Specialty: pedagogy and psychology. Psychological and pedagogical education: who to work with? Why does someone who counsels clients need psychotherapy?

Pedagogy and psychology of deviant behavior are studied by university students preparing to work with so-called difficult children. Currently, the profession is quite in demand, since the number of dysfunctional families is growing, the economic situation is difficult, and the behavior of the younger generation is not well affected by dominance computer games and other online entertainment.

Pedagogy and psychology of deviant behavior is a specialty that not everyone can handle. We need to prepare for the fact that we will have to deal with difficult and even egregious cases when a child behaves antisocially, causes physical or moral harm to others, or violates the most basic social norms.

It is this behavior that is called deviant, and the task of the teacher and psychologist in one person is to correct it as much as possible. To become a good specialist, you must have high motivation, strong nerves, a diplomatic character and truly love children.

While studying at a university, future psychologists and teachers of deviant behavior master the following skills:

Identifying the causes of deviations as early stages, and in extremely advanced cases;

Correction mental state wards;

Prevention of deviant behavior among students in schools and other educational institutions;

Identification of difficult children, as well as persons who have a negative influence on them;

Organization useful leisure the younger generation;

Registration of troubled teenagers;

Working with parents and persons replacing them.

Specialty “Pedagogy and psychology of deviant behavior”: who to work with

Graduates of relevant universities can occupy the following positions:

Correction teacher;

Juvenile Affairs Inspector;

Psychologist in educational institutions;

Social worker specializing in minors;

Family specialist;

Conflict specialist;

Guardianship officer;

Rehabilitologist;

Valeologist, etc.

Today, many universities train specialists in working with difficult children. There are about ten such educational institutions in Moscow alone. In particular, it trains specialists in pedagogy and psychology of deviant behavior at Moscow State University, where the best teaching staff are gathered, and the quality of education is beyond doubt. The university provides tuition on a paid and free basis, on a full-time basis.

Today, in order to enter the Faculty of Psychology at Moscow State University, you need to have a passing score of 277. Graduates of one of the best universities in the country easily find work and have every chance of getting leadership positions. The salary of specialists in pedagogy and psychology of deviant behavior in Russia ranges from 25 to 40 thousand rubles, depending on experience, qualifications and the specific organization. This is not a lot of money, but this area is mainly used by people who strive, first of all, for self-realization, love children and want to benefit society.

The work of a teacher-psychologist often remains in the shadow of the student’s glory, but the realization that the student has achieved success in life or in work or study is the best reward and the highest degree of recognition of teaching work. What requirements must be made of yourself in order to earn the right to teach and educate others? Who will teach you to touch people's souls and illuminate the right path for them in life?

pedagogy and psychology are among the most ancient and significant professions. Pedagogy is the art of education, and psychology is the science of the soul. In this interpretation, these professions appeared in Ancient Greece, and since then these definitions have not been questioned, as has the importance of the profession of educational psychologist. Of course, every work and every specialty is important for society, but the right to touch a soul and lead it along the path of life is a huge honor and responsibility for a person who has decided to devote his life to the art of educating human souls.

What requirements must be made of yourself in order to earn the right to teach and educate others? Who will teach you to touch people's souls and illuminate the right path for them in life?

Who is an educational psychologist?

This is an employee of an educational organization who is responsible for the social adaptation of children, their psychological development and behavior. Considering the knowledge that psychology and pedagogy provide and the etymology of the name of the profession (teacher - from the Greek paid agogos (educator/mentor); psychologist - from the Greek psyche (soul)), a person who owns this knowledge can be called, for example, an educator of human souls. This definition of a profession will not sound too pretentious - it only emphasizes the importance of the profession and reminds us of the degree of responsibility for one’s work.

The norms of behavior existing in society require each person to comply certain rules. Raising a personality that corresponds to generally accepted moral standards is the main task of an educational psychologist. In addition, having mastered the profession, understanding the hidden motives of people’s behavior, the educational psychologist helps students understand themselves, create the necessary model of behavior that will help in solving life’s tasks and problems. In particular:

Each personality is unique in nature, and sometimes this factor becomes a stumbling block in human relationships. An experienced teacher-psychologist can determine the nature of interpersonal conflict and help find mutual understanding between people.
Each model of individual behavior is determined by various factors - biological, social, psychological. The task of an educational psychologist is to analyze a person’s actions, find hidden mechanisms of behavior and correct them. What does it mean? Pupil - full-fledged participant educational process , and the psychologist is obliged to explain to him what the problem is so that the solution to it becomes the internal conviction of the pupil or the person who seeks help.
An educational psychologist helps a person find necessary and socially acceptable ways to achieve goals, helps in organizing necessary conditions for implementation.

Specialists in the field of pedagogy and psychology are a sought-after profession that is becoming increasingly popular in various industries, except those where assistance in social adaptation and personality education is the main task.

Today, educational psychologists are in demand:

in preschool and school institutions;
in social services and law enforcement agencies;
in the healthcare system;
at various enterprises where work is related to certain tasks, and employees need professional help.

In addition, an educational psychologist who is fluent in the skills of the profession can work individually.

What personal qualities should an educational psychologist have?

Knowledge of psychology can be compared to a powerful weapon that gives certain advantages to the person who owns it. But the power and ability to exert a psychological influence on people requires a high spiritual organization and a sense of responsibility. This is the first and most important quality that should be inherent in an educational psychologist.

The main tool of work for every educational psychologist is the word. In order to convey the necessary information to a listener or student and make it a personal conviction, you need a huge vocabulary and knowledge from the field of literature, art, and history in order to present your arguments using well-known examples, vividly and figuratively. A teacher-psychologist is a comprehensively developed and educated person; this is the second important condition for successful work.

Specifics work of an educational psychologist is that its services are needed by people of any age, regardless of gender, social status, etc. In this regard, the specialist must:

Constant work with people, especially with those who experience certain difficulties in adapting to society, requires stress resistance. But even more important is to love people and your profession: without an internal need to help people, it would be wiser to look for another calling in life.

Advantages of the profession of educational psychologist

Real and greatest advantage of the profession of educational psychologist- a feeling of moral satisfaction from one’s work. You can only count on a high salary in this professional field if the specialist provides services privately. As of the beginning of 2017, the average monthly salary of an educational psychologist in Russia was about 33 thousand rubles.

The undoubted advantage of this profession is also that an educational psychologist is a universal specialist who can conduct psychodiagnostics, psychological consultation, psychological education, psychocorrectional measures, etc. In other words, if a specialist decides to leave the education system, he can easily realize himself in other related specialties.

An additional bonus to the profession is the use of the acquired knowledge to communicate with loved ones and friends, and improve your personal life.

Disadvantages of the profession of educational psychologist

A specialist who is responsible for his profession must be prepared for an irregular work schedule - this especially applies to areas of activity related to children, medicine, and work in the Ministry of Emergency Situations, where the help of psychologists also often plays an important role. Accordingly, stressful workdays significantly affect personal life, sometimes excluding from it such concepts as free time, personal interests, etc.

A particular difficulty in the work of a teacher-psychologist is the need to build relationships not only with students educational institution(or employees of the enterprise), but also with the children’s parents (or management). Unfortunately, sometimes it is possible to achieve positive results in working with a particular child only through close cooperation with parents. But they are not always ready to go to a meeting and listen to the recommendations of an educational psychologist.

Where can I get a profession as an educational psychologist?

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To implement professional activity An educational psychologist must have a higher psychological education. You can completely limit yourself to studying at a university and subsequently taking advanced training courses.

However, some experts advise first getting a specialized education at a college/technical school, where the curriculum includes a sufficient amount of practical training. For a teacher-psychologist, practical experience from the very first steps is important, since the profession, in addition to all of the above, requires the ability to quickly navigate the environment, improvise, and even show acting qualities.

Having received a profession in a secondary specialized institution, you can continue your studies at a university according to a shortened program. The best universities in the field of pedagogy and psychology today are:

RSUH ();

Pedagogy is not a science, pedagogy is the technique and practice of educating and training a person. Pedagogy in its actions is based on psychological research. The profession of a teacher is divided into the profession of an educator preschool, primary school teachers, subject teachers at school (mathematics teacher, history teacher, physics teacher, chemistry teacher, drawing teacher, dance teacher, etc.), secondary teacher educational institution and a teacher in a higher education institution. In pedagogy, a special place is occupied by a specialist in teaching or educational methods - a methodologist. There is a section in pedagogy - didactics - it provides precise technological schemes for presenting material. Special pedagogy stands apart - oligophrenopedagogy, typhlopedagogy, deaf pedagogy, phonopedagogy. These types of teachers work in institutions for children with hearing, vision, and intelligence impairments and voice disorders. Everyone knows the profession of speech therapist. Speech therapist works in kindergarten, at school, he can even work with adults who would like, for example, to get rid of an unwanted reprimand. Child psychology and educational psychology are very close to pedagogy. Psychologists in these areas help pedagogy and teachers train and develop children, as well as understand them and correct maladaptive forms of behavior in children. The profession of speech therapist is a complex profession. A speech therapist works not only with speech disorders, but also with disorders of the child’s thinking, attention and memory. A school psychologist is a full participant in the pedagogical process. A school psychologist is a comprehensive specialist; he carries out not only diagnostics, but also psychological correction of children - at the cognitive, emotional and personal level. He advises parents and teachers. Teaching professions are excitingly interesting, difficult and require psychological stability and health from a person.

What do school graduates who care about their own fear most these days? Professional Development? The answer is simple: make the wrong choice. Some of them listen to the recommendations of their parents. Others choose a profession based on pragmatic considerations. Still others follow their heart. Particularly popular among modern applicants in Lately receives psychological and pedagogical education.

Features of working as a psychologist

However, in order to work in this direction, it is very little just to be interested in psychology on an everyday level. A future psychologist needs to understand well: the chosen work is directly related to communication with people, constant self-education and professional improvement. Workers in this field note that it is happening much faster for them than they could have imagined as students. requires not only a thorough mastery of theoretical disciplines, but also the presence of certain personal qualities. This is the ability to sympathize, to empathize with another person; modesty and self-confidence at the same time.

Working in corporations is a worthy way to apply knowledge

Therefore, anyone who is determined to become an expert on the human soul will have a difficult path ahead. Only the first step is to obtain a psychological and pedagogical education. Who to work in this profession? A diploma in psychology allows you to do more than just directly counsel clients. You can deviate from this path and go, for example, to work for a commercial company as a personnel manager. To begin with, most likely, you will have to be content with little - after all, a psychology student can only find work as an assistant in this department.

Why does someone who counsels clients need psychotherapy?

The second step is the need for every psychologist - both future and practicing - to undergo psychotherapy themselves. Why is this necessary? The program of psychological and pedagogical education provides for students to receive a diploma, as well as undergo practical training. But this is clearly not enough to conduct consultations directly with clients. While undergoing psychotherapy, a student or practicing psychologist finds himself in the client’s shoes. Thus, he comes closer to understanding the position in which the person asking for help will be.

On the other hand, successful psychological counseling is hardly possible for a specialist who is himself burdened with life problems and old complexes. Psychotherapy by the psychologist himself is an important addition to the knowledge that psychological and pedagogical education provides. Who to work with - a consultant on personal and career growth, in the family sphere, or even with addicted clients - is often determined by the student himself in the process of such psychotherapy.

Profession of school psychologist

The educational sphere is another area in which today's psychology students can realize themselves. Depending on your preferences, you can work at a school or in a kindergarten. Those who have chosen the direction of “Psychological and pedagogical education” have a fairly wide range of application of their knowledge.

It must be remembered that working with children and adolescents also includes the process of interaction with their parents. Most often, the school psychologist’s visitors are people from Russia and their parents for the most part are much more burdened by all sorts of psychological problems. Willingness to work with such a contingent is an indispensable condition for working in educational institutions. However, this is one of the most beaten paths for those who receive psychological and pedagogical education. Educational psychology is an area in which the participation of a psychologist is always necessary, and not only with problem students. Sometimes a teacher may need to consult a specialist.

Private practice

Another path, although not the easiest, is private practice. In this case, the psychologist himself takes full responsibility. To do this, he needs to solve many issues, and here it is not only psychological and pedagogical education that is important. You need to get it yourself a large number of required certificates, cope with all formalities. And the most important thing is to solve the problem. Of course, if psychotherapy is effective, then those in need of help will themselves seek advice good specialist. If not, you need to think about what is in the process psychological counseling requires improvement, what other aspects of one’s own character need to be worked out for psychotherapy to be effective for clients.

The future of the profession

The development of psychological and pedagogical education is currently determined by the requirements put forward by society. Despite scientific and technological progress, man is moving further and further away from his own nature. This is the reason for a large number of problems in various spheres of life that residents of seemingly prosperous and economically developed countries face.

Generally accepted standards

Federal State Educational Standard “Psychological and Pedagogical Education” is a standard that is common to representatives of psychology workers in any field, from kindergarten teachers to specialists advising top managers of leading Russian companies. Therefore, with obtaining a diploma in psychology, many opportunities open up for a specialist. However, when applying for one, it is necessary to carefully weigh all the pros and cons: despite the vastness of ways to apply the acquired knowledge, this profession still places many demands on the future psychologist.

The information that was learned at the university is a good basis for labor activity. But theoretical knowledge in this work will always be insufficient. Therefore, you need to be prepared for constant self-education and obtaining additional qualifications.

It is also necessary to constantly improve your knowledge of everyday psychology. They are inextricably linked with the pressing problems faced by people who turn to a psychologist for help. Often close people or work colleagues place increased demands on their friend or family member who has received a psychological education. “You’re a psychologist, you should know this,” they say. However, it is worth remembering: counseling friends and family members is prohibited for a psychologist. This goes beyond the “code” that is generally accepted among specialists in all countries.

To be a psychologist, it is not enough to be able to comfort people beautifully and quickly.

Psychology specialty training

Students acquire knowledge from the field of medicine. The subject of anatomy examines the work of the central nervous system, the basics of clinical psychology and neurophysiology. Depending on the specialty, the set of “disciplines of the psychology specialty” includes:

psychology of Personality,
general psychology,
zoopsychology,
ethnopsychology,
social psychology, etc.

Traditionally, practice takes place in counseling centers. Universities also offer retraining in the specialty of psychology, for those who want to try themselves in a new promising field.

Specialties at the Faculty of Psychology

Psychology specialty code: 03/37/01.

It is noteworthy that you can choose between several areas of psychology in order to maximize your talent in it in the future.

Specialty: pedagogy and psychology (educational psychology)

Psychology and social pedagogy specialty 19.00.07 is acquired by students with the study of the interaction of groups, classes, and their units in the process of development. There are 11 areas of her research.

The direction has other subtypes of specialties, for example, preschool pedagogy and psychology specialty can be chosen as the area of training.

Specialty psychology of professional activities

Future graduates take courses in management, natural sciences, and humanities. In special subjects, the skills necessary for the vacancies that will open after graduation are developed. Among them:

psychology of communication and negotiations,
psychology of conflict,
safety psychology,
psychology of stress,
psychology of personnel management, etc.

A special subtype - the specialty of management psychology is suitable for future managers, personal assistants, trainers.

Specialty military psychology

A military psychologist differs from civilians in the breadth of his profile - he is trained in many disciplines from different psychological fields of activity. For example, psychodiagnostics, psychological training, psychoprophylaxis and mental hygiene, psychological counteraction to the enemy, psychological rehabilitation of military personnel, etc. Specialists are doomed to constant lively, creative and interesting work.

Last time, professional retraining majoring in psychology is carried out preferably in this area, because it is most relevant in the modern situation in the world.

Social psychology specialty

In the process of mastering a specialty, students undergo various practical classes, trainings, and practice at the site of a possible future job. The highlight of the training is “master classes” from practicing psychologists and experienced professionals.

Specialty: practical psychology

Practical psychologist it is essentially a lie detector. To become one, you have to learn different subjects “from cover to cover.” 1st year - history, physiology of the central nervous system, cultural studies, jurisprudence, pedagogy, etc. From the 3rd year - psychodiagnostics, history of psychology, age, experimental, pedagogical, etc.

Specialty Psychology - Universities

To get a job and to effectively fulfill your responsibilities, you must complete a master's degree in psychology. It is best to receive it from leading institutions that regularly update their programs, because the work of a psychologist is more practical. In addition, with each passing year, humanity is getting closer to lowering the “curtain” hiding the CPR. In this regard, new methods of interaction with the psyche are being developed. Of course, you can educate yourself, but what are you paying the university for then?

Moscow universities specializing in psychology:

MSU IM. M.V. LOMONOSOV;
National Research University "Higher School of Economics";
RSUH;
PMGMU IM. THEM. SECHENOVA;
RNIMU IM. N. I. PIROGOVA;
MPGU;
RGSU;
MGPPU;
MSPU;
GAUGN.

Specialty psychology universities in St. Petersburg:

St. Petersburg State University;
IVESEP;
NIUD;
BIEPP;
RHGA;
SPbU Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;
SPbGIPSR;
Leningrad State University named after A.S. Pushkin.

Specialty: psychology

The fascinating discipline “Fundamentals of Psychology” is studied in every pedagogical college, and universities with a specialty in psychology are more suitable for obtaining a profession.

Colleges majoring in psychology

Or rather, one college. You can get a bachelor's degree in psychology at the IGUMO College of Psychology (Moscow). You can also do this at the faculties of the various institutes mentioned above.

Work in Psychology

The position in demand is a psychologist-consultant. She needs to know and be able to do more than a bachelor can. Graduates are engaged research work as part of a team.