List of main verbs. Regular English verbs with translation. Regular and irregular verbs

With practice, your vocabulary increases, replete with a variety of not only grammatical structures, but also a huge number of words. And at the same time, speech is transformed, acquiring expressiveness and liveliness. In this article we will look at the most commonly used verbs that will help construct any statement logically.

You probably already know what a verb is: a part of speech that expresses an action, a state and answers the question of what to do. In any phrase, it plays a very important role; without it, not a single sentence exists (remember the clear structure of the sentence). If you want to diversify your speech, you will have to learn more than a dozen English verbs with translations.

Ways to make memorization easier

We will divide all these parts of speech according to the nature of the action, according to what they convey. Better to teach English verbs with translation, consider examples and memorize. And the easiest way to do this is in groups.

1. Verbs of motion form a group of those that convey a change in the state, position of an object or person. Let's look at the table, which presents the main English verbs of this group.

Verb	Translation
Varieties of movements
go	walk
pass	follow, pass by
budge	move, move from place
stir	move, move
travel	travel
move	move
proceed	move, follow
push	push, move
drive	drive
advance	move forward
stop	stop
stick	get stuck
stay	stand
pause	to have a break
roll	roll
revolve	spin around
turn	turn
rotate	rotate around an axis
slide	slide
glid	slide across the surface
slip	slip out
shake	shake
vibrate	vibrate
tremble	tremble
wave	wave your hand
bend	bend
swing	swing
swim	swim
skate	skate
ski	ski
Move up or down
raise	lift up
rise	get up
lift	lift up
climb	climb
elevate	lift up
heave	lift with difficulty
ascend	ascend, rise
lower	let down
drop	fall
fall	fall
sink	go down
descend	to go down
Movement in water
flow	flow
float	don't drown
swim	swim
sail	sail, sail on a ship, boat
dive	dive
plunge	dip
drown	drown
sink	dive
row	row
emerge	float up
Speed
hurry	hurry
speed	racing in a car
race	run, rush
rush	rush
husten	hurry
dash	rush
run	run
fly	fly, rush
crawl	crawl
creep	crawl
tarry	hesitate
linger	linger
slow down	slow down
delay	delay, delay
loiter	hesitate
brake	to brake
Persecution
chase	pursue, pursue
follow	follow
track	track down
hound	pursue, persecute
spy	spy
capture	catch
catch	catch
take	take, seize
arrest	arrest
kidnap	kidnap
escape	run away
flee	run for safety
disappear	disappear
avoid	avoid
evade	dodge
Arrivals/departures
depart	send
go away	leave
leave	leave
withdraw	retire
abandon	leave
retire	retire
arrive	arrive
reach	achieve
come	come
attain	achieve
get	arrive

2. State verbs

Not all verbs convey movement. Some, for example, describe feelings, perceptions, and mental activities. Their main feature is (unlike the previous group) that they cannot emphasize the process or duration of an action, but are used only in special cases, which you can learn about from the article “Verbs not used in the Continuous”.

adore	adore
love	be in love
hate	hate
like	like
dislike	do not like
prefer	prefer
want	want
wish	want
hear	hear
listen	listen
understand	understand
believe	believe
remember	remember
agree	agree
appreciate	value
belong	belong
consists	consist
concern	cares
depend	depend
disagree	Disagree
doubt	doubt
equal	dress
fit	suit
impress	impress
involve	involve
include	include
know	know
matter	to mean
mind	mind
mean	mean
need	need
own	own
promise	promise
realize	realize
seem	seem
regognize	learn
sound	sound
suppose	believe
surprise	surprise

As you can see, there are quite a few English verbs, and that’s not all, but just the main ones. But you shouldn’t memorize them all at once. This will only cause irritation and disgust. Some you already know, and some you will have to learn, 4-5 per week, and believe me, soon your vocabulary will quickly increase in size. This means that you will not only be able to understand more, but also speak.

Today I want to offer a list of the fifty most common and widely used regular verbs in the English language. This selection is suitable for beginners. With these verbs you can build simple everyday phrases that are used in everyday speech.

I will also give some grammatical rules in tables associated with this type of verbs.

What are regular verbs and irregular verbs

IN English language There are two categories of verbs - regular and irregular. The division into these categories is based on the way the form of the simple past tense is formed - Past Simple, and the past participle - Past Participle.

Regular verbs in English - these are those verbs that form the above forms according to general rule.

And it is as follows - the Past Simple and Past Participle forms of regular verbs are formed by adding the ending –ed to the stem of the verb (to the infinitive). For example, the verb ask. We add –ed to it and get – asked, this y will be the form of the past tense and the past participle. They are formed the same way.

The above forms are not formed according to the general rule. Their forms just need to be learned by heart. For example, the verb to begin - begin, has the form began in the Past Simple, and began in the Past Participle.

Features of the formation of Past Simple and Past Participle forms of regular verbs

But there are several grammatical nuances when forming forms with the addition of –ed.

I'll put them in a table for convenience:

Rule	Examples
If the verb in the indefinite form has an ending –e, then there is no need to add an additional –e, just put -d	Lik e-lik ed Decorate-decorated
Final consonant of a verb doubles, if in front of it stands one stressed vowel	Pla n– pla nn ed Prefe r– prefe rr ed Sto p-sto pp ed Despite the stress, in the word travel l– travel ll ed is doubling l, you need to remember In other cases - general rule:cl ea n – cleaned, c oo k – cooked, i ron – ironed
If the verb ends in two vowels and the last one –y, then –ed is added according to the general rule	Pl ay– play ed Delay – delayed
If the verb ends in –y, and in front of her stands consonant, then in this case –y changes to –i and the ending –ed is added	Cr y-cr i ed

In all other cases, the ending –ed is added to the verb without any special features.

Features of reading ending –ed

Again, I will present it in the form of a table:

Selection – 50 regular English verbs with translation

I will give you 50 of the most common regular verbs that it is advisable for beginners to know. I won’t write forms with –ed, but you can practice using the rules described above:

	Word	Transcription	Translation
1.	like		like, love
2.	wash		wash
3.	play		play
4.	study	[ˈstʌdɪ]	study
5.	travel		travel
6.	listen		listen
7.	work		work
8.	watch		look
9.	look		look
10.	live		live
11.	cook		prepare
12.	help		to help
13.	visit	[ˈvɪzɪt]	visit
14.	finish	[ˈfɪnɪʃ]	end
15.	close		close
16.	open	[ˈəʊpən]	open
17.	wait		wait
18.	prefer		prefer
19.	walk		walk, walk
20.	decide		decide
21.	answer	[ˈɑːnsə]	reply
22.	change	[ʧeɪnʤ]	change
23.	cry		scream, cry
24.	love		be in love
25.	hate		hate
26.	stop		Stop
27.	talk		talk, talk
28.	use		use
29.	want		want
30.	believe		believe, trust
31.	carry	[ˈkærɪ]	carry
32.	call		call
33.	explain	[ɪksˈpleɪn]	explain
34.	happen	[ˈhæpən]	happen, happen
35.	move		move, move
36.	need		to need, to be necessary
37.	remember		remember, recall
38.	promise	[ˈprɔmɪs]	promise
39.	start		start off
40.	translate		transfer
41.	worry	[ˈwʌrɪ]	worry
42.	save		save, save, hoard
43.	smile		smile
44.	laugh		laugh
45.	stay		stay, stop (at a hotel)
46.	ask	[ɑːsk]	ask
47.	appear	[əˈpɪə]	appear
48.	allow	[əˈlaʊ]	let
49.	offer	[ˈɔfə]	suggest
50.	hope		hope

If you studied English as a child, then you are familiar with long tables with three forms of irregular verbs from school. But the regular verbs of the English language, despite their frequent use in speech, for some reason are always ignored and not studied in tabular form. And in vain, because they also have special grammatical cases. In addition, by memorizing a whole list of regular verbs, we will expand our lexicon and we will feel more confident when constructing sentences, without a doubt putting any verb in the form required by the context. But first, let’s remember once again what rule gave the name to such verbs.

Forms of regular English verbs

As you remember, in English grammar There are only four verb forms. Two of them do not require close study: we become familiar with the infinitive when we work on learning new words, and the present participle (Participle I) is invariably formed by adding the ending –ing. There remain two forms, according to which the division into regular English verbs and irregular ones occurs.

According to the grammatical norm*, the formation of the Past Simple (simple past) and Participle II (past participle) occurs by adding the ending –ed to the stem of the word. Respectively, appearance these verb forms are of the same type.

*Exceptions to this rule are precisely the class of irregular verbs.

But not everything is as simple as it seems at first glance. Adding an ending has its own phonetic and grammatical nuances associated with linguistic features. The following grammar table will help you avoid incorrect formation and pronunciation of past tense forms.

Grammar rules
Rule	Example
For verbs ending in -e, the final vowel is not doubled, i.e. only the letter d is added.	ti e-tie d (tie) lik e–like d (like) queu e–queue d (stand in line)
If a word has one syllable and it ends with a consonant, then it is doubled.	kni t–kni tted (to knit) pla n– pla nned (to plan) ro b– ro bbed (rob)
The final l when adding an ending always requires duplication.	travel l– travel lled (travel)
Verbs ending " consonant+y", replace the last letter with i.	t ry-t Ried (try) hur ry– hur Ried (hurry) car ry– car Ried (carry)
Words ending in –y with a preceding vowel usually add the ending –ed.	enj oh– enj oyed (enjoy) st ay– st ayed (stand) pray – pra yed (pray)
Pronunciation nuances
The ending is pronounced as a voiced d if it is preceded by a voiced sound.	live-li ved (live) phone - phon ed (call)
The ending is pronounced as a voiceless t if it is preceded by a voiceless sound.	swap – swap ped (exchange) finish – finish shed (end)
The ending is pronounced as a voiced id if preceded by the letters d or t.	study – stu died (study) wait-wai ted (wait)

Now we are familiar with all the important points related to the correct formation of verb forms. It's time to get acquainted with the popular representatives of this class of verbs. The table below will present the most common regular verbs with translation and their pronunciation in English.

Regular English verbs – 50 words with transcription and translation

So, we bring to your attention the basic regular verbs in English with transcription and translation.

Top 50 Regular English Verbs
Infinitive	Past Simple= Past Participle	Transcription	Translation
agree	agreed	[əˈɡriː – əˈɡriːd]	agree
allow	allowed	[əˈlaʊ – əˈlaʊd]	allow
answer	answered	[‘ɑːnsə - ɑːnsəd]	reply
arrive	arrived	[əˈraɪv – əˈraɪvd]	arrive
believe	believed		believe
call	called		call, call
close	closed		close
cook	cooked		prepare
copy	copied	[ˈkɒpi – ˈkɒpid]	copy
cry	cried		scream, cry
decide	decided		decide
defend	defended		protect
discuss	discussed		discuss
dry	dried		dry
explain	explained	[ɪkˈspleɪn – ɪkˈspleɪnd]	explain
happen	happened	[ˈhæpən — ˈhæpənd]	happen, happen
help	helped		to help
invite	invited	[ɪnˈvaɪt - ɪnˈvaɪtɪd]	invite
jump	jumped		jump
listen	listened	[ˈlɪsn – ˈlɪsnd]	listen
look	looked		look
love	loved		be in love
manage	managed		manage, cope
marry	married		marry
move	moved		move, move around
need	needed		need
offer	offered	[ˈɒfə – ˈɒfəd]	suggest
open	opened	[ˈəʊpən — ˈəʊpənd]	open
play	played		play
prefer	preferred		prefer
prepare	prepared		ready
promise	promised		promise
reach	reached		achieve
realize	realized	[ˈriːəlaɪz - ˈriːəlaɪzd]	understand, realize
remember	remembered		remember, recall
return	returned		come back
save	saved		keep
smile	smiled		smile
start	started		start off
stop	stopped		stop
surprise	surprised		surprise
switch	switched		switch
talk	talked		talk, chat
thank you	thanked	[θæŋk - θæŋkt]	thank
translate	translated		transfer
use	used		to use, to use
want	wanted		want, desire
watch	watched		look
work	worked		work
worry	worried	[ˈwʌri – ˈwʌrɪd]	worry, worry

Congratulations, we have studied over 50 words if we take into account the example verbs used in the theoretical part. Now you not only know what regular English verbs are in theory, but you can also give many practical examples of them. Be sure to continue to improve your English and see you in new classes!

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We continue our conversation about irregular verbs in English. It is very difficult to answer the question of how many irregular verbs there are in English, because there are a lot of such verbs. Today I would like to consider the 100 most frequently used irregular verbs in speech. English is a language with 10% rules and 90% exceptions.

As you remember, irregular verbs in English have their own form for the simple past tense (Past Simple), as well as for the perfect present tense ( Present Perfect) and long past tense (Past Perfect). Whereas in ordinary verbs we add the ending to the stem -ed to get Past Simple. The first form of a verb is the infinitive or initial form, the second form corresponds to the Past Simple, and the third form is used in the Present Perfect and Past Perfect.

Past Simple and irregular verbs

Most often in colloquial speech, the Past Simple is used to express actions in the past tense. This is done not only by beginners in English, but also by the British themselves. The English do not always follow the English Sequence of Tenses, that is, the agreement of verb tenses in a sentence, because it is inconvenient for everyday speech. It is not very comfortable to use verbs in complex tenses; it is much easier to use the Past Simple. Coordinating the tenses of verbs in a sentence is a matter for linguists.

For example, it is much more convenient to say: She said that she met . What to say: She said that she had met him the day before yesterday. “She said she met him the day before yesterday.”

Although linguistically, the Past Perfect is required here, since she met him before she said it, that is, the Past Perfect shows in this sentence a past action that happened before another past action. However, it is much more convenient to use the Past Simple in both the main and dependent clauses, rather than painfully searching for auxiliary verbs.

Basic irregular verbs in English

Now we will present several tables in which you will find the main 100 irregular verbs most often used in speech. These are the most common Irregular Verbs, which may be useful to a beginner in conversation. We think that 100 words are not that difficult to learn, especially in the Past Simple. And to make your task easier, we will consider examples of their use in the past tense in various sentences.

So, the most used 100 irregular English verbs. For greater convenience, we will break it down into every ten verbs.

be	was, were	been	be
bear	bore	born, borne	give birth
beat	beat	beaten	beat
become	became	become	become, become
begin	began	begun	begin
bind	bound	bound	to tie
bleed	bled	bled	bleed
bless	blessed	blessed, shine	bless
blow	blew	blown, blown	blow
break	broke	broken	break

For example:
I didn't see Tom, because he was(Past Simple) busy that day.- I didn’t see Tom because he was busy that day.
My mother blessed me and I went away. — My mother blessed me and I left.
The vase I bought last week is broken. — The vase I bought broke.

bring	brought	brought	bring
build	built	built	build
burn	burnt, burned	burnt, burned	burn, burn
buy	bought	bought	buy
can	could	- / been able	be able to, be able to
catch	caught	caught	catch, catch
choose	chose	chosen	choose
come	came	come	come
cost	cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut	cut

For example:
I've brought the book you asked for. - I brought the book you asked for.
He built the most beautiful house I’ve ever seen. - He built the most beautiful house that I've ever seen.
Yesterday that dress cost cheaper, today it is much more expensive. - Yesterday that dress was cheaper, but today it is much more expensive.
Sue cut the cake in two pieces and gave one to her brother. — Sue cut the cake into two parts and gave one to her brother.

deal	dealt	dealt	deal with
do	did	done	do
draw	drew	drawn	drag, draw
drink	drank	drunk	drink, have a drink
drive	drove	driven	drive, go
eat	ate	eaten	eat, eat
fall	fell	fallen	fall
feel	felt	felt	feel
fight	fought	fought	fight, fight
find	found	found	find

For example:
I did everything you wanted.- I did everything you wanted.
Mum, I drew a picture of our family! - Mom, I drew a picture of our family!
Kate felt herself bad yesterday.- Katya felt bad yesterday.
I've found a new job! — I found a new job!

fly	flew	flown	fly
forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive
get	got	got	get
go	went	gone	go, leave
grow	grew	grown	grow
have	had	had	have
hear	heard	heard	listen
hide	hid	hidden	hide
hit	hit	hit	hit, hit

For example:
I forgot to call you. - I forgot to call you.
I've got a letter from my friend. — I received a letter from a friend.
We went shopping yesterday. — Yesterday we went shopping.
Tom grew older. - Tom has matured.
Kate had a very terrible headache yesterday. — Katya had a terrible headache yesterday.
Have you heard the latest news? - Have you heard the latest news?

hold	held	held	hold
hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt
keep	kept	kept	keep
know	knew	known	know
lay	laid	laid	put
lead	led	led	lead
learn	learned, learned	learned, learned	learn
leave	left	left	leave
lend	tape	tape	borrow
let	let	let	let in, give

For example:
I kept a little money for you. — I saved some money for you.
Tom has learn the passage by heart. — Tom learned the passage by heart.
He let him go. - He let him go.

lie	lay	lain	lie
light	lit, lighted	lit, lighted	illuminate
lose	lost	lost	lose
make	made	made	do
may	might	might	be able, have the opportunity
mean	meant	meant	mean
meet	met	met	meet
pay	paid	paid	to pay
prove	proved	proven, proven	prove, prove
put	put	put	put

For example:
I've lost my diary. — I lost my diary.
Made in China. - Made in China.
She might come to us, but she was busy. “She could have come to us, but she was busy.”
What did you mean? I meant that you could help me. - What did you mean? I meant that you could help me.
Tim paid$2000 for his car. — Tim paid $2000 for his car.
Kate put on her coat, because it’s cold outside. — Katya put on her coat because it’s cold outside.

read	read, red	read, red	read
ring	rank	rung	call
rise	rose	risen	rise
run	ran	run	run, flow
saw	sawed	sawn, sawed	to nag
say	said	said	talk, say
see	saw	seen	see
sell	sold	sold	sell
send	sent	sent	send
set	set	set	install

For example:
I saw the rainbow in the sky. — I saw a rainbow in the sky.
She said that she was busy then. “She said she was busy then.”
I've just read the book. — I just read a book.
The man who sold the world. - The man who sold the world.
He sent me a letter. — He sent me a letter.

shake	shook	shaken	shake
shave	shaved	shaved, shaven	shave
shine	shone, shined	shone, shined	shine, shine
shoot	shot	shot	shoot, escape
show	showed	shown, showed	show
shut	shut	shut	close
sing	sang	sung	sing
sit	sat	sat	sit
sleep	slept	slept	sleep
slide	slide	slide	slide

For example:
He shook the bottle and drank. “He shook the bottle and drank.
Tom sang a song. — Tom sang a song.
He slept till the morning. — He slept until the morning.

smell	smelt, smelled	smelt, smelled	smell, sniff
speak	spoke	spoken	speak
spend	spent	spent	spend, spend
spread	spread	spread	spread
stand	stood	stood	stand
steal	stole	stolen	steal
stick	stuck	stuck	prick, stick
sting	stung	stung	sting
swear	swore	sworn	swear, swear
swim	swam	swum	swim

For example:
She spoke with me angry. — She spoke to me angrily.
We spent our vacation in Italy. — We spent our holidays in Italy.
We swam in the river, it was great. — We swam in the river, it was great.

take	took	taken	take, take
teach	taught	taught	learn
tell	told	told	tell, tell
think	thought	thought	think
throw	threw	thrown	quit
understand	understood	understood	understand
wake	woke up	woken up	wake up, wake up
wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
win	won	won	win
write	wrote	written	write

For example:
I told him everything. - I told him everything.
I thought of you. - I thought about you.
Tom understood that he was wrong. - Tom realized that he was wrong.
We have won this contest! - We won this competition!
I wrote him a letter. — I wrote him a letter.

Well, these were the 100 most common, 100 most frequent, 100 most used irregular verbs in the English language. These are precisely the irregular verbs that are most often used in everyday conversation.

But don’t think that the English language is full of pitfalls. Once you learn these verbs, you will see how you will immediately become friends with them.

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When learning English, special attention should be paid to verbs. Firstly, the more verbs you know, the easier it will be for you to express your thoughts in English. After all, if any noun can be replaced by a pronoun, then the verb as a part of speech denoting an action or state cannot be replaced with anything. Secondly, it is impossible to communicate in English without having an understanding of the English verb tense system.

English verbs can be divided into four main groups:

• Semantic - express an action, a process, therefore they are always translated into Russian.
• Auxiliary - do not express actions and are not translated. They are used to form interrogative and negative sentences and complex verb forms.
• Modal - they express not the action itself, but the attitude towards it (should, can, etc.) They, as a rule, are translated.
• Linking verbs - do not express action, serve to connect the subject and the nominal part of the predicate, show tense, number and person.

In addition, verbs are divided into regular and irregular. Irregular Verbs- these are verbs in which the past tense form (Past tense form), as well as the past participle form (Past participle), is formed differently from regular verbs. Regular verbs form these forms by adding –ed to the first form. Forms of irregular verbs need to be learned by heart, especially since they include the most common verbs of everyday speech. As a rule, these verbs are in English-Russian dictionaries, where they are often presented in the form of special lists.

The initial form of all verbs is infinitive, i.e. indefinite form of the verb (answers the question “what to do?”, “what to do?”). Before undef. The form of the verb usually includes the particle to, which is not translated in any way. Example: to read - to read.

Peculiarity English sentences is such that it always contains a verb. Example: He is a student. - He (is) a student. We see that if there is no verb in a Russian sentence, then in it English version there is a verb is - a linking verb.

Linking verb TO BE

The most common copula verb is the verb to be(to be, to be) This verb has several forms that depend on tense, number, person. Forms of the verb to be:

pronoun	present tense form	past tense form	future tense form
I	am	was	Shall be
we	are	were	shall be
he	is	was	will be
she	is	was	will be
it	is	was	will be
they	are	were	will be
you	are	were	will be

shall, will – auxiliary verbs of the future tense. The above verb forms must be learned by heart. The linking verb to be means “to be”, “to appear” and is most often not translated. Example: I am a pupil. - I (am) a student. I was a pupil. – I was a student.

Modal verbs (can, may, must)

Modal verbs express not an action, but an attitude towards an action (necessity, probability of some action). These verbs are usually not used independently and are usually placed before the semantic verb. Let's look at three main modal verbs.

Modal verb can(could – past tense form) – be able, be able, can, can, etc.
Examples: He can speak English. - He can (can) speak English.
Modal verb may(might – past tense form) – can, I can, you can, etc.
Examples: You may take the book. – You can take this book.

The verbs can and may should not be confused. The verb can implies the physical ability to do something, the ability to do something. The verb may means possibility, assumption. It is used to ask for permission or to give permission.

Modal verb must(there is no past tense form) – should, should, must, etc.
Examples: I must stop smoking. – I have to stop smoking.

Features of these modal verbs

• The particle to is not placed before modal verbs, and the particle to is not placed after either modal verbs before semantic verbs in the indefinite form. Example: We must read. - We must read.
• The modal verb comes before the form of the main verb.
• Modal verbs do not receive the ending -s in the 3rd person singular form of the Present Simple.
• These modal verbs are used without the participation of any auxiliary verbs.
• When forming interrogative and negative sentences, the use of modal verbs has its own characteristics, which I will discuss in the appropriate section.

There are several other modal verbs in English that I am not covering here.