Frequent discharge in women. Normal vaginal discharge in girls and women. How to get rid of a symptom

Smirnova Olga (gynecologist, State Medical University, 2010)

Vaginal discharge in women is a consequence of certain processes in the body. Mucus from the cervical canal performs important functions of the reproductive system. And based on the state of the secreted fluid, a disorder can be diagnosed. early stage development.

What kind of discharge in women is considered normal?

There is no clear picture of what a healthy woman's discharge should be like. However, doctors claim that the norm of discharge in women has the following relative characteristics:

Volume. A few milliliters per day, but not more than 5 ml. You can determine it by looking at your panty liner, on which the stain should not exceed 1 or 1.5 cm in diameter.
Consistency. . Quite thick, but without lumps. Watery ones are allowed only during a certain period of the cycle, during pregnancy and with strong arousal.
Structure. Homogeneous without lumps, large clots or flakes. Minor compactions up to 4 mm are allowed.
Aroma. due to the environment of the vagina, but more often the odor is completely absent.

To assess your condition, you need to study what color the discharge should be:

transparent;
white;
beige;
yellow.

The importance of the secret and its composition

Many women try to get rid of any vaginal discharge, considering it unnatural and pathological. But cervical fluid or mucus plays an important role in the functioning of the reproductive system and maintenance women's health.

Normal vaginal secretion has the following composition:

Cellular and fluid components. The uterine mucosa is constantly renewed, old cells die off, join the vaginal fluid and come out. Plasma and lymph transudate may be present.
Cervical mucus. The cervix contains special glands that produce secretion, thereby protecting reproductive system from penetration and further proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms.
Bacteria and fungi of the vaginal flora. Sexual microflora contains not only beneficial lactobacilli, but also potentially harmful microorganisms large quantities. In a healthy girl, these pathogens die and come out along with vaginal secretions.
Leukocytes. Based on their content, the presence of an inflammatory process can be diagnosed. The norm limit is 10 pcs. in the smear, but minor deviations are allowed.

Female secretions have many functions:

self-cleaning of the vagina;
maintaining healthy microflora;
fight against harmful bacteria, rods, fungi;
natural hydration during sexual intercourse;
removal of dead cells;
protection of the fetus during pregnancy.

The most important purpose of vaginal secretion remains the early warning of a woman about unfavorable processes in the reproductive system.

What affects vaginal secretion

Ovulation. The fertile period is characterized by the release of a large amount of fluid, which easily stretches between the fingers, resembling snot or protein chicken egg. The mucus may be white, transparent, or beige in color. Sometimes an admixture of blood appears, which indicates a favorable moment of conception.

Second phase of the cycle. Vaginal secretion becomes much smaller, sometimes it disappears completely. The liquid has a creamy or jelly-like consistency.

A few days before menstruation, spotting is allowed, which signals the approach of monthly bleeding.

The nature of normal discharge in women (photo above) varies according to the time of the cycle, but this is not the rule for every case. Sometimes they continue to be produced in large quantities and remain liquid without discomfort, which indicates a hormonal surge or lack of progesterone.

Reasons for minor deviations

It is important to find out what discharge is considered normal from the vagina under certain conditions. The nature of secretion can be changed without the presence of diseases of the reproductive system:

pregnancy;
premenopause;
menopause;
recent birth of a child;
lactation period;
taking birth control pills;
treatment with certain drugs.

Depending on the specific reason, the consistency, quantity and color of natural discharge in women changes, but not for long. You should consult a doctor if the vaginal fluid has an unpleasant odor or there are other symptoms such as itching, burning, or severe pain.

How to determine the disease

The most common cause of pathological discharge in women is a violation of the vaginal microbiocenosis. Changes in the normal functioning of the vaginal microflora are caused by non-compliance with genital hygiene or excessive douching with water or special solutions.

Problems with vaginal self-cleaning also arise against the background of:

use of antibiotics;
hormonal treatment;
reception oral contraceptives;
diabetes mellitus;
weakened immune system.

It is advisable to study the nature of discharge in girls in terms of color and smell, since these two signs will help you understand what is happening in the body and whether there is a reason to contact a gynecologist and have a test. necessary tests.

Transparent

Even colorless vaginal mucus may indicate certain disorders:
Inflammation of the endometrium or appendages. The amount of cervical fluid with an unpleasant odor increases against the background of endometritis and andexitis. In advanced cases, the mucus contains blood clots.

Dysbiosis. The disease is accompanied by redness of the external genitalia, abundant watery fluid from the vagina,.

White

The type of vaginal discharge in women plays a significant role in studying the current state of the reproductive system. Knowing the characteristics of normal vaginal secretions, you can promptly identify the disease at an early stage and, with the help of a doctor, select treatment.

Vaginal discharge in women, the so-called leucorrhoea, is a physiological phenomenon and, in most cases, not associated with pathological processes. Leucorrhoea is produced by the body in the same way as saliva, tears, gastric secretions, etc. Such discharge is usually scanty, white or slightly transparent, without any unpleasant odor.

However, if they acquire a certain color and unpleasant odor, this is a cause for serious concern, as it indicates an imbalance in the vaginal microflora due to the development of the disease. Most often, such discharge is accompanied by other unpleasant sensations: redness, itching, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, etc.

What causes discharge in women with an unpleasant odor, treatment, causes, how is it done? What diseases can they indicate? Is it possible to get rid of this unpleasant phenomenon using folk remedies? Let's talk about all this today:

Why does discharge with an unpleasant odor occur, what are the reasons for this?

As we have already mentioned, ordinary physiological secretions have a slight vaginal odor, which is completely unnoticeable after hygiene procedures. If an infection enters the body, their color changes and they acquire an unpleasant odor - sour or rotten.

It can be barely noticeable, or it can be obvious, strong, sometimes noticeable to others. After a shower and washing, it weakens, but after a short time it appears again.

Color and unpleasant odor are almost always signs of gynecological diseases that have bacterial or viral nature. Let's briefly look at what pathologies are accompanied by these symptoms:

Discharge Brown with an unpleasant odor

Very often, the discharge turns light brown when a woman does not pay enough attention to personal hygiene. Due to rarely performed water procedures, the acidic environment of the vagina changes dramatically, causing the color of the discharge to change and it to acquire an unpleasant odor.

Sometimes this shade appears before the next menstruation or, immediately after it. Another reason is hormonal changes, for example, while taking hormonal contraceptives.

If there is a dark brown tint, an unpleasant odor and severe pain in the lower abdomen, hurry to see a gynecologist, as these phenomena usually indicate an ectopic pregnancy. This must also be done if brown discharge with obvious inclusions of blood or pus appears, since they often accompany serious inflammatory diseases: endometritis, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, etc.

Pink discharge with an unpleasant odor

A pale pink tint to the leucorrhoea may indicate the presence of endometrial pathology, an inflammatory process, or injury to the vaginal mucosa or cervix.

Common cause This phenomenon includes inflammatory diseases: , and , as well as cervicitis, bacterial or vaginal candidiasis. The vast majority of these pathologies are transmitted through unprotected sexual contact.

If pink discharge appears instead of regular menstruation, you can assume a threat of miscarriage in the early stages (take a pregnancy test). They may also indicate a frozen or ectopic pregnancy.

Green discharge with an unpleasant odor

This phenomenon most often indicates a certain inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system, accompanied by increased production of leukocytes (this gives a green tint).

This may also indicate the presence of cervical erosion. A specific unpleasant “fishy” odor usually accompanies vaginal dysbiosis, and may also indicate the presence of gonorrhea or trichomoniasis, sexually transmitted diseases.

Abundant, thick, mucous discharge of a greenish tint, the volume of which increases significantly after defecation, may indicate the progression of purulent cervicitis.

Depending on the severity of the inflammatory process, other signs of the existing pathology are also noted: nagging, aching pain in the lower abdomen, weakness, decreased performance, fatigue. Sometimes body temperature rises.

Yellowish discharge with an unpleasant odor in women

They also appear in the event of the development of pathological processes: inflammation or infections.

If there is a leucorrhoea with a yellowish tint and an unpleasant odor, one can suspect the presence of inflammatory diseases: adnexitis, colpitis, salpingitis or bacterial vaginitis.

As the disease progresses, additional characteristic symptoms: irritation, itching of the external genitalia, pain during sexual intercourse and during menstruation. A woman may feel pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the back. There may be a frequent urge to urinate.

In addition, yellowish or greenish discharge with an unpleasant rotten odor is a symptom of trichomoniasis. This disease is usually accompanied by redness, itching, and pain during sexual intercourse.

Yellow, interspersed with purulent contents, indicate the development of chlamydia. Accompanied by itching of the vaginal area, pain during sexual intercourse and a burning sensation when urinating.

If you experience yellow discharge with a greenish tint and a strong, unpleasant odor, you may have become infected with gonorrhea. Additional symptoms are burning of the vaginal area, itching when urinating.

Gray discharge with an unpleasant odor

White, with a grayish tint - most often appear due to infection or a developing inflammatory process. Very often, thick white or slightly grayish discharge with a sour odor indicates the presence of vaginal candidiasis (thrush). This common disease is often accompanied by burning, itching, and discomfort in the intimate area.

Vaginal discharge with an unpleasant rotten odor

Vaginal discharge of a yellowish, brownish, greenish or gray hue, accompanied by a strong odor of rotten fish or eggs, is often observed with gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis). This disease is very serious, causing severe complications: endometriosis, abscess, and sepsis.

Treatment of discharge with an unpleasant odor in women

In general, many gynecological infectious diseases accompanied by the symptoms described above are dangerous due to their complications. If adequate treatment is not taken, inflammation of the cervix and appendages may develop. Infertility may develop in the future.

Therefore, if unpleasant signs appear, you should hurry up and visit a gynecologist. After an external examination and obtaining laboratory test results, the doctor will make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.

It should be understood that an unpleasant vaginal odor can accompany a wide group of various infectious and inflammatory diseases, therefore effective treatment A specific pathology can only be prescribed by a gynecologist, based on the results of the patient’s examination.

Self-treatment can drive the problem inside and after a while it will arise again, but with more severe manifestations.

After treatment with medications, the patient will be sent for repeat tests. The results of laboratory tests will give a complete picture of the effectiveness of treatment. If necessary, you will need to take another course. Although usually after high-quality therapy, complete recovery occurs.

Folk remedies

When unpleasant discharge Traditional healers recommend using good old remedies, which can also help, but do not exclude taking medications and following the recommendations prescribed by your doctor. Here are some popular recipes:

For oral administration:

If leucorrhoea has a watery, mucous consistency and is caused by anemia, prepare an infusion of periwinkle herb. Pour a glass of boiling water over 2-3 pinches of the crushed plant, cover with a saucer, and insulate with a towel. After 15 minutes, you can drink the strained infusion, one sip at a time, throughout the day.

For heavy discharge, fresh nettle juice will help. It should be taken 1 tsp. several times a day. The same remedy will be useful for painful menstruation.

Pour 1 tbsp into a small saucepan with boiling water (200 ml in total). l. dry finely broken inflorescences. After the next boil, reduce the heat and simmer for 10 minutes. Remove from the stove and let it sit covered for another half hour. Then pour into a mug through cheesecloth. Take a sip all day, preferably before meals.

Baths, irrigations, lotions:

You can make baths from clean, cool (not cold!) water. After carrying out basic hygiene procedures, pour the required amount of water into the basin and sit in it for 15 minutes.

Warm baths with the addition of a decoction will be useful - you only need a glass. Place fresh needles along with finely broken thin twigs and top shoots into a pan of boiling water. You will need 3 liters. water. Cook at low simmer for 40 minutes. Remove from heat and let cool. Then pour the broth through gauze into a sitz bath or basin filled with warm water. Sit in this bath for 20 minutes.

You can try a popular remedy that is used in the treatment of certain diseases of the genitourinary system: pour 50 g of dried (fresh), finely chopped grass and its shoots into a jar. Add half a liter of good vodka there. Store in a cellar or pantry for 2 weeks, where it is cool and dark. Strain the finished tincture and use it for lotions. Before use, dilute with boiled water.

Healers recommend making lotions from an infusion of roots. They need to be dried, chopped as finely as possible, until they turn into dust. For 200 ml of boiling water, take 2 tsp. raw materials. It is better to cook using a thermos. After half an hour, strain and cool. Apply lotions at least 2 times a day.

In addition to baths and lotions, it is useful to irrigate the genitals using garlic broth. Chop the peeled head of garlic, pour in 200 ml of boiling water, bring to a boil again, and simmer over low heat for 5 minutes. When cool, pour through a gauze cloth into another bowl. Immediately before use, add 1 tbsp. l. natural 6% vinegar. Mix the broth with the same amount of warm water and pour into a spray bottle.

Carry out the procedure over the bathtub, spraying the medicinal solution onto the genitals from a distance of 0.5 meters. Irrigate gradually, slowly but thoroughly treating the surface. Be sure to use a warm solution. You need to complete a course of 10 daily procedures. These procedures are contraindicated during pregnancy.

Douching:

You can supplement the main treatment with douching. These procedures can be very useful for some gynecological inflammatory diseases. Of course, you must first obtain permission to carry out the procedures from the attending physician. Here are some recipes you can use:

Boil a saucepan with 2 liters. clean water. Pour 3 tbsp there. dried St. John's wort. Reduce heat to minimum and simmer for half an hour. Remove from the stove and wait until it cools. Pour the broth through cheesecloth into another container. Carry out daily morning and evening douching with a warm decoction.

Very good remedy is . You need to cook 1 tbsp over low heat. dried, crushed bark in a liter of soft, clean water. Cook at a low simmer for 20 minutes. Then leave for another half hour. Pour the warm broth into a jar through cheesecloth. Douching in the morning and evening.

In the old days, the appearance of pathological leucorrhoea was treated by douching with alum solution. They were dissolved in the following proportion: 1 tsp. for 200 ml of warm water. A tannin solution was used for the same purpose.

To treat gynecological bacterial diseases that cause vaginal discharge, prepare a decoction: 1 tsp. dried meadowsweet herb or calendula flowers in a glass of soft, clean water. You need to cook on low heat for 20 minutes. When cool, pour into a jar through cheesecloth. Douche several times a day, always in the morning and evening.

During treatment, women are recommended to drink freshly prepared mixtures of vegetable juices from celery, carrots, garden herbs, spinach, in various variations. It is not recommended to consume hot spices and sunflower seeds, as these products can aggravate leucorrhoea.

Remember that if you have discharge with a strong unpleasant odor, you must consult a doctor. Folk remedies will help reduce their intensity, but they will not solve the problem on their own.

The lack of adequate professional treatment can provoke the development of a chronic form, which is fraught with serious complications, in particular, violation reproductive function. Take care of yourself, start treatment and be healthy!

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Smirnova Olga (gynecologist, State Medical University, 2010)

Almost every modern woman in her life she encounters gynecological pathologies and diseases. The reasons may be different: poor ecology and environmental conditions, heavy loads, hormonal imbalance, chronic diseases, heredity, poor lifestyle, etc. Such diseases can live in the body throughout life without even making themselves known, or they can declare their existence regularly. Women's ailments often result in symptoms such as pain in the lower abdomen, lower back, and discomfort during sexual intercourse. But, perhaps, the pathological nature of vaginal discharge is the main symptom of gynecological diseases.

Discharge is a normal physiological process female body. For example, colorless ones are due to the work of mucous sexual secretions and the proper functioning of female hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone.

Normally, the discharge should be colorless and slightly sticky. Sometimes they are characterized by a sour, not unpleasant odor, which is caused by the presence of fermented milk non-pathogenic bacteria.

Secretion should not be accompanied by pain, itching or other discomfort. The abundance is small, but on the days of ovulation the amount of mucus may increase and the consistency may thicken.

Such phenomena begin to appear in women before the start of the reproductive period, and they last until the end of the menopausal stage.

The nature of secretion may change during pregnancy due to changes hormonal levels. They may acquire a slightly whitish tint and become more liquid. In the first weeks of pregnancy, both transparent and dense ones may appear. Both options are considered normal.

Any deviation from the norm should be accompanied by a trip to a specialist and diagnosis.

Vaginal secretion in gynecological pathologies

Female gynecological pathologies develop due to many factors. This may be a hereditary factor, external causes, such as a weakened immune system, hormonal imbalance, including due to the use of contraceptives, stress, excessive stress, abortion and incompetent surgical interventions.

The danger of such is that, unlike inflammations and infections, they can proceed unnoticed, develop without making themselves felt at all, or exhibit symptoms similar to everyday problems, such as delayed menstruation due to stress or hormonal imbalance, or increased temperature, which can easily be confused with a common cold.

These are some congenital or acquired anomalies of the female genital organs, such as uterine bending, obstruction fallopian tubes, prolapse of the vagina or uterus.

Hormonal imbalance can lead to the development of tumors. These include hormone-producing tumors, polycystic ovary syndrome, fibroids, fibroids, endometriosis, cervical erosion, cysts, polyps and even cancer.

Since in these cases disturbances occur in various tissues of the organs, the manifestation of this is indicated by discharge. Often this brown discharge or pronounced red, which makes itself felt between menstruation or intensifies it in the form of excessively heavy bleeding.

Such phenomena are often accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, which can even extend to the lower back. For example, with uterine fibroids, the temperature may rise, causeless fatigue and apathy may be felt. Most often, discharge is the main sign of one or another gynecological pathology.

Discharge during inflammatory processes

The most common gynecological diseases are various inflammatory processes in the genital organs. They develop due to damage to the mucous membranes of both the external and internal genital organs, caused by bacterial or viral microorganisms. The reasons for this include an unhealthy lifestyle, a weakened body and immune system, impaired metabolism, endocrinological disorders, hypothermia, advanced pathologies of a sexual nature, etc. These include vaginal colpitis, vulvitis, cervicitis of the cervix, endometritis of the uterine mucosa, myometritis of the uterine walls, adnexitis of the appendages and many others.

Discharge from this group of gynecological diseases is characterized by excessively abundant discharge, which can be from spotting mucus to thick, sometimes even.

They are usually accompanied by fever, chills, sharp pain in the lower abdomen, pain may be felt when urinating, and in most cases there is a feeling of “fullness” in the intimate area.

Secretion in infectious diseases

Infectious diseases are the most common female diseases that are transmitted through sexual contact. They are mainly established in the vagina, but over time, if left untreated, they spread to nearby organs, sometimes causing harm to the entire body, and can even be fatal.

Pathological discharge is a mandatory symptom of infectious diseases.

There is also a burning and itching sensation in the vaginal area and discomfort during intimacy. If so, then we are talking about bacterial vaginosis. With it, symptoms gain momentum after sexual contact.

Yellow mucus with a watery consistency will indicate infection with gonorrhea. It may be accompanied by painful urination and nagging pain in the lower abdomen.

If the secretion is yellow or yellow-green, has a foamy consistency and a cloudy color, it is trichomoniasis. It brings with it pain and burning in the intimate area, and also gives pain when urinating.

Yellowish curdled discharge or white ones of the same consistency with an unpleasant odor - a sign of a fungal infection - candidiasis. In everyday life it is also called thrush. Symptoms include itching, burning, and swelling of the external genitalia.

This disease can not only be acquired from a sexual partner, but also arise against the background of a weakened immune system, stress, and as a result of taking antibiotics in women.

If the secretion has become clearly cloudy, and trips to the toilet have become more frequent and painful, then most likely it is ureaplasmosis.

Any unusual discharge, accompanied by an unpleasant odor and discomfort in the genital area, is 98% a pathological deviation.

Treatment and prevention of discharge

Whatever the discharge, the slightest deviation from the norm indicates a disorder or disease. Depending on which group of pathologies the identified disorder belongs to, various treatment methods are used. These include medications, physiotherapy and surgery.

Medicines

During infectious attacks, inflammation is relieved with anti-inflammatory and painkillers in the form of suppositories and tablets. They can be either general or local. Preference is given to the latter.

To stop the disease at its root, agents are used that directly destroy its causative agent. This includes antibiotics, antiseptics, antiviral and antifungal medications. They can also provide their results through general action, and can also influence locally with the help of ointments and suppositories.

Hormonal medications are used for disorders caused by hormonal imbalance.

Physiotherapy

For pathological disorders and inflammation, physiotherapy is successfully used. It is mainly prescribed in combination with medications.

Electrotherapy stimulates normal blood circulation in the pelvic organs, reduces pain and spasms.
Ultrasound enhances microcirculation, stimulates the hormonal activity of the ovaries, softens scars and adhesions.
Magnetic therapy comes to the rescue in case of swelling and inflammation.
Laser, radio wave, and chemical therapies are effective alternatives to surgery. Surgical intervention is used in cases of benign tumors, oncological diseases and advanced pathologies.

Prevention

By thinking about preventive measures in time, you can protect yourself from the development of many gynecological diseases and unwanted discharge.

You should give up bad habits that affect a woman’s body with particular force, and almost primarily attack the reproductive system.
Review your food system and diet. Reduce consumption of fast food, spicy, fried. Increase your consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables.
If possible, avoid large physical activity.
Do not abuse hormonal contraceptives and antibiotics.
Use protection if you do not have a regular sexual partner.
Do not self-medicate.
Follow the rules of intimate hygiene. Use only high-quality and natural products.
Visit a gynecologist regularly, at least once every 6 months.
Don't get too cold.

Beli- pathological discharge from the female genital organs. Normal physiological secretions are not abundant and do not cause irritation to the skin and mucous membranes. Leucorrhoea is an excessive and unusual discharge: watery, milky-white, yellow-green, with an unpleasant odor, etc. Appearing on the external genitalia, they cause unpleasant sensations, sometimes itching, burning. Leucorrhoea indicates a disease of the reproductive system or a general disease.

Discharge in normal conditions and in diseases

Normally, vaginal discharge is light, mucous, and may be slightly cloudy due to the admixture of epithelial cells; if you use the same panty liner throughout the day, the leucorrhoea on it may be slightly yellowish in color. The nature and amount of discharge depends on the day menstrual cycle: in the middle of the cycle, as ovulation approaches, they become similar in consistency to egg white, more abundant than usual, more alkaline. The amount of discharge increases during sexual arousal, especially during intercourse. Normal discharge does not cause discomfort, does not cause unpleasant sensations: itching, burning and irritation of the genital organs. If you take a smear, there will not be an increased number of leukocytes, and the flora will be dominated by rods.

Fresh vaginal discharge has virtually no odor; the odor appears when bacteria multiply in it.

Leucorrhoea have various reasons, but most often they are associated with gynecological diseases, mainly of an infectious nature. Any abnormal discharge may be a sign of a genital infection and requires immediate examination by a doctor.

Nature of the discharge	Normal or deviation
Standard options
Transparent stretchy, mucous, similar to egg white, often abundant in the middle of the cycle, the period before ovulation	norm
Creamy or jelly-like scanty discharge in the second half of the cycle	norm
Creamy or jelly-like discharge that increases in intensity in the last days of the cycle	norm
Transparent, white or slightly yellowish, in clots in the first hours after unprotected intercourse, when sperm enters the vagina	norm
Abundant white liquid the morning after unprotected intercourse	norm
Creamy white scanty discharge after sex with a condom or without ejaculation in the vagina	“used” vaginal lubrication, normal
Scarlet red bloody, worse at the beginning of menstruation, first day	norm
Discharge with blood, scarlet bloody streaks in the middle of the cycle (between menstruation) - happens shortly after ovulation in the middle of the cycle	variant of the norm
Liquid whitish light, milk-like, during pregnancy, usually intensifies as pregnancy progresses	normal if they do not irritate the external genitalia and do not have an unpleasant odor
Ichor, pink discharge like diluted blood, like “meat slop”	lochia after childbirth, normal
Constant, not changing during the cycle, with the exception of menstruation	happen when a woman takes hormonal contraceptives or suffers from infertility and does not have inflammatory processes in the vagina
Scarlet discharge- with blood
Scarlet bloody leucorrhoea a few days before menstruation	cervical erosion, endocervicitis
Scarlet spotting during pregnancy	abruption of the ovum or placenta, threat of miscarriage
Scarlet spotting after sexual intercourse	microcracks in the vagina formed during sexual intercourse, cervical erosion, cervicitis. After an abortion, there may be bleeding, varying in quantity and color. After 1 week be sure to consult a gynecologist and perform a control ultrasound
White discharge Infection or inflammatory process. The diagnosis is made based on a smear and ultrasound.
White mucous discharge or transparent mucous with white streaks at the end of the cycle, before menstruation	cervical erosion, cervicitis (inflammation of the cervical canal). Mucus secretion is somehow related to the cervix
White curdled or kefir-like leucorrhoea, white films or deposits between the labia majora and minora, on the clitoris, usually accompanied by a bready or sour-milk odor	thrush (candidiasis). Associated symptoms: itching, discomfort in the genital area - but these signs may not be present. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a gynecological examination based on characteristic discharge and smear results.
White or slightly greenish, grayish in color, flaking films, usually combined with a fishy odor	vaginal dysbiosis (gardnerellosis)
Yellow, yellow-green leucorrhoea Bacterial infection. Treatment based on smear results.
Bubbling, frothy, yellow or Green colour	sexually transmitted infection (trichomoniasis, etc.). Diagnosis is made based on a smear.
Yellowish or greenish profuse leucorrhoea	acute bacterial infection in the vagina, acute adnexitis (inflammation of the ovaries), acute salpingitis (inflammation in the fallopian tubes)
Purulent discharge, green in color, thick, combined with mucus, aggravated by tension, after defecation	purulent cervicitis
Brown discharge Any brown discharge is an admixture of blood. But this blood has time to clot, so we can assume that it is from the uterus or ovaries. If the bleeding is severe or prolonged, it is necessary to do a biopsy of the endometrium (uterine lining) to rule out endometritis (inflammation of the uterus) or other pathology of the uterus. If there is excessive bleeding during menstruation, an ultrasound scan is necessary to assess the condition of the internal genital organs. Such bleeding may be symptoms of uterine fibroids or endometriosis, then if the thickness of the endometrium (uterine mucosa) is normal, curettage (as this procedure is called) may not be necessary. If the cause of bleeding is hypertrophy (increase in thickness) of the endometrium, endometrial or cervical polyps, then curettage must be performed. This will stop the bleeding and allow for histological examination to rule out more serious pathology.
Brown dark spotting at the end of the cycle before menstruation (daub) or for a long time after menstruation	pathological process in the uterus (endometriosis, polyp or endometrial hyperplasia, etc.). Normally, only spotting is allowed no more than 2 days before and 2 days after menstruation.
Spotting during pregnancy, including early stages	old detachment of the ovum or placenta, which happened a few days or even a week ago. During pregnancy, there should be no bleeding normally!
Spotting in the first months of taking hormonal contraceptives	variant of the norm
Ichor, pink discharge like diluted blood, like “meat slop”, but with an unpleasant odor, usually before and after menstruation	chronic endometritis, chronic endocervicitis.
Brown leucorrhoea mid-cycle	may be a sign of progesterone deficiency, hyperprolactinemia or polycystic ovary syndrome, such conditions cause infertility and require treatment
Discharge in large clots during menstruation	bending of the cervix, blood clotting disorder - tendency to thrombus formation, hypovitaminosis of B vitamins, pathological process in the uterus (polyp, endometriosis, fibroids). Also, similar discharge occurs if a woman has an intrauterine device.
Thin, watery discharge that takes on a dirty color on the pad, before and after menstruation	chronic endometritis, chronic endocervicitis

Discharge before menstruation

The state of the vaginal flora and secretions depends on hormonal changes during the different phases of the cycle, so the color and consistency of the discharge may change before menstruation, it may become more cloudy, yellowish or white and more abundant (feeling of constant wetness), more viscous. But if their character remains the same even after menstruation, especially if these symptoms are accompanied by vaginal itching or pain in the lower abdomen, you should consult a gynecologist.

Bloody (brown) discharge can normally appear a day or two before heavy menstrual bleeding begins. If spotting precedes menstruation for more than 2 days, or brown, pink, red-brown discharge appears in the middle of the menstrual cycle, this most likely indicates a disease.

Brown discharge before menstruation can signal: hormonal disorders, the presence of any infections (in particular, endometritis - inflammation of the endometrium), hematological diseases, adeomyosis. Very often, such phenomena accompany endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial polyps.

In particular, in combination with other symptoms (pain during menstruation, heavy periods lasting more than 7 days with clots), brown leucorrhoea is a sign of endometriosis.

Discharge after menstruation

At the end of menstruation, blood clotting increases, blood is released more slowly, has time to clot, and therefore, discharge and blood clots have more dark color, may be brown. If they have no smell, this is normal. If a smell appears, then you need to take a smear and PCR tests for chlamydia, gardnerella, mycoplasma and ureaplasma, herpes, CMV.

If blood appears a few days after your period or if your period lasts more than 7 days, you should take a pregnancy test to rule out ectopic pregnancy or threatened abortion.

Leucorrhoea during pregnancy

Discharge usually increases during pregnancy, unless it has an unusual odor or itching, this is usually normal.

Bloody, brown discharge during pregnancy- a very unfavorable symptom. This is a sign of a threatened miscarriage. Other diseases often have nothing to do with it. There may be increased bleeding on the days of expected menstruation.

The color of the discharge may also be yellowish. Limit sexual activity during this period to avoid the risk of miscarriage.

White leucorrhoea during pregnancy is most often a sign of thrush. Sufficiently abundant leucorrhoea, but not changed in color and consistency, may indicate the presence of E. coli in it. Bacterial vaginitis is also common during pregnancy. In these cases, treatment is also necessary.

The discharge of a mucus plug in late pregnancy before childbirth can also be mistaken for leucorrhoea (the plug liquefies and gradually flows out, it can flow quite profusely, sometimes even confused with leakage of amniotic fluid), but this is normal discharge if you are more than 37 weeks pregnant.

Discharge after childbirth

Normally, spotting after childbirth goes away within 3 weeks, a maximum of a month. Otherwise, an inflammatory process in the uterus may be suspected, which requires examination and treatment.

Leucorrhoea after IUD insertion

Bleeding and spotting are complications of the IUD and usually stop within 2-3 weeks after insertion. Scanty bleeding during the intermenstrual period is also side effect this method of contraception. If a gynecological examination and ultrasound do not reveal any pathology in the location of the IUD in the uterus, then blood loss can be reduced by prescribing gestagens or prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors.

The IUD quite often leads to heavy, prolonged menstruation with large blood loss. If anemia (anemia) develops, the IUD is removed. If you feel well, you can try drinking decoctions of nettle, water pepper, yarrow, and cinquefoil 2-3 days before the start of menstruation, 50 ml 3 times a day; pure extract from water pepper, red viburnum, 40 drops 4 times a day - until the end of menstruation, massage the nipples of the mammary gland for 3 minutes 3 times a day, after consultation with a doctor - dicinone and cotarnine.

Discharge after intercourse

Contact bleeding after sexual intercourse can be a consequence of pathology of the cervix (discovered during a gynecological examination) or pathology of the uterus itself - polyps, hyperplasia, fibroids, etc. To find out the reasons, it is necessary to do an ultrasound scan at different periods of the cycle; functional diagnostic tests may be required.

Traditional methods of treating leucorrhoea.

Treatment is aimed at eliminating the underlying disease, the clinical symptom of which is leucorrhoea. Douching, baths, suppositories with medicines. Prevention consists of following the rules of personal hygiene and regular visits to the gynecologist.

Leucorrhoea is not an independent disease, it is only a symptom, most often of infectious diseases of the reproductive system, so to treat the cause, be sure to consult a gynecologist.

Folk remedies that alleviate the discomfort of leucorrhoea:

Pour 100 g of pine buds into 10 liters of boiling water, hold on low heat for 30 minutes and leave for 1 hour. Take hot baths for leucorrhoea. You can use pine extract.

Pour 2-4 tablespoons of St. John's wort herb into 2 liters of water, boil for 20 minutes, strain. Use for douching.

Take 20 g of yarrow herb, sage leaf and rosemary leaf, as well as 40 g of oak bark, pour 3 liters of boiling water over the mixture, put on low heat and keep covered for 5 minutes. Cool and strain through cheesecloth folded in several layers. Use for douching for itching.

Recipes for treating leucorrhoea from Vanga

At this time, girls need to walk less, especially in the cold, and eat better.

For watery leucorrhoea due to anemia, you should drink an infusion of periwinkle herb. Pour three pinches of periwinkle herb into a glass of water, leave and drink little by little. It is also good to drink a glass of barberry and viburnum juice a day.

It is useful to drink 2 - 3 cups a day of a decoction of yarrow flowers or wild strawberry roots.

Chew white acacia flowers often, swallowing their juice.

Hot baths of pine needles or their extracts also help. It is extremely important to abstain from sexual intercourse during the entire treatment period.

For leucorrhoea, douche with a decoction of immortelle flowers - 1 tablespoon per glass of water. Drink this decoction 0.5 cups 3 times a day an hour before meals. The course of treatment is 3 – 4 weeks.

Pour 1 tablespoon of St. John's wort herb with a glass of boiling water, boil for 15 minutes, strain. Drink 1/4 cup 3 times a day.

Take a decoction of stone fruit leaves for leucorrhoea and other gynecological diseases. Drink 1/4 cup 3 times a day.

Yarrow herb – 20 g, sage leaf – 20 g, rosemary leaf – 20 g, oak bark – 40 g. Pour the collection into 3 liters of water, boil for 30 minutes, strain. Perform 2 vaginal douches daily.

Knotweed grass (collected) – 5 parts, nettle leaf – 3 parts, oak bark – 1 part, chamomile flowers – 1 part. Pour 2 tablespoons of the mixture into 1 liter of hot water, bring to a boil, simmer for 5 minutes over low heat, let cool, strain. Use for douching and vaginal tampons.

For garlic irrigation, a concentrated decoction is used. After the broth has infused a little, add 1 tablespoon of apple or garlic vinegar. It is best to irrigate over an empty basin, without moving the container further than 0.5 meters from the hip. Irrigation should be done slowly and gently, with water room temperature, within half an hour. Irrigation is contraindicated for pregnant women.

It is necessary to wash the genitals twice a day with carbolic soap and add a little potash to the water. Apply compresses of lead water or a cloth greased with boric vaseline to the genital slit.

Take 50 g of wintergreen leaves and stems per 0.5 liter of vodka. Leave for two weeks in a dark place, filter, store in a dark bottle. Apply as lotions.

Make lotions from the infusion - 20 g of bodanus thickifolia root per glass of boiling water.

The appearance of abnormal vaginal discharge ALWAYS indicates the presence of a disease and requires immediate contact with a gynecologist. Do not douche under any circumstances before visiting a doctor; your douching will only complicate the diagnosis of the cause of leucorrhoea and treatment. Any folk home remedies are not intended to treat the disease that caused the vaginal discharge, but to alleviate the discomfort and itching caused by the discharge itself. Even if you do not douche, vaginal discharge may stop on its own, which means that the disease has entered the chronic stage and is almost asymptomatic, but with damage to the internal genital organs.

Vaginal discharge in women is one of the most common reasons for visiting a gynecologist. Of course, it is normal for women to have discharge every day, but not all of them are normal, some are symptoms various diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. So, which discharges in women require treatment, and which are normal and natural.

Physiological discharge

Any gynecologist will confirm that normal discharge in women is not abundant, the color is transparent, maybe mixed with white, and the underwear has a yellow tint. Moreover, vaginal discharge does not cause any discomfort, such as itching, and also does not have a sharp, unpleasant odor.

The secretion of leucorrhoea in women increases significantly at the time of sexual arousal, as well as during and after sexual intercourse. In addition, profuse leucorrhoea is observed in women of reproductive age in the middle of the menstrual cycle. This is related to ovulation. Complaints of abundant mucous discharge in women occur in the first weeks of pregnancy. This does not mean at all that the embryo is in danger; soon the amount of discharge returns to normal. Such changes are associated with changes in hormonal levels.

Changes in vaginal microflora

Thousands of microorganisms live in the vagina of every woman, which constitute the “microflora”. Among them are opportunistic microorganisms that begin to multiply under certain conditions, thereby leading to disease. In this case, we are talking about the 2 most common diseases that are not sexually transmitted and are not venereal - candidiasis and gardnerellosis.

Discharge in women is white, profuse, similar to cottage cheese with a sour odor and accompanied by severe itching, most often caused by an opportunistic pathogen - fungi of the genus Candida. In addition to the discharge, the woman notices swelling of the vulva and redness of the labia. Treatment is carried out only if these symptoms are present and the smear result is poor. There are a number of drugs that are quite effective in combating thrush, which is what people call candidiasis. But it must be taken into account that white discharge in women may appear periodically when favorable conditions arise for the proliferation of the pathogen that causes candidiasis. But more on that below.

Another disease with similar symptoms, but only with it, grayish discharge appears in women with the smell of rotten fish. The disease is called gardnerellosis. The causative agent is gardnerella. Its frequency is approximately equal to candidiasis, and is also diagnosed using a smear on the flora. Less often, green discharge appears in women, frightening in its unusualness.

When diagnosing both candidiasis and gardnerellosis, it is recommended to undergo a full examination for all kinds of sexually transmitted diseases, and especially for hidden infections. Since it is with them that the vaginal microflora most often changes pathologically. Treatment of gardnerellosis at the initial stage is aimed at eliminating pathogenic flora, the second stage is creating a normal environment in the vagina.

Both diseases described above have risk factors, the conditions under which they most often develop.

1. Taking antibiotics.

2. Rare sex without the use of barrier contraception, as well as frequent changes of sexual partners.

3. Use of hormonal contraception.

4. Douching, especially with chlorine-containing solutions (usually used as a prevention of infection with sexually transmitted diseases, it should be noted that this prevention is rather weak).

5. Use of spermicides containing 9-nonoxynol as contraception.

6. Use of lubricants containing 9-nonoxynol.

It should be noted that men can also develop candidiasis and gardnerellosis. And in this case, abundant, thick, transparent discharge in women, grayish or white cheesy, appears in their partners, usually at the same time. But if the partner has all the signs of the disease, but the man does not, he does not need to be treated.

Sexually transmitted diseases

Most infections are characterized by vaginal discharge of one kind or another. We will look at 2 of them, which are quite common.

1. Trichomoniasis. This disease, which often leads to female infertility, is characterized by yellow discharge in women, pain during urination and sexual intercourse, and inflammation of the external genital organs. In men, the symptoms are the same, and they are quite similar to the signs of prostatitis. Treatment if the pathogen (Trichomonas vaginalis) is detected in a smear. Moreover, treatment does not consist in using drugs locally, they are absolutely ineffective, but in taking anti-trichomonas drugs internally.

2. Gonorrhea. One of the most ancient diseases. Its causative agent is gonococcus. Men have clear symptoms, but women usually only have yellow or white discharge, which many women do not take seriously, considering it a manifestation of candidiasis. Another symptom is painful urination, which is mistaken for cystitis. But this disease is very dangerous, it affects not only the genitourinary system, but also joints, skin, liver, heart and others internal organs. Gonorrhea is also diagnosed by laboratory methods.

Menstrual disorders and gynecological diseases

1. Cervical erosion. This fairly common pathology can cause mild intermenstrual bleeding. They do not occur on their own, but due to some mechanical effect on the cervix, for example, as a result of sexual intercourse.

2. Hormonal contraception. Quite popular now birth control pills have many side effects in the first cycles of taking them. A common side effect is brown discharge in women outside of menstruation. This “daub” does not pose a health hazard. If this side effect is present, the doctor may recommend other birth control pills, change the type of contraception, or simply wait 2-4 months until side effects will not disappear on their own, since in this situation they are temporary.

3. Age-related disorders of the menstrual cycle. Delays in menstruation, too long intervals between them or, on the contrary, too short, intermenstrual discharge in women is often brown during the first 1-2 years after the very first menstruation. And vice versa, with the extinction of menstrual function, that is, with the onset of menopause. However, even if you fit into one of these two categories, you should not hope that everything will work out on its own. It is quite possible that the reason is not at all due to age and natural hormonal changes in the body, but to a disease, and not necessarily gynecological. In case of serious menstrual irregularities, it is necessary to consult not only a gynecologist, but also an endocrinologist.

Bloody, brown discharge during pregnancy

They are one of the most dangerous symptoms, which cannot be ignored at all stages of pregnancy. Possible reasons are described below.

1. Hormonal changes. Surely, you have heard from experienced women that menstruation can occur during pregnancy. This phenomenon is very rare, but does occur in some expectant mothers. Moreover, spotting appears only in certain weeks, with the same regularity as menstruation. It is because of this rare feature of the female body that in areas where medical care was poor, pregnancy was sometimes determined on the basis of symptoms such as visual enlargement of the uterus (abdomen), movement of the child and a vertical stripe (pigmentation) on the abdomen, appearing only in the middle of the term .

2. Ectopic pregnancy. In the early stages, you need to think about this diagnosis if brown or bloody discharge appears. If the test is positive but you have discharge, see your doctor. During an early examination, the doctor is unlikely to be able to determine where the fertilized egg is developing - in the uterus or not. But on an ultrasound everything becomes clear. If hCG is above 1000 mU/ml, the pregnancy is more than 4 weeks (from the first day of the last menstrual cycle), but there is no fertilized egg in the uterus, there is reason to suspect an ectopic pregnancy. Another one of her distinctive feature is a slow rise in hCG.

3. Frozen pregnancy. It is less dangerous than ectopic, but still requires prompt diagnosis. One of the main signs of a frozen woman is, again, spotting, which intensifies when a miscarriage begins. When frozen, the fetal heartbeat is not detected on ultrasound, hCG stops growing, and its concentration in the blood and urine decreases.

4. Threatened or incipient miscarriage. Scanty brown discharge may be a sign of a hematoma formed as a result of detachment. This condition does not require treatment. If you notice scarlet blood on your underwear and the discharge is quite profuse, you need urgent hospitalization. This is the only way to save a pregnancy. Miscarriage cannot be avoided if the cervix has already dilated and there is a large detachment of the chorion or placenta.

This is what different types of vaginal discharge mean. And that's not all of them possible reasons. Don't forget to visit your gynecologist regularly (at least once a year).

09.07.2019 17:52:00
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