Illustrated explanatory dictionary of the Russian language (Dal V.). Dal V.I.

Description: Before the reader is the world's first richly illustrated edition of the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language” by V.I. Dalia. The modern version includes the most vivid and interesting articles that most fully describe the history, life, morals, customs and rituals of the Russian people. The main feature of this publication is color illustrations that create a magnificent visual range (about 1500 illustrations). The reader has the opportunity not only to read Dalev’s interpretations of long-forgotten words, to learn the unusual meanings of already known words, but also to see their visual images on the canvases of famous Russian artists. To illustrate part of the words, not the whole picture is used, but only its detail. If the title of the painting does not contain the word for which the illustration is given, a reference to this word is given after its title, which helps the reader to connect together the illustrative images and interpretations. The dictionary is addressed to a wide range of readers.

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Dictionaries

Dictionary of the living Great Russian language by V. I. Dahl is certainly the most famous Russian Dictionary. Until today, despite the existence of predecessor dictionaries, dialectal, diachronic, slang dictionaries , multi-volume modern lexicographic descriptions, from time to time it turns out that the Dalev Dictionary reflects the Russian language more accurately or completely. This is a collection of Russian vocabulary, relating mainly to dialects and professional jargons, compiled by a self-taught amateur who repeatedly called for writing as we speak, not preaching literacy as salvation, not making any sacrifices for its universal establishment (St. Petersburg Gazette, 1857 , $245), who advocated for the complete ridding of the Russian language from foreign borrowings. The dictionary contains a certain amount of unreliable material (occasional words), sometimes sins against grammar (for example, a prefix is regularly called a preposition), but paradoxically accurately conveys both the linguistic realities of the 19th century and the expressiveness of still existing dialects. In its book version, Dahl's Dictionary becomes a kind of monument with violations of the norms of the modern compiler of the Russian language, increasingly moving away from our contemporaries, despite the colossal number of republications. All reprints were carried out using a reprint method, which preserved not only the publishers’ errors and typesetters’ typos, but also difficulties in deciphering the word search mechanism laid down by the author. In preparing this re-edition, we decided to adapt the Dalev Dictionary, based, in particular, on the fact that it is unlikely that each of us will be able to type a word to search not only in the old, pre-reform graphics, but also in the specific spelling of V. I. Dal . The proposed republication is based on the 2nd edition (1880-1882) and does not preserve the graphical and part of the spelling features of the publication. In our attempt to bring the text closer to modern standards, we respected the fundamental requirements of the author. The characteristic spellings of dialect words, the author's style and punctuation are left unchanged. In particular, by allowing ourselves to re-arrange dictionary entries in the order of the modern alphabet, we preserve the spelling and, accordingly, the place of some dictionary units, even if this contradicts modern norms in the case when V. I. Dal tried to show the sound or origin of the word being explained with such an entry . Nearby, in angle brackets, we placed the same word in its current form, for example. sheromyzhnik. By the way, this, it seems to us, makes it possible not to check yourself every time using a spelling dictionary if you are not sure of your spelling. The release of V. Dahl's Dictionary in modern Russian orthography will allow us to overcome the well-known psychological barrier (especially among the younger generation) that prevents its inclusion in today's practice. Availability search engine turns V. Dahl's Dictionary into an inexhaustible source of quotes, figurative expressions, and sayings.

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal

Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language

Modern spelling of words

Ed. "Citadel", Moscow, 1998
OCR Palek, 1998

Preface

A, the first letter of the Russian alphabet, az. Moscow and the entire south (except for Little Rus') and the west (except for Poland) speak in a high speech, aka, turning the letter o, if it is unaccented, into an incomplete a; the entire north and east are covered in low speech, pronouncing o clearly where it is written. The Moscow dialect, average, but more in a, is accepted as exemplary. There are almost no Russian words starting with the letter a, unless you recognize them as verbs. akat, aukat, aahat and long-acquired ones: hell, artel, ataman, scarlet, etc. In the Regional Dictionary of the Academy, many sayings according to the southern and western dialect are placed under the letter a, whereas they should be written with o, where they are classified here. (It seems that it is necessary to preserve a spelling that would always remind one of the gender and tribe of the word, otherwise it will be a sound without meaning). | To the church and old notation means one; – a thousand; – tmu, or 10 thousand; - legion, or 100 thousand; – leodor, or million; the same signs were used for other counting letters. | In music, a or la, the name of one (sixth) of the seven basic sounds. I read it from basics to basics, everything. He doesn’t know the basics, he doesn’t understand anything. Az and beeches - and all science, talk about easy work. Write basics, letters; sit on the basics, start some science. For az and for beeches, and a pointer in hand. First the basics and the beeches, and then the sciences. There was torment and hassle, but neither the basics nor the beeches, there was no point. Hell and beeches will not save you from torment, i.e. learning, reading and writing. In capital az he spread his legs, see also az.

And, the union, yes, on the contrary, an; however, therefore; then, then; expression of opposition, interrogative, final, etc. Man is one way, but God is another. We sowed rye and mowed quinoa. What do you think? Why don't you want to? The path to prison is wide, but from prison it is narrow. Reads: Thy will be done; but he thinks: once upon a time it’s mine! Give me some bread! - “But wait a minute, let’s plow and sow.” Two mothers, two daughters, and a grandmother and granddaughter, and there are only three of them (mother, daughter and granddaughter). And this happened too. Look first, and then lie. What do you care about him? "Shall we have a drink?" - “Let’s have a drink.” - “Where is the money?” - “What’s your hat for?” In songs and fairy tales, a and how, and and what, and and you never know, etc. | Union if, when, if, will be. If you don't know, don't say so. And once you get caught, then what? | Do you hear, listen, answer. Ivan, oh Ivan! | Int. ah, what, what; what do you need? speak, answer, or something! Do you hear? - A? - Well, why are you silent? | Int. ah, ahti, ah, alas, ba; sometimes pronounced protractedly or doubled. Oh, how big! And if so, then beware of me! Ah, you got it! And then, and here, a threat. Tell me, otherwise it will be bad! And here I am, already! | Int. yes bish. Ah, now I remember; ah, I know. In an abusive proverb: May (your word) be useful to you, but return to your own yard! Or it can be considered both a union and an interjection. | Together, ahead of words, often. and came to us: from Greek, meaning negation: not, without (apathy); from Latin, from, from (ab, abstraction), or to (ad, appeal); from French similarity to something (a la, openwork).

ABA w. Caucasian local, thick and rare white cloth; | a cloak made from it. Abino cloth - ends in the window, rarely, see-through.

LAMPSHAD m. French. an oblique awning for a light, a candle, a lamp for shading; canopy, shade, shade, shield, cap, visor; | oblique openings for windows, from top to bottom, the window is sloped.

ABAZ, ABAS m. Kavk. Persian silver coin, about 20 kopecks. | A wax ball from a church candle, hung by Transcaucasian Christians, as a sign of vow, to the neck or metacarpus. Abaza Chernomorsk a fierce east wind, from the Caucasian coast, dangerous for Danube fishermen. | Bran. stupid bastard. Eh, you dumb base! | Horse brand, known in the Caucasus, probably from the name of a mountain tribe.

ABAIM, ABDAL m. east. (abdal, Persian monk? or both, hug? both, charm?) deceiver, rogue, cheated, entangled.

ABAKA w. architectural the top plate on the capital of a column (at the head of a pillar), plate, slab, board, overlay.

ABANAT, ABANUS? (obanat? obanus?) m. Psk. stubborn, self-willed; abanous, abanous? stubborn, willful. Abathur, abathur? m. Ryaz. Vlad. (ob-turit) stubborn, unhearing, half-witted, grown-up; | insolent, insolent; | sar. blockhead, fool.

ABBOT m. abbot (old opat. With two opates, that is, abbots, or archimandrites) abbot of a Roman Catholic monastery; honorary title of Catholic clergyman. | There was once only one title, for honor and income. Abbess, abbess. Abbatov, belonging to him; abbey, related to them. Abbey Wed. title of abbot; | monastery subordinate to the abbot or | the monastery building itself; to abbey, to be an abbot.

ABBREVIATION, abbreviation g. lat. abbreviation, shortening and omissions in writing; | meaning of words with initial letters, script, conventional signs; | letter under titles.

ABDAL, see abayim.

ABDITION w. lat. renunciation; renunciation of the rank and power of a ruler, abdication of this title; act of abdication, renunciation, renunciation, written record.

ABDRAGAN m. Kaz. orenb. (Tatar? tremble?) fear, fear, apprehension. I was so taken aback that, God forbid, I had legs.

ABEVEGA w. alphabet, initial letter, alphabet.

ABERRATION w. lat. physical friability and scattering of broken rays of light; | astronomer. a visible change in the position of the luminary, from wasting time on reaching us with a ray of light and from the earth running around the sun; break, slope.

ABNYA? and. arch.-whom. marine windlass, ram, woman, shaft, beam, collar (lying) on the bow of the boat, for winding a rope.

ABO, albo union Ryaz., Kur., thief. either, either, or. Either to get it or not to go home (domov, at home), zap.; | Alright, maybe it’s kind of gentle. Either this, or that, or. Or don't you hear? Or, what else, what else. as if not so; as if? Or something, something; | but. Give me something, something. Well, my dad is worse than my father-in-law, though. Anyhow, somehow, anyhow. Somehow the union of the south. zap. so that, in order; | if only; if only. Anyhow, the Tatars took someone who was not sitting. Somehow the leg missed the leg. | Sometimes instead of abo, albo, or, li. Either way, or somehow, somehow. Sometimes, meaning if only he would double: he would be silent, he would not bark, he would not scold; or they add another particle: if he had been asleep, he would have let him drink. Anyway, I didn’t cry. Anyhow interjection. arch. oh, oh, ah, so hot, alas. Anyway, they shaved Ivanushka! To fiddle, to fiddle, to do as long as it gets away with it. Abuse will not lead to good, negligence.

ABODIE? Wed arch. (ordinary? or to encourage?) red day and luck in fishing; opposite sex hopelessness, timelessness. Abodive? it's time, clear, red; | successful, happy?

SUBSCRIBE, subscribe what, or where, in what; French take a place in the spectacle for a period of time; buy the right to read from a bookstore; hire, buy off, feed, take, steal, maintain. I subscribed to the box, subscribed to the theater. The lodge is subscribed, it is subscribed. Subscription Wed. will graduate subscription w. about. action by value verb Subscription m. subscription; also | subscriber's condition. Subscriber or subscriber m. subscriber w. who subscribes, employer, tailor, tenant, farmer, subscriber, keeper.

BOARDING m. Morsk. coupling, the collision of two ships, by accident or in battle; hand-to-hand combat between collapsing and interlocking ships. Boarding weapons, naval melee: guns with bayonets, pistols, spears, cutlasses, intripels, etc. A boarding net, tied from ropes into a finger, rises, when dumping ships, along the entire side as a wall to make an attack difficult.

ABORIGIN M. lat. more commonly used pl. including the first settlers of the region; primitive, primordial, age-old, tribal, indigenous inhabitants; natives, old-timers, first settlers, root-dwellers; opposite sex newcomers, settlers, settlers, immigrants, settlers, new settlers, newcomers, strangers, fellow-travelers, people.

Dictionaries

The Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language by V. I. Dahl is certainly the most famous Russian explanatory dictionary. Until today, despite the existence of predecessor dictionaries, dialect, diachronic, slang dictionaries, multi-volume modern lexicographic descriptions, from time to time it turns out that the Dalev Dictionary reflects the Russian language more accurately or completely. This is a collection of Russian vocabulary, relating mainly to dialects and professional jargons, compiled by a self-taught amateur who repeatedly called for writing as we speak, not preaching literacy as salvation, not making any sacrifices for its universal establishment (St. Petersburg Gazette, 1857 , $245), who advocated for the complete ridding of the Russian language from foreign borrowings. The dictionary contains a certain amount of unreliable material (occasional words), sometimes sins against grammar (for example, a prefix is regularly called a preposition), but paradoxically accurately conveys both the linguistic realities of the 19th century and the expressiveness of still existing dialects. In its book version, Dahl's Dictionary becomes a kind of monument with violations of the norms of the modern compiler of the Russian language, increasingly moving away from our contemporaries, despite the colossal number of republications. All reprints were carried out using a reprint method, which preserved not only the publishers’ errors and typesetters’ typos, but also difficulties in deciphering the word search mechanism laid down by the author. In preparing this re-edition, we decided to adapt the Dalev Dictionary, based, in particular, on the fact that it is unlikely that each of us will be able to type a word to search not only in the old, pre-reform graphics, but also in the specific spelling of V. I. Dal . The proposed republication is based on the 2nd edition (1880-1882) and does not preserve the graphical and part of the spelling features of the publication. In our attempt to bring the text closer to modern standards, we respected the fundamental requirements of the author. The characteristic spellings of dialect words, the author's style and punctuation are left unchanged. In particular, by allowing ourselves to re-arrange dictionary entries in the order of the modern alphabet, we preserve the spelling and, accordingly, the place of some dictionary units, even if this contradicts modern norms in the case when V. I. Dal tried to show the sound or origin of the word being explained with such an entry . Nearby, in angle brackets, we placed the same word in its current form, for example. sheromyzhnik. By the way, this, it seems to us, makes it possible not to check yourself every time using a spelling dictionary if you are not sure of your spelling. The release of V. Dahl's Dictionary in modern Russian orthography will allow us to overcome the well-known psychological barrier (especially among the younger generation) that prevents its inclusion in today's practice. The presence of a search engine turns V. Dahl's Dictionary into an inexhaustible source of quotes, figurative expressions, and sayings.

In its book version, Dahl's Dictionary becomes a kind of monument with violations of the norms of the modern compiler of the Russian language, increasingly moving away from our contemporaries, despite the colossal number of republications. All reprints were carried out using a reprint method, which preserved not only the publishers’ errors and typesetters’ typos, but also difficulties in deciphering the word search mechanism laid down by the author.

In preparing this re-edition, we decided to adapt the Dalev Dictionary, based, in particular, on the fact that it is unlikely that each of us will be able to type a word to search not only in the old, pre-reform graphics, but also in the specific spelling of V. I. Dal . The proposed republication is based on the 2nd edition (1880-1882) and does not preserve the graphical and part of the spelling features of the publication. In our attempt to bring the text closer to modern standards, we respected the fundamental requirements of the author. The characteristic spellings of dialect words, the author's style and punctuation are left unchanged. In particular, by allowing ourselves to re-arrange dictionary entries in the order of the modern alphabet, we preserve the spelling and, accordingly, the place of some dictionary units, even if this contradicts modern norms in the case when V. I. Dal tried to show the sound or origin of the word being explained with such an entry . Nearby, in angle brackets, we placed the same word in its current form, for example. sheromyzhnik. By the way, this, it seems to us, makes it possible not to check yourself every time using a spelling dictionary if you are not sure of your spelling.

The release of V. Dahl's Dictionary in modern Russian orthography will allow us to overcome the well-known psychological barrier (especially among the younger generation) that prevents its inclusion in today's practice. The presence of a search engine turns V. Dahl's Dictionary into an inexhaustible source of quotes, figurative expressions, and sayings.