|||||||||||||||
|
Answer: ___________________________.
4. In one of the words below there is an error in the emphasis: WRONG The letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted. Write this word down.
got wet
They're getting through
accrued
poured
STARTED
Answer: ___________________________.
5. In one of the sentences below WRONG The highlighted word is used.Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
All this could be a clever trick, designed for the employee to gain the trust of his enemies and start a DOUBLE game.
He constantly violated DIPLOMATIC etiquette when talking to ambassadors.
Nature shines with ETERNAL beauty and surprises us with its greatness.
Shifting centuries-old stones, RAIN streams fell down.
His initiative found a wide response from the readership.
Answer: ___________________________.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake And write the word correctly.
a lot of ripe CHERRIES
no ONE HUNDRED AND A FIFTH rubles
GO FORWARD
gooseberries are too sour
dry cellars
Answer: ___________________________.
7. Match grammatical errors with
sentences in which they are admitted: to each position of the first
column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMAR ERRORS A) violation in construction sentences with participle turnover B) error in construction complex sentence B) violation in construction proposals with inconsistent application D) disruption of communication between subject and predicate D) violation of species and time correlation of verbs forms |
|
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
8. Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
purpose
assume
post..ment
p..gardener
ts..remoniya
Answer: ___________________________.
9 . Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
and..gone, careless
un..send, n..stand
put..put, oh..threw
passing... passing, passing... angry
counter..gra, rose..sk
Answer: ___________________________.
10. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the blank AND .
honored
cherry
overcome...
spongy
cheap..nice
Answer: ___________________________.
11. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the blank AND
help me
captivated...my
vert...sh
tortured
honored
Answer: ___________________________.
12 . Identify the sentence in which NOT is written with the word CONTINUOUSLY.
Open the brackets and write down this word.
Lisa (did not) dream of acting in films both when she was a schoolgirl and when she studied at a theater school.
During his five years of service in the army, Ilya (did not) even rise to the rank of corporal.
We noticed that the conductor's shirt was wrinkled and his shoes were (un)cleaned.
The young singer had good hearing, but a (mis)produced voice.
Dubrovsky at Kiril Petrovich's table directly expressed his opinion, (not) caring whether it contradicted the opinions of the owner.
Answer: ___________________________.
13. Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written
FULL . Open the brackets and write down these two words.
The Ant got out from under the giant Camel's feet and thought: WHAT should he do to take revenge on the arrogant offender?
(FROM) THAT stranger and terrible beast, who suddenly appeared in the clearing, it was necessary to urgently hide, SO as not to fall into his clutches.
My father supported his football team just as passionately as all his friends. His son was also an avid fan.
Petya shuddered, (FROM) the fact that the doorbell rang, his mother did not expect the call.
In the “Moscow Yard” by V.D. Polenova, (WITHOUT) A DOUBT, showed the SAME ability to “raise” an unassuming subject to a high artistic generalization as in the landscapes of Savrasov and Serov.
Answer: ___________________________.
14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place it is written N.
The (1) children were sitting (3) dressed up as guests, fascinated (4) looking at the hostess, whose hands had displayed (5) all this magnificent treat.
Answer: ___________________________.
15. Place punctuation marks.Specify two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
- And in science and in literature and in music in general, the universal secret of our abilities is always revealed.
- It seemed that everything in this luxurious park was alien and every minute
we might get kicked out.
- There was a cry and everything around fell silent again.
- From the tops of the trees the last dry leaves fall to the ground and
the paths cannot be walked in October.
- Each nation has its own spiritual and material culture and an unshakable belief in the legitimacy and inviolability of its place on earth.
16 . Place punctuation marks:
There must be commas in the sentence.
Ippolit Matveyevich (1) wallowing in shame (2) stood under the acacia tree and (3) without looking at the people walking (4) repeated three memorized phrases.
Answer: ___________________________.
17. Place punctuation marks:indicate all the numbers in their place
There must be commas in the sentence.
Trigorsky Park in the Pushkin Nature Reserve (1) according to
many (2) soaked in the sun even on cloudy days. This park
created (3) as if (4) especially for family holidays, friendly conversations, laughter, humorous confessions.
Answer: ___________________________.
18. Place punctuation marks:indicate all the numbers in their place
There must be commas in the sentence.
Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” (1) differed favorably from the morally descriptive stories of the natural school in the thoroughness and “monographic nature” of the picture (2) the natural beginning (3) of which (4) was the image of the hero’s ordinary day.
Answer: ___________________________.
19. Place punctuation marks:indicate all the numbers in their place
V sentences must contain commas.
The aged Sermin now walked down the dark steps from the porch slowly and carefully (l) and (2) when he stepped heavily onto the ground (3) a sigh of relief was heard in the crowd of relatives (4) which was heard by the whole street.
Answer: ___________________________.
Read the text and complete tasks 20–25.
(1) Children never remember their mother as young and beautiful, because the understanding of beauty comes later, when mother’s beauty has time to fade.
(2) I remember my mother gray-haired and tired, but they say she was beautiful. (3) Large, thoughtful eyes in which the light of the heart appeared. (4) Even dark eyebrows, long eyelashes. (5) Smoky hair fell over the high forehead.
(8) Children never tell their mother about their love for her. (9) They don’t even know the name of the feeling that binds them more and more to their mother. (10) In their understanding, this is not a feeling at all, but something natural and obligatory, like breathing, quenching thirst.
(11) But a child’s love for his mother has its golden days. (12) I experienced them at an early age, when I first realized that the most necessary person in the world is my mother. (13) My memory has retained almost no details of those distant days, but I know about this feeling of mine, because it still glimmers in me and has not dissipated throughout the world. (14) And I take care of him, because without love for my mother there is a cold emptiness in my heart.
(15) I never called my mother mother, mother. (16) I had another word for her - mommy. (17) Even when I became big, I could not change this word. (18) My mustache has grown, a bass voice has appeared. (19) I was embarrassed by this word and pronounced it barely audibly in public.
(20) The last time I said it was on a rain-wet platform,
at the red soldier's train, in a crush, to the sounds of the alarming whistles of the locomotive, to the loud command “to the carriages!” (21) I didn’t know that I was saying goodbye to my mother forever. (22) I whispered “mommy” in her ear and, so that no one would see my manly tears, I wiped them on her hair... (23) But when the train started moving, I couldn’t stand it, I forgot that I was a man, a soldier, I forgot what was around people, a lot of people, and through the roar of the wheels, through the wind beating into the eyes, they shouted:
- Mommy!
(24) And then there were letters. (25) And the letters from home had one extraordinary property, which everyone discovered for themselves and did not admit their discovery to anyone. (26) In the most difficult moments, when it seemed that everything was over or would end in the next moment and there was no longer a single clue for life, we found an untouchable reserve of life in letters from home. (27) When the letter arrived from my mother, there was no paper, no envelope with the field mail number, no lines. (28) There was only my mother’s voice, which I heard even in the roar of the guns, and the smoke of the dugout touched my cheek, like the smoke of a home.
(29)Under New Year Mom told me in detail about the Christmas tree in her letter. (30) It turns out that in the closet we accidentally found Christmas tree candles, short, multi-colored, similar to sharpened colored pencils. (31) They were lit, and the incomparable aroma of stearin and pine needles spread from the spruce branches throughout the room. (32) The room was dark, and only the cheerful will-o’-the-wisps died down and flared up, and the gilded walnuts flickered dimly.
(33) Then it turned out that all this was a legend that my dying mother composed for me in an ice house, where all the windows were broken by the blast wave, and the stoves were dead and people were dying of hunger, cold and shrapnel. (34) And she wrote, from the icy besieged city, sending me the last drops of her warmth, the last blood.
(35) And I believed the legend. (36) He held on to her - to his emergency supply, to his reserve life. (37) I was too young to read between the lines. (38) I read the lines themselves, not noticing that the letters were crooked, because they were written by a hand devoid of strength, for which the pen was heavy, like an ax. (39) Mother wrote these letters while her heart was beating...
(According to Yu.Ya. Yakovlev*)
*
Yuri Yakovlevich Yakovlev(1922–1995) – Russian Soviet writer
and screenwriter, author of books for teenagers and young adults.
20 . Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
The narrator bitterly regrets that he did not love his mother enough. |
|||
The narrator retains the memory of his mother even at the level of sensations from her presence, from her touch. |
|||
Children never tell their mother about their love for her, accepting her constant care as something natural and obligatory. |
|||
Under no circumstances should you show your tenderness towards your mother in the presence of other people. |
|||
When the narrator read a letter from his mother detailed description New Year's tree, he had no idea that this was a legend composed for him. 3) | Sentences 8–10 present the reasoning. |
||
Propositions 11–12 confirm the content of sentence 10. |
|||
Proposition 18 explains the content of sentence 19. |
Answer: ___________________________.
22. From sentences 33–34, write down antonyms (antonymous pair).
Answer: ___________________________.
23.
Among sentences 7–11, find one that is related to the previous one
using a personal pronoun and word form. Write the number of this offer.
Answer: ___________________________.
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20–23.
This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text.
Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the numbers of the terms from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter.
Write down the sequence of numbers in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of
task numbers 24, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas
and other additional characters.
Write each number in accordance with those given in the form.
samples.
24. “Recreating the image of his mother, the narrator speaks about her with deep filial tenderness. A variety of expressive language means help the author convey these feelings, including the following tropes: (A)__________ (“beauty has time to fade” in sentence 1, “light of the heart” in sentence 3) and (B)__________ (“ thoughtful eyes" in sentence 3, " smoky hair" in sentence 5, " careful touch” in sentence 6), as well as syntactic means: (B)__________ (“like breathing, quenching thirst” in sentence 10) and (D)__________ in sentence 6).”
List of terms: |
|
parcellation |
|
professional vocabulary |
|
exclamation sentences |
|
metaphors |
|
phraseological unit |
|
epithets |
|
comparative turnover |
|
colloquial vocabulary |
|
a number of homogeneous members of a sentence |
|
Do not forget to transfer all answers to answer form No. 1 in accordance with the instructions for completing the work.
Part 2
To answer this task, use ANSWER FORM No. 2.
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
State one of the problems set by the author of the text.
Comment on the formulated problem. Turn on
There are tangible signs that the body needs your attention. The following symptoms indicate the need to make lifestyle and dietary changes.
Leather
Problematic skin is the first signal. If you have been out of pregnancy for a long time, and your skin is still often inflamed, pay attention to nutrition and intestinal health. Difficulties with the skin indicate that the intestines are not coping with the elimination of toxins.
Immunity
It’s also a clear signal that you need to reconsider your lifestyle and diet. Explore natural remedies to strengthen and enhance your immune system. These are spices, herbs, drinks.
Lack of energy
If you feel lacking vital energy and strength for two weeks – your body is ringing all the bells. One-time fatigue, which can be restored by sound sleep and rest, is common. But the feeling of exhaustion from the very morning, apathy, reluctance to get down to work and lead active life is no longer the norm. Also, pay attention to your adrenal health.
Hair
Excessive hair loss can be an indirect sign of a lack of vitamins and minerals in the body. Review your diet - add more fresh fruits and vegetables, and thermally unprocessed foods to your diet.
Waist
A waist circumference exceeding 80 cm for women and 90 cm for men is a signal to change your daily diet and cleanse your diet of fatty foods, sugar and gluten. This indicator indicates the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Digestion
Gas formation, severe and painful bloating indicate an unhealthy intestinal condition. Namely, irritable bowel syndrome or bacterial growth. These symptoms are easily treatable. The main thing is to pay attention to the sensations and condition of the body in order to take timely measures.
In nature, sometimes you can observe unique and unpredictable phenomena, the existence of which is difficult to believe. Since ancient times, people have seen amazing optical mirages in the form of ships, mountains, unusual light effects where they cannot actually be. Despite the fact that mirages are most often associated with deserts, they can appear in a variety of places on our planet.
Inferior Mirages
Lower, or as they are also called desert, mirages are among the most studied and frequently encountered, but no less amazing effects. Light rays are reflected from the heated air, so an optical illusion appears in the form of an apparent body of water where it actually does not exist. In reality, illusory water is nothing more than a reflected image of the sky in the distance. For it to occur, two conditions must be met simultaneously:
- highly heated flat surface;
- the presence of hot layers of air on top, above which there will be layers with a colder temperature.
Almost every driver has encountered this illusion in the form of a seemingly wet road that appears on hot days over an asphalt surface. She also more than once drove thirsty travelers in the desert to despair, who imagined water not far away, but they could not get to it: it constantly moved away, and then completely “dissolved” right before their eyes.
Upper mirages
These mirages, which are also called distant vision mirages, appear less frequently than the previous variety, but are distinguished by greater duration and image stability. An amazing optical illusion manifests itself in the fact that objects that are actually far beyond the horizon become visible in the sky. The superior mirage appears most clearly when:
- a large temperature difference occurs between layers of air, and the lower layers should have a lower temperature compared to the upper ones;
- the horizontal length of the reflective layer is at least 400 m.
Light rays reflected from objects on Earth describe a certain arc and return back down, but sometimes even hundreds of kilometers from the source location.
Thanks to this phenomenon, in some polar latitudes the sunrise is often observed 2-3 weeks earlier, and in temperate latitudes during the cold season you can see it 30 minutes earlier than the present.
Halo
An amazing phenomenon that looks like a luminous ring surrounding a light source is called a halo. It is associated with the refraction or reflection of light rays when they pass through snow and ice crystals concentrated in the upper atmosphere. If a right angle is formed between the faces of the crystals and the plane passing through the Sun, an optical illusion appears in the form of a white halo surrounding it. During the day, a halo can appear around the Sun, at night - around the Moon and even other bright light sources (for example, street lamps).
Polar Lights
An incredible spectacle that can often be observed in the Arctic and Antarctic is associated with periodic powerful flares on the Sun, as a result of which tiny luminous particles fly towards the Earth at great speed (the so-called solar wind) and reach it within 30 hours. The magnetic field attracts them to the poles of the planet, where they collide with atmospheric gases and emit light particles in the rarefied layers of the atmosphere. They form multi-colored luminous layers in the sky that move dynamically and form the most unimaginable patterns and shapes.
Parhelion
This is one of the variations of a halo, when in the sky to the left and right of the sun you can observe bright spots of light that form “false suns” (this is how parhelium is translated from Greek language). The amazing effect can last for hours and is observed when the sun is not high above the horizon, and there is a high concentration of microscopic ice crystals in the air, which reflect the image of the main body.
Most often, this optical mirage can be seen in the polar latitudes of the planet. early morning or late in the evening. In some cases, the spots of light become as bright as the main star. Before scientists were able to unravel this phenomenon, the appearance of “false suns” was considered a bad omen.
In some areas of our planet, you can observe an amazing optical phenomenon: your own shadow, which lies on a cloud or fog framed by a halo of colored light. The movement of the cloud layer causes it to oscillate, so from the side the illusion of a moving dark silhouette is created.
The mirage owes its name to the Brocken peak, the highest point mountain range Harz (Germany), where it was first recorded.
Most often, such mirages can be found in mountainous areas with humid air, when the sun is very low. Amazing optical illusions are observed in conditions of fog and clouds, which are located opposite the light source, and are associated with the special refraction and reflection of sunlight by tiny drops of fog. Another condition for their occurrence: the light must come from behind the observer, and he himself must be on a hill.
Bright light phenomenon, which comes from objects with pointed tops (lightning rods, sharp rocks, ship masts, etc.), resembles the fire of violet or blue color. A mirage occurs when air molecules around an object are ionized by its electrical field before, during, or after a thunderstorm. This process contributes to the appearance of an amazing optical effect in the form of a glow, which lasts no longer than 1 minute and can take various shapes from small fireworks to dancing fire.
St. Elmo's Fire often appears on Castle Rock in Scotland, where Edinburgh Castle is located. In addition, they were previously regarded by sailors as a symbol of divine intervention, since they appeared during a storm. The ship's crew saw the bright beams of light as the symbolic hand of St. Elmo (considered the patron saint of sailors), which was considered a sign of the imminent end of bad weather.
"Magnetic" hills
There are hills on planet Earth where amazing things happen: there you can see a car parked at the bottom in neutral rolling up towards the hill. There are versions about the presence in such places of extremely powerful magnetic field, which causes cars to move upward and even throws airplanes off course. In reality, this is an optical illusion: due to the features of the surrounding landscape and minimal (or zero) visibility of the horizon, a slight descent is perceived from the outside as an ascent to the top. Among the most famous such places:
- the village of Karpacz near the border with the Czech Republic (Poland);
- the village of Kačerov in the Orlické Mountains (Czech Republic);
- province of New Brunswick (Canada);
- Mystery Spot in California (USA);
- section of the Leh-Kargil-Batalik highway in the Ladakh region (India).
The most complex type of mirages. The reasons for their occurrence are related to temperature differences, when alternating air layers of different densities appear in the atmosphere, due to the numerous reflection and refraction of light rays, small copies of objects located far beyond the horizon are projected in the sky. Amazing images sometimes overlap each other and alternate quickly, which appears before the eyes as a huge optical illusion.
Interesting fact! The name Fata Morgana (translated from Italian as "Fairy Morgana") is associated with the character of the same name in the Breton epic, who was the rejected lover of Lancelot. According to legend, she moved to the bottom of the sea and frightened sea travelers with ghostly visions.
The most popular manifestation of Fata Morgana is the famous image of a ghost ship " Flying Dutchman", which is encountered by sailors even today. Relatively recently (in 2006), a similar phenomenon appeared before the eyes of thousands of tourists in the city of Penglai on the Chinese east coast. Suddenly, a city with high-rise buildings, wide streets with moving cars and people appeared above the sea surface.
The mirages listed above are truly amazing phenomena that, despite the existence of scientific explanations, seem magical. Without the slightest human intervention, nature is capable of creating optical illusions that people can only admire and try to unravel their origin.
Option #1
| Mirages cannot be captured with a camera or video camera, because they are a trick of the imagination, an optical illusion. |
||
| Most often, travelers see water shimmering ahead in the desert, which is a distorted reflection of the sky in the lower layer of hot air. |
||
| Mirages - optical illusions that occur in the desert - are the result of a special refraction of sunlight by superheated air. |
||
| In the desert, superheated air can refract the sun's rays in a special way, resulting in optical illusions called mirages. |
||
| Optical illusions - mirages - arise as a result of refraction of superheated air. |
Beginning of the form
End of form
Beginning of the form
| 3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word BOTTOM. Determine the meaning in which this word is used LOWER, -yaya, -ee. |
4. In one of the words below there is an error in the placement of stress: WRONG The letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted. Write this word down.
locked
Answer: ___________________________.
5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct a lexical error by choosing
to the highlighted word paronym. Write down the chosen word.
Sometimes rumors are generated by insufficient INFORMATION of those working at the enterprise.
Grishakov left, and now all questions concerning his life become UNANSWERABLE.
A STONE desert stretched around the vast sea, in which cacti grew in groups, covered with large pink flowers.
Despite the hour of dawn, there were a lot of people: some HORSE unit was moving at a pace towards the outpost.
On holidays, all airports in the country are crowded with tourists.
Answer: ___________________________.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake write the word correctly.
kilogram of APPLES
SEVENTY percent
tongues of FLAME
Answer: ___________________________.
7. Match grammatical errors with
sentences in which they are admitted: to each position of the first
column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| GRAMMAR A) violation in construction sentences with participle turnover B) error in construction complex sentence B) violation in construction proposals with inconsistent application D) disruption of communication between subject and predicate D) violation of species and time correlation of verbs | OFFERS Everyone who visited Crimea took with them, after parting with it, vivid impressions of the sea, mountains, southern herbs and flowers. S. Mikhalkov argued that the world of the merchant Zamoskvorechye can be seen on the stage of the Maly Theater thanks to the excellent acting of the actors. The heart freezes for a moment and suddenly starts beating again. In 1885 V.D. Polenov exhibited ninety-seven sketches brought from a trip to the East at a traveling exhibition. In exile, Marina Tsvetaeva often recalled the poetry of Boris Pasternak and admired it. This book taught me to value and respect friends, which I read as a child. The work “The Tale of a Real Man” is based on real events that happened to Alexei Maresyev. Going up to the observation deck The site, you see the city at a glance. The sisters were well versed in both music and painting. |
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
8. Identify the word that is missing unstressed alternating vowel root Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
g..mnazist
tangent
d..delicacy
assumed
unification
Answer: ___________________________.
9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
and..wasted, ra..awakened
pr..strange, pr..off
raz..gral, over..deed
n..load, dis..took
under.. drive, once.. clarified
Answer: ___________________________.
10. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the gap E.
enamel...vy
insomnia
pliable
be honored
guilty..to
Answer: ___________________________.
11. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the gap AND.
meaning..my
comfort..my
gainful
Answer: ___________________________.
12. Identify the sentence in which NOT is written with the word FULL. Open the brackets and write down this word.
Lingonberry bushes are strewn with (UN)RIPED berries.
Even the smell of gasoline (NOT) COULD drown out the aroma of the meadow.
IN THE (NOT) LARGE, but spacious hall it was light and quiet.
The potatoes in the gardens are still (NOT) DIGGED.
(NOT) RECOGNIZING their purpose, the heroes of A.P.’s plays. Chekhov often live their lives mechanically.
Answer: ___________________________.
13. Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written FULL. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
(And) SO, Konstantin claimed that this trip added vitality,
I said the SAME thing.
TO be happy, you need to strive for success and at the SAME time you need to learn nobility in relation to the people around you.
Soon the birds (WITH) ALL fell silent, except for one, which (IN) DISCONTINUANCE with everyone chirped monotonously.
The stranger disappeared around the bend AS suddenly as he appeared, (THUS) it was not possible to see him.
(FINALLY) the rain stopped, but SOMEWHERE there were still heavy masses of partially scattered clouds.
Answer: ___________________________.
14. written NN.
Alexander Blok created a special (1) poetic world, permeated (2) with blue and purple colors, weaved (3) with highlights and filled (4) with amazing melody.
Answer: ___________________________.
| 15. Place punctuation marks. Specify two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences. |
16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in their place
Birds (1) when choosing their (2) life partners (3) attach great importance to the shades of plumage. And if the feathered gentleman does not have (4) the cap characteristic of (5) his fellows, then the chances of receiving favor from the bride are slim.
Answer: ___________________________.
17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in their place
Sentences must contain commas.
Encounters with the art of painting give the joy of discovery (1) exclusively to (2) an attentive and patient viewer. Visiting an art museum (3) for example (4) requires us to be able
and readiness to perceive and experience what is seen.
Answer: ___________________________.
18. Place punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
Gradually (1) a city grew (2) in the name (3) of which (4) the aroma of the red pine trees that surrounded it was preserved.
Answer: ___________________________.
19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in their place
There must be commas in the sentence.
At home, my guest immediately began to complain to me (1) that (2) while he was driving to me (3) he got lost in the forest (4) and was forced to spend the night in the forester’s lodge.
Answer: ___________________________.
Read the text and complete tasks 20-25.
| (1) Man was created to last for centuries, judging by the enormous, incomparable waste of energy. (2) The lion, having killed the antelope, rests for a day in a well-fed sleep. (3) After an hour-long battle with an opponent, a powerful elk stands in the thicket for half a day, frantically moving its sunken sides. (4) Aitmatov’s Karanar accumulated strength for a year to rage, rage and triumph for half a month. (5) For a person, such feats are the brilliance of a moment, for which he pays with such a small fraction of his reserves that he does not need rest at all. (6) The goal of the beast is to live out the time allotted by nature. (7) The amount of energy embedded in it is correlated with this period, and a living creature spends not as much as it wants, but as much as it needs, as if some kind of dosing device is provided in it: the beast does not know desire, it exists according to the law of necessity. (8) Isn’t that why animals don’t suspect that life is finite? (9) The life of animals is the time from birth to death: animals live in absolute time, not knowing that there is also relative time; in this relative time only man can exist. (10) His life never fits into the dates on the gravestone. (11) It is larger, it contains seconds known only to him, which dragged on like hours, and days that flew by like moments. (12) And the higher a person’s spiritual structure, the more opportunities he has to live not only in absolute, but also in relative time. (13) For me, the global super task of art is its ability to prolong human life, saturate it with meaning, teach people to actively exist in relative time, that is, to doubt, feel and suffer. (14) This is about spirituality, but even in ordinary, physical life, a person is given obviously more “fuel” than is needed in order to live according to the laws of nature. (15) Why? (16) For what purpose? (17) After all, in nature everything is reasonable, everything has been verified, tested over millions of years, and even the appendix, as it turned out, is still needed for something. (18) Why is a huge supply of energy many times greater than needs given to man? (19) I asked this question in the fifth or sixth grade, when I got to elementary physics, and decided that it explained everything. (20) And she really explained everything to me then. (21) Except for humans. (22) But I couldn’t explain it. (23) It was here that the straightforward logic of knowledge ended and the frighteningly multivariate logic of understanding began. − (25) For work. “(26) I see,” I said, not understanding anything, but did not ask questions. (27) This property - to agree with the interlocutor not when I have understood everything, but when I have not understood anything - is apparently inherent in me by nature. (28) In everyday life, it always bothered me, because I couldn’t get out of my troubles, writing my own theories, hypotheses, and often laws. (29) But there was still one beneficial side to this strangeness: I remembered without understanding, and got to the bottom of the answers myself; now it’s not so important that most often the answer was wrong. (30) Life requires from a person not answers, but the desire to seek them. (31) I am writing about this only for the sake of two words from my father, which determined the whole meaning of existence for me. (32) This became the main commandment, the alpha and omega of my worldview. (33) And I became a writer, probably not at all because I was born with such brilliance in my eyes, but only because I sacredly believed in the need for persistent, daily, frantic work. (According to B.L. Vasiliev*) * Boris Lvovich Vasiliev(1924-2013) - Soviet writer, prose writer, publicist, public figure, author of the works “The Dawns Here Are Quiet”, “Tomorrow There Was War”, “Not on the Lists”, etc.
|
|||||||||||||||
|
| Answer: ___________________________. 23. Among sentences 6-11, find one that is related to the previous one Answer: ___________________________. Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20-23. This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the numbers of the terms from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter. Write down the sequence of numbers in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of task number 24, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas or other additional characters. Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form. |
Do not forget to transfer all answers to answer form No. 1 in accordance with the instructions for completing the work. End of form
Part 2
To answer this task, use ANSWER FORM No. 2.
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
State one of the problems delivered author of the text.
Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting).
Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).
The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
| For example |
|
| locked |
|
| rocky |
|
| More sonorous or more sonorous |
|
| tangent |
|
| entrance explained |
|
| enamel |
|
| significant |
|
| small |
|
| quite contrary to |
|
| alphaiomega |
|
