Select 5 parts of the Urals on the contour map. Ural mountains. ferrous metals, building materials
The length of the Ural Mountains from north to south is more than 2000 km, width - from 50 to 150 km. The Urals are the border between Europe and Asia. The nature of the Urals is unusually diverse - from the blue tundras and harsh alpine peaks of the Polar Urals to the fertile
plowed steppes of the Southern Urals.
1) On the contour map of the Urals (p. 93), write down the names of its main parts: Polar, Subpolar, Northern, Middle, Southern, and also show the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals.
2) Determine the geographic coordinates of the extreme points of the Urals:
northern 68°N, 65°E
southern 53°N, 57°E
3) What is the name of the highest peak of the Urals? How tall is she?
Answer: Narodnaya (1895 m)
4) Which part of the Ural Mountains is the highest?
Answer: Subpolar part
5) Which part of the Ural Mountains is the lowest?
Answer: Middle part
6) Determine which mineral resources the Urals are especially rich in. Explain why.
7) Using the atlas maps and the text of the textbook, determine what differences exist in climatic conditions:
a) Northern and Southern Urals
Northern: large amount of precipitation, area of excessive moisture,
winter is mild, snowy and long. Summer is cold, rainy, cool.
Southern: cold winters, warm, dry summers, insufficient precipitation
b) Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals
different amounts of precipitation. The climate of the Urals is less severe. In the Urals
Spruce forests are common
+ State the reasons for the differences:
The Ural Mountains are an obstacle to the Atlantic air masses
8) On the outline map of the Urals (p. 93), highlight the cities whose names
they talk about the presence of mineral deposits near them.
"Ural Crossroads"
Geography teacher
MKOU "Sittsevkaya Secondary School" I.Yu. Zvonareva
- To form students’ understanding of the geographical location, borders, size of the Chelyabinsk region and its resources.
Lesson objectives aimed at achieving educational results:
- Personal - education of Russian civic identity, patriotism, respect for the native land, awareness of one’s belonging to the residents of the Chelyabinsk region;
- meta-subject – development of skills to establish cause-and-effect relationships, build logical reasoning and draw conclusions;
- subject – develop the ability to work with a map, describe the position and relative position of geographical objects, characterize the region’s geographical area, its borders in terms of their accessibility, name neighbors; provision of natural resources to individual territories of the region.
- Answer the questions Page. 6 Practice and write down the answers on the outline map.
- 1.What continent is Russia located on? (Atlas 6th grade, wall map of the world)
- 2. Using the physical map of Russia, determine in which part the Ural Mountains are located. What direction do the mountains have? (60°E)
- 3.Where in the Urals is the Chelyabinsk region located? Determine the latitude of Chelyabinsk, Moscow?
- 4.What natural planetary boundaries passes through the Chelyabinsk region? (page 26 textbook
- "Local history 6th grade")
At the border of the two parts of the world, Europe and Asia, lies an amazing region - the Urals.
Chelyabinsk region is the southern part of the Urals.
Our region is located in the center of the Eurasian continent, at a great distance from the seas and oceans. The peculiarity of the meridional location of the Ural Mountains predetermined its climate, especially in the Trans-Urals.
The first border between parts of the world - Europe and Asia.
The conditional border is drawn along the watershed ridges of the Ural Mountains and along the Ural River.
5. Draw on the contour map the border “between parts of the world - Europe and Asia” Kalyan Ridge, upper Ufa River, Zlatoust, Ural,
Verkhneuralsk
Magnitogorsk
6. On page 6 of the Workshop, find the answer to the question: “Who first proposed dividing the Eurasian continent into parts of the world?”
- The modern division of the Eurasian continent is based on justifications made by
- Tatishchev V. N.
- “... I consider these mountains to be the best natural separation of these two parts of the world,” he wrote in 1736, while in the Southern Urals.
TATISHCHEV Vasily Nikitich(1686-1750) Russian historian, statesman. In 1720-22 and 1734-37 he managed state-owned factories in the Urals.
Subsequently, memorial signs were installed. The first of them, the “Europe - Asia” obelisk, was erected in 1892 at the pass across the Ural ridge near Zlatoust.
This obelisk was made according to the design of the railway engineer and writer N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky. (1852 – 1906)
7. On page 6 of the Workshop
Find which roads intersect here.
Show on the map of the Chelyabinsk region. What goods are transported?
South Ural Railway, which is a branch of the Trans-Siberian Railway, length 4562 km,
connecting the West and the East of the country.
The predominant cargo transported by rail is mineral raw materials (coal, iron ore),
ferrous metals, building materials,
cars,
bread, forest,
petroleum products and much more.
In the south of our region, the border runs along the Ural River. Therefore, bridges in Verkhneuralsk and Magnitogorsk across the Ural River have become a kind of geographical landmark.
8. Sign on the outline map
Zlatoust, Ural,
Verkhneuralsk
Magnitogorsk
The second planetary border between the Urals and Siberia passes through the city of Chelyabinsk.
The western and northwestern parts of the region are located in the Ural mountainous country.
The eastern and southeastern territories gravitate towards the West Siberian Lowland (flat plain with lakes and wetlands)
9.Apply to the contour map
Chelyabinsk
So I will find our region on the map of Russia...
On the border of the Middle and………Urals.
In the center of the country
13.Using page 27 of the textbook
“Local history 6th grade” determine the boundaries of the Chelyabinsk region and label it on the outline map
The total length of the region's borders is 2,750 km.
- In the north, our region borders with the Sverdlovsk region (260 km.)
- In the east - from the Kurgan region. (410 km.)
- In the south - from the Orenburg region. (200 km.)
- In the west – with Bashkortostan (1150 km).
- In the southeast, the border passes with Kazakhstan (730 km).
490 km
400 km
The Chelyabinsk region covers an area
88.5 thousand sq. km
From north to south, the territory of the region stretches for 490 km. (from 51 ° 57 ′ up to 56 ° 22 ′ N. latitude)
And from west to east – 400 km. (from 57 ° 05 ′ up to 63 ° 25 ′ v.d.)
15.Indicate latitudes on the contour map.
Extreme points of the region :
Northern – on the border with the Sverdlovsk region, the northernmost settlement is the village of Podkorytova (Kaslinsky district)
Eastern – on the border with the Kurgan region, the easternmost settlement is the village of Krutoyarsky (Oktyabrsky district)
South – on the border with Kazakhstan, near the village of Siny Shikhan (Bredinsky district)
Western – on the border with Bashkortostan, near the village of Tochilny (Asha district)
16. Use the letters S, S, E, W to indicate the extreme points of the area, find the names in the text on pages 25-26 of the textbook.
The highest point of the region is the city of Bolshoi Nurgush (1406 m above sea level) on the Nurgush ridge (Satkinsky district).
17. Show on the map the highest and lowest point of the Chelyabinsk region
The lowest place in the region is on the eastern border along the Uy River (100 m above sea level)
19. Determine the direction and distance from Chelyabinsk to Moscow
- It is located in the center of the Eurasian continent, at a great distance from the seas and oceans.
- Located in both Europe and Asia.
- It is located in the mountainous Middle and Southern Urals and on the West Siberian Plain.
- The meridian direction of the Ural Mountains passes through our region and forms the watershed of the rivers.
- Three natural zones converge in our region.
- On federal roads, goods are transported from west to east and vice versa.
- The Chelyabinsk region is located at the “Ural crossroads” geographical, historical, and natural.
- Currently, the region occupies an area of ... thousand sq. km and extends from south to north for ... km, from west to east - for ... km.
- The total length of the region’s borders is ... km.
- Name and show on the map the regions, republics and states with which our region borders. The Chelyabinsk region borders in the north with….., in the southeast with…, in the east with….., in the west with…….
- The Chelyabinsk region consists of...districts and....
- The region is home to...the urban population...and the rural population is...%?
- Answer the questions.
- Master the contents of the textbook and notes in the notebook.
- Textbook REGIONAL STUDIES. 6TH GRADE.
- § 4, pp. 25-28.
Ural Mountains- a unique natural object for our country. You probably shouldn’t think too hard to answer the question why. The Ural Mountains are the only mountain range that crosses Russia from north to south, and are the border between two parts of the world and the two largest parts (macroregions) of our country - European and Asian.
Geographical location of the Ural Mountains
The Ural Mountains stretch from north to south, mainly along the 60th meridian. In the north they bend towards the northeast, towards the Yamal Peninsula, in the south they turn towards the southwest. One of their features is that the mountainous area expands as you move from north to south (this is clearly visible on the map on the right). In the very south, in the region of the Orenburg region, the Ural Mountains connect with nearby elevations, such as General Syrt.
No matter how strange it may seem, the exact geological border of the Ural Mountains (and therefore the exact geographical border between Europe and Asia) still cannot be accurately determined.
The Ural Mountains are conventionally divided into five regions: Polar Urals, Subpolar Urals, Northern Urals, Middle Urals and Southern Urals.
To one degree or another, part of the Ural Mountains is captured by the following regions (from north to south): Arkhangelsk region, Komi Republic, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Perm Territory, Sverdlovsk Region, Chelyabinsk Region, Bashkortostan Republic, Orenburg Region , as well as part of Kazakhstan.
Professor D.N. Anuchin wrote back in the 19th century about the diversity of landscapes in the Urals:
“From the Konstantinovsky Stone in the north to the Mugodzharsky Mountains in the south, the Urals exhibit different characters in different latitudes. Wild, with rocky peaks in the north, it becomes forested, with more rounded outlines in the middle part, again acquiring rockiness in the Kyshtym Urals, and especially near Zlatoust and further, where the high Iremel rises. And these lovely lakes of the Trans-Urals, bordered on the west by a beautiful line of mountains. These rocky shores of Chusovaya with its dangerous “fighters”, these Tagil rocks with their mysterious “pisanians”, these beauties of the southern, Bashkir Urals, how much material they provide for a photographer, painter, geologist, geographer!
Origin of the Ural Mountains
The Ural Mountains have a long and complex history. It begins back in the Proterozoic era - such an ancient and little-studied stage in the history of our planet that scientists do not even divide it into periods and eras. About 3.5 billion years ago, at the site of the future mountains, a rupture of the earth's crust occurred, which soon reached a depth of more than ten kilometers. Over the course of almost two billion years, this rift widened, so that about 430 million years ago an entire ocean, up to a thousand kilometers wide, was formed. However, soon after this, the convergence of lithospheric plates began; The ocean disappeared relatively quickly, and mountains formed in its place. This happened about 300 million years ago - this corresponds to the era of the so-called Hercynian folding.
New large uplifts in the Urals resumed only 30 million years ago, during which the Polar, Subpolar, Northern and Southern parts of the mountains were raised by almost a kilometer, and the Middle Urals by about 300-400 meters.
Currently, the Ural Mountains have stabilized - there are no major movements of the earth's crust observed here. However, to this day they remind people of their active history: from time to time earthquakes occur here, and very large ones (the strongest had an amplitude of 7 points and was recorded not so long ago - in 1914).
Features of the structure and relief of the Urals
From a geological point of view, the Ural Mountains are very complex. They are formed by rocks of various types and ages. In many ways, the features of the internal structure of the Urals are related to its history, for example, traces of deep faults and even sections of oceanic crust are still preserved.
The Ural Mountains are medium and low in height, the highest point is Mount Narodnaya in the Subpolar Urals, reaching 1895 meters. In profile, the Ural Mountains resemble a depression: the highest ridges are located in the north and south, and the middle part does not exceed 400-500 meters, so that when crossing the Middle Urals, you may not even notice the mountains.
View of the Main Ural Range in the Perm Territory. Photo by Yulia Vandysheva
We can say that the Ural Mountains were “unlucky” in terms of height: they were formed during the same period as Altai, but subsequently experienced much less strong uplifts. The result is that the highest point in Altai, Mount Belukha, reaches four and a half kilometers, and the Ural Mountains are more than two times lower. However, this “elevated” position of Altai turned into a danger of earthquakes - the Urals in this regard are much safer for life.
Typical vegetation of the mountain tundra belt in the Ural Mountains. The picture was taken on the slope of Mount Humboldt (Main Ural Range, Northern Urals) at an altitude of 1310 meters. Photo by Natalya Shmaenkova
The long, continuous struggle of volcanic forces against the forces of wind and water (in geography, the former are called endogenous, and the latter - exogenous) created a huge number of unique natural attractions in the Urals: rocks, caves and many others.
The Urals are also famous for their huge reserves of minerals of all types. These are, first of all, iron, copper, nickel, manganese and many other types of ores, building materials. The Kachkanar iron deposit is one of the largest in the country. Although the metal content in the ore is low, it contains rare but very valuable metals - manganese and vanadium.
In the north, in the Pechora coal basin, hard coal is mined. There are also precious metals in our region - gold, silver, platinum. Undoubtedly, Ural precious and semi-precious stones are widely known: emeralds mined near Yekaterinburg, diamonds, gems from the Murzinsky strip, and, of course, Ural malachite.
Unfortunately, many valuable old deposits have already been developed. The “Magnetic Mountains,” containing large reserves of iron ore, have been turned into quarries, and the reserves of malachite have been preserved only in museums and in the form of separate inclusions on the site of old mines - it is hardly possible to find even a three-hundred-kilogram monolith now. Nevertheless, these minerals largely ensured the economic power and glory of the Urals for centuries.
Text © Pavel Semin, 2011
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