What causes purulent discharge. Purulent discharge from the vagina: when to see a doctor. Purulent discharge with trichomoniasis

In recent days and in the past, many new infections have appeared that affect the reproductive and reproductive systems of women.

In addition to the inflammatory process during the course of the disease, often, another negative effect is added - against the background of odorless and itching, or other diverse variations can irreparably disrupt the state of health.

The reasons

A huge range of causes includes a large number of inflammatory processes, the consequences of medical manipulations, violations of cleanliness, ignoring the rules of asepsis and antisepsis, or one's own exacerbated allergic sensitivity.

Inflammations include:

colpitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the vagina);
cervicitis (isolated inflammation of the cervical mucosa);
salpingitis (inflammatory reaction acts on the fallopian tubes);
oophoritis (damage to the uterine appendages, in the face of the ovaries);
endometritis (inflammation of the uterine mucosa);
myometritis (pathological process in the muscular layer of the uterus);
parametritis (inflammation of the outer serous covering of the uterus);
trichomoniasis (pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis);
gonorrhea ();
uterine cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, or fallopian tubes;
chronic diseases of the reproductive system.

Inattention in individual prevention includes:

violation of intimate hygiene;
alternating anal and vaginal sex;
untimely visit to the gynecologist (required 2 times a year).
Individual factors complement:
endocrine disorders (diabetes, excess weight, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, Addison-Birmer's disease);
allergy to intimate hygiene products;
dysbacteriosis of the genital tract (violation of microflora).

Medical reasons may include:

abortion;
long-term treatment with antibiotics or sulfa drugs;
use of contraceptive systems (hormonal contraception, intrauterine device, progestin oral contraceptives).

Allocations

When taking hormonal drugs or in an allergic condition, the amount of discharge changes significantly. When the color and smell change, it can be argued that pathological discharge has appeared - “leucorrhea”.

The acidity of the vagina changes, hormonal background and indicators of normal microflora. For example, during pregnancy in the second trimester bodily fluids become whitish and thick.

Among the places of localization of pathological whites, there are:

uterus;
Cervix;
vagina;
the fallopian tubes;
vaginal vestibule.

Their quantity and quality vary considerably, and therefore the symptoms will differ. The duration of treatment is influenced by the place of localization, as well as by the amount of the pathogenic agent.

With smell

Trichomoniasis in women

Non-specific inflammation of the vagina occurs with cloudy discharge and a sharp tart odor.

Vaginal candidiasis is characterized by white, abundant and thick discharge with crumbs or plates, which resemble “curd mass” with a sour smell.

Yellow or chronic yellow-green discharge of a frothy nature with an unpleasant odor, along with severe itching, burning and urinary disorders are characteristic of.

The acute onset of the disease with a very thick white purulent discharge and a strong fever indicate gonorrhea (a very dangerous disease that affects the fallopian tubes and ovaries, the inner ball of the uterus and leads to infertility).

Chlamydia is characterized by yellow discharge from the cervix and spasmodic pain in the abdomen, vagina, and lower back.

Red-brown spotting discharges have oxidized blood domains, they do not depend on menstrual cycle. Their appearance is typical after the use of hormonal contraception or intrauterine devices, rough sexual intercourse, in the postpartum period, after operations on the uterus or its neck, even with outside uterine pregnancy.

Bacterial colpitis (vaginosis, gardnerellosis) is characterized by orange or greenish discharge with an unpleasant putrid smell of fish, which are associated with menstruation.

Bloody discharge is normal during menstruation, but, including erosion, uterine cancer. After medical manipulations (biopsy - taking tissues for analysis, curettage - removing tissues for diagnostic analysis, laparoscopy - instrumental examination of organs abdominal cavity). Often this is characteristic of post-abortion conditions or therapeutic diseases (hypothyroidism - thyroid insufficiency, hemophilia - increased bleeding, leukemia - blood cancer).

Without smell

Physiological secretions are not plentiful, liquid, transparent or slightly cloudy. Usually, their number increases during pregnancy or sexual arousal, also in stress and climate change, but no very unpleasant odor is present.

The quality of the smell depends on hygiene, eating, having sex, as well as on the individual characteristics of the body.

If there is itching

This indicates a violation of hygiene or the reproduction of an infectious agent in the tissues, which provokes irritation of the walls of the vagina and high impulsivity. From the internal coatings, itching moves to the labia, followed by the perineum and anal area, reaching the inner thighs.

Itching is a consistent symptom of the occurrence of diseases that are sexually transmitted and lesions of the genitourinary system (syphilis, donovanosis, chlamydia, genital herpes,), atrophy (kraurosis of the vagina and external genital organs - a precancerous condition with dryness and itching; atrophy with menopause - dryness, tingling and severe itching during intercourse), neoplasms (fibroma - a tumor of the connective tissue, polyps - a precancerous growth of benign tissues, myoma - a tumor of muscle tissue, cyst - a pathological cavity with walls and contents).

Mucopurulent discharge

They are accompanied by itching and burning against the background of discomfort. They have an unpleasant odor and a liquid consistency. A common underlying cause is an inflammatory syndrome that acidifies the secretory substance of the vagina.

The yellowish or green color is due to the presence of dead white blood cells and their mixing with thick, viscous mucus. All this indicates inflammation and the existence of a specific pathogen.

Treatment

To start treatment, you first need to get advice from a doctor who will prescribe an analysis for taking a vaginal smear, which determines the number of leukocytes (cells of the inflammatory process) and the number of pathogen cells.

Preparations and procedures

Medical treatment includes:

antiseptics (Rivanol, Chlorhexidine Bigluconate, Chlorophyllipt);
solid dosage forms(intravaginal capsules, a course of 12 pieces, 1 time per day - Polygynax);
antichlamydia (Cliromycin, Pefloxacin, Azithromycin, Erythromycin);
antitrichomonas (Metronidazole, Tripochol, Amoxicillin);
sulfanilamide (Biseptol, Ftalazol, Sulfadimetoksin).

The doctor prescribes special course treatment, establishes a schedule of visits and a diagnostic system. With the help of antiseptics, procedures such as douching (washing the vagina and genital organs) or irrigation (irrigation of pathological foci with medicine) can be carried out.

What to do at home

At home, you can make a vaginal bath for 15-20 minutes, using a disposable gynecological mirror and a therapeutic solution. This procedure is only recommended for early dates pregnancy. For medicinal solutions, celandine, calendula, cinquefoil, eucalyptus are used.

To strengthen the immune system, use viburnum or barberry juice.

Folk remedies

Every day you need to rinse the genitals for 15-20 minutes, and walk outside in warm clothes.

A dessert spoon of nettle or blueberry juice, a decoction of St. John's wort normalize the microflora of the vagina.

Prevention before and during treatment

The order of preventive (warning) actions is as follows:

Observe the hygiene of the genitourinary system.
Don't get cold.
Visit the gynecologist twice a year.
Conduct decent sexual life
Conduct immunoprophylaxis 3-5 times a year.

Throughout the duration of treatment, one should carefully monitor one's own hygiene, often change underwear and not have sexual relations (they continue after negative tests for the pathogen).

Date: 30-04-2019
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If there is purulent discharge in women, the reasons can be very different. This is a symptom of diseases of the genital organs. Almost every woman at least once in her life faced a similar problem. Normally, the nature of the discharge depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle. In phase 1, they are scarce, transparent or slightly whitish in color. During the release of the eggs, the whites are transparent and stretchy, and in the second half of the cycle they are thicker and often resemble jelly.

Why does pus appear?

The appearance of purulent discharge in women is always a pathology. Most often, the cause is bacterial diseases, since pus is a mixture of bacteria, white blood cells and other components. There are the following etiological factors:

vaginitis;
inflammation of the cervix;
salpingoophoritis (damage to the uterine appendages);
inflammation of the uterine mucosa;
trichomoniasis;
gonorrhea;
cancer of the body of the uterus;

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Purulent discharge in women is very rarely the only symptom of the disease. Very often there are pains in the lower abdomen, general malaise, menstrual irregularities, bleeding. Dysuric phenomena are possible.

In inflammatory diseases, not only the volume of secretions changes, but also their color, as well as consistency. They are greenish or yellow color with an unpleasant odor. Often, the discharge contains lumps or an admixture of blood. If the condition does not normalize, then it is urgent to contact a gynecologist.

Pathological manifestations in endometritis

Causes of pus in the whites include endometritis. This is an inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium). This organ is located deep in the pelvis. Often, the muscle layer also becomes inflamed. In this case, metroendometritis develops. The development of the inflammatory process is based on damage to the mucous membrane of the organ or the penetration of infection through the vagina from the outside during sexual intercourse.

There are the following reasons for the development of this pathology:

medical abortion;
diagnostic curettage of the uterus;
sounding;
examination of the organ and fallopian tubes;
spiral installation;
non-compliance with douching rules.

Most often, the appearance of secretions is due to streptococcal infection, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and other microbes. Purulent discharge indicates acute inflammation of the uterus. Leucorrhea is purulent-bloody or mucopurulent. They smell unpleasant, are combined with fever, pain in the lower abdomen, general malaise.

Postpartum endometritis is very common. It is caused by infection during or after childbirth. Inflammation occurs in almost every second woman who has had C-section. Other symptoms of the disease include increased heart rate and impaired urination. In the case of chronic endometritis, menstrual irregularities and pathological discharge come to the fore.

Signs of cervicitis

When purulent discharge appears in a woman, the causes may include isolated inflammation of the cervix. This disease is called cervicitis. The cervix is the barrier between the vagina and the uterine lining. Inflammation in it can cause both nonspecific (cocci, E. coli, fungi) and specific microflora (gonococci, treponema, Trichomonas).

The following risk factors for this pathology are distinguished:

artificial termination of pregnancy;
diseases of the rectum;
installation and removal of intrauterine devices;
birth trauma;
scraping.

The disease is often combined with vaginitis and inflammation of the vulva. The vast majority of patients are women aged 20 to 50 years. Cervicitis is manifested by the following symptoms:

purulent or mucous discharge from the genital tract;
dull pain in the lower abdomen;
discomfort.

Cervicitis is dangerous because it can cause miscarriages and early births.

Symptoms of vaginitis

The most common cause of pus in the discharge is colpitis (vaginitis, inflammation of the vagina).

This is an infectious and inflammatory disease. The causative agent is most often opportunistic microflora. Under certain circumstances (against the background of dysbacteriosis or a decrease in immunity), uncontrolled growth of bacteria occurs, which leads to inflammation.

There are primary and secondary colpitis. Primary inflammation develops immediately in the vaginal area. In the secondary inflammatory process spreads from the vulva. There are the following risk factors for the development of vaginitis:

non-compliance with the rules of intimate hygiene;
endocrine disorders (diabetes, obesity);
the presence of sexually transmitted diseases;
abortion;
alternating anal and vaginal sex;
long-term antibiotic treatment;
vaginal dysbacteriosis;
chronic diseases of the genital organs;
allergy to intimate hygiene products.

In girls, colpitis can develop on the background of a sore throat or scarlet fever. A risk factor for the development of vaginitis is mechanical damage to the mucosa during masturbation or sexual intercourse. Vaginitis is manifested by profuse discharge, itching, burning, swelling of the mucosa, pain during urination, and abdominal pain. Allocations are purulent in nature, but can also be mucous. Often they are determined by the admixture of blood. The discharge has a fetid odor.

Cause of genital infections

Purulent discharge in women is a symptom of gonorrhea and trichomoniasis. These are sexually transmitted diseases. The causative agent is gonococcus. Infection of women is possible with any type of sexual intercourse (traditional, anal) and even petting. Infection is possible when wearing someone else's underwear or when using towels.

The following women are at risk:

sexually promiscuous without the use of a condom;
commercial sex workers;
under 25 years old;
pregnant women;
those who use drugs and alcohol;
having other STIs.

Gonorrhea can affect the cervix, vagina, and rectum. Often, the appendages (fallopian tubes and ovaries) become inflamed. The acute form of gonorrhea is manifested by purulent or serous-purulent discharge, frequent and painful separation of urine, bleeding, and abdominal pain. Ulcers often form on the mucous membrane of the genital organs.

Every second woman has mild symptoms. With the spread of infection above, the temperature rises significantly and symptoms of intoxication appear. In chronic gonorrhea, purulent discharge may be the only complaint. No less common cause of pathological discharge mixed with pus is trichomoniasis.

More than 100 million new cases of the disease are diagnosed each year. Most patients are women. Trichomonas are active when the pH of the vagina increases. Normally, the reaction varies from 3.8 to 4.4. The optimal reaction of the medium for these microbes is 5.5-6.6. There are the following risk factors for the development of trichomoniasis:

acidity changes during and after menstruation;

sexual contact with a sick man;
abortions and childbirth;
decrease in immunity.

Allocations in this disease have the following features:

yellow or green;
often foam;
have a bad smell;
plentiful.

Additional symptoms include discomfort during intercourse, burning or pain when urinating, and vaginal itching.

Therapeutic tactics for diseases

Before treating sick women, a number of studies are carried out:

microscopic examination of smears;

Ultrasound of the uterus and appendages;
x-ray examination;
general blood and urine tests;
blood chemistry;
determination of the causative agent of the disease by PCR or ELISA;
examination of the cervix;
colposcopy.

If necessary, laparoscopy is performed. Treatment of sick women is determined by the underlying pathology. With bacterial colpitis, drug therapy is performed. Antibiotics, immunomodulators, suppositories are used to restore microflora. With the development of atrophic colpitis, estrogens are indicated.

Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents are used in the form of oral tablets, injection solutions, vaginal suppositories, gels and vaginal tablets. If trichomonas caused vaginitis, then Metronidazole is used. Treatment lasts 1-1.5 weeks. When acute endometritis is detected, antibiotics (cephalosporins and Metragil) are prescribed intravenously.

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Be sure to use vitamins and immunostimulants. If necessary, diagnostic curettage is performed. During the recovery period, physiotherapy is indicated. In the treatment of cervicitis, combined agents (Terzhinan) are often used. They are effective against bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Chlamydial cervicitis is an indication for the appointment of tetracyclines (Doxycycline).

In the remission phase, it is recommended to treat the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix with antiseptics. Treatment of acute inflammation of the uterine appendages is carried out in a hospital. It involves the use of antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides), heavy drinking, the introduction of infusion solutions. Thus, the appearance of purulent discharge in a woman is a reason to visit medical institution and surveys. Self-medication can lead to complications.

Most often, purulent discharge from the vagina in women is a sign of the presence inflammatory diseases covering women's genital area. The appearance of purulent discharge from the vagina cannot be ignored, they require an appeal to a gynecologist for the purpose of examination, identification of the cause of such a phenomenon and further treatment. It is highly not recommended to try to cure yourself, since you can remove the external manifestations of the disease, leaving the cause of the disease.

Causes of purulent discharge

The source of purulent discharge that appears in women is the presence of gynecological diseases, in most cases of an inflammatory nature. It can be inflammation of the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, vagina, cervix.

The appearance of purulent discharge from the fallopian tubes is an extremely rare occurrence, more often there is a purulent discharge from the uterine cavity, the occurrence of which is associated with abortion, oncological diseases. Most often you have to deal with purulent discharge, which are caused by various types pathogens of inflammatory processes in the cervix, vagina, and also on the external genitalia. The main reason for the appearance of purulent discharge from the vagina is latent infections, such as mycoplasmosis, chlamydia, which are combined with opportunistic microflora that has joined it (enterococci, E. coli, streptococci, etc.). In this case, a woman finds mucopurulent discharge some time after the infection has occurred. It is possible to reduce these secretions and even disappear if the disease is not treated, but they will reappear in the event of an exacerbation of the disease.

The most common diseases in which purulent discharge from the vagina appears are:

trichomoniasis;
bacterial vaginitis;
inflammation.

Purulent discharge with trichomoniasis

With trichomoniasis, purulent discharge appears from the vagina, accompanied by itching, unpleasant odor, burning, painful sensations during intercourse, and also during urination. With trichomoniasis, the discharge is frothy, plentiful, and has a yellowish-green color. If the course of the disease is acute, then the appearance of abundant discharge is noted, in the chronic course of the disease, the abundance of discharge decreases. From the moment of infection with trichomoniasis until the first signs of the disease appear, it can take from 5 to 15 days. The body does not have a strong immunity to trichomoniasis, and therefore the disease can be infected several times. Treatment of the disease should be carried out not only in a woman, but also in a sexual partner.

In the case of a long period of not contacting a gynecologist due to trichomoniasis, inflammatory processes of the vagina and cervix may develop, and endometritis may occur. In addition, the transition of the disease to a chronic form is possible, after which it acts as the main cause of pregnancy pathologies, infertility, and cervical cancer.

Purulent discharge from bacterial vaginitis

There are many bacteria that can cause non-specific discharge in women. In the event of a decrease in immunity, resistance to infections, with bacterial vaginosis, an imbalance in the normal microflora of the vagina, after childbirth, gynecological operations and manipulations, prolonged use of antibiotics, in case of insufficient hygiene care against the background of thrush, bacterial vaginitis may develop.

Often there is a combination of bacterial vaginitis, fungal and bacterial vaginosis. With bacterial vaginitis, vaginal discharge is abundant, purulent, frothy, having a yellow- green color accompanied by an unpleasant odor, burning, itching in the vulva. In addition, the manifestations of bacterial vaginitis include the appearance of painful sensations during urination and during sexual intercourse.

Treatment of bacterial vaginitis is usually limited to the use of local funds: tablets, suppositories, capsules. To get rid of bacterial vaginitis, antibiotics are often prescribed, in the case of trichomonas vaginitis, this is trichopolum or metronidazole tablets. For the treatment of non-infectious forms of the disease, irritating factors are eliminated.

Purulent discharge during inflammation

In case of inflammation of the internal genital organs, a woman may experience purulent discharge, accompanied by the appearance of pain in the lower abdomen, a violation of general well-being and the menstrual cycle. In the case of purulent inflammation of the cervix, fallopian tubes or ovaries, the discharge from the vagina is colored green, thick, mixed with mucus, which, in turn, is released from the cervical canal. Precipitation is characterized by stress enhancement.

The surface of the vagina is composed of epithelial tissue and a large number glands, main goal which is the production of lubricant. Lubrication in the body of a woman is produced to protect the genitals from various infections. Normal discharge should be clear and odorless. Therefore, various deviations in color and consistency are an alarm signal indicating the presence of a disease. This is especially true in cases where the discharge in women is purulent.

Factors

The presence of purulent discharge most often indicates that in the body, most likely, certain pathological processes occur that are inflammatory or infectious in nature.

Purulent discharge in women, causes, treatment:

Infections caused by bacteria. For example, vulvovaginitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, colpitis, etc.
Inflammatory phenomena in the genitals: parametritis, adnexitis, endometritis, etc.
Pathologies caused by complications after childbirth.
Infections of the organs of the reproductive system obtained during unprotected intercourse. The most common infections are: chlamydia, ureaplasma, gonococci, herpes virus, trichomonas, etc.
Neoplasms in the area of the organs of the reproductive system, caused by oncology. For example, uterine cancer.

Infectious diseases of the genital organ in 99% of cases are sexually transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person or from a passive carrier of the disease.

Have you already consulted a doctor?

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Most inflammatory pathologies leading to purulent discharge appear due to a violation of the microflora of the vagina, as well as damage to the mucous membrane of the uterus or vagina.

Such types of damage can be obtained in the following cases:

after a surgical abortion or other intervention, accompanied by complications;
as a result of the birth process;
as a result of curettage of the uterus, both therapeutic and diagnostic;
during installation or, conversely, uninstallation of the uterine spiral;
with any other surgical interventions in the gynecological area.

A number of complications as a result of gynecological manipulations may appear 2-3 days after the procedure. As a rule, purulent discharge is accompanied by various additional symptoms.

In particular, they may be accompanied by:

burning and discomfort during urination;
cramping pains in the lower abdomen. The intensity of pain can be different;
drawing pains in the area hip joints and back;
swelling and redness of the organs of the reproductive system;
increase (jumps) in body temperature, severe chills.

Along with purulent discharge, itching may be felt in the vaginal area or on the genitals themselves. Itching can be very weak or, on the contrary, strong.

Most often, women with various diseases of the reproductive system have purulent, odorless mucous discharge with whitish or greenish blotches, which often smell like fish. They may also have blood clots or streaks. In general, the features of the discharge depend on the specific disease.

Before menstruation

In gynecology, it is not customary to link the nature and abundance of secretion and. However, there are cases when purulent vaginal discharge with impurities of a yellowish or greenish tint intensifies a few days before the onset of menstruation.

Also, before the onset of menstruation, other symptoms of the inflammatory process appear: fever, pain, itching. Often there may also be a delay in regulation.

When menstruation is delayed

Purulent secretion from the vagina and delayed regulation can occur for the same reasons. Purulent fluid during the delay indicates the presence genital infections, inflammatory diseases of the appendages or uterine mucosa. During a strong course of the disease, ovulation may be disturbed. There is also a failure in the formation and rejection of the endometrial layer of the uterine body.

In the purulent fluid during the delay of menstruation, there may be clots with dark blood, there is heaviness in the lower abdomen. Gynecological examination may also show that the patient has an enlargement of the cervical canal. All this is an indicator of the growth of functional mucosa. The delay in menstruation in this case will be short.

During critical days

The consistency of the secret at the onset of critical days may be different. In women with heavy menstruation, purulent admixture may be insignificant and inconspicuous. The mucus turns yellow when there is less blood flow, towards the end of the period. Sometimes purulent discharge during regular give menstruation a black or brown-green color. Such discharge looks very unpleasant and can even scare.

In recent days, menstruation begins to stand out more, the discharge after menstruation becomes plentiful, so you have to use the same amount of hygiene products as in the first days of the regulation.

After menstruation

At the end of the regulation, a dangerous period begins for many gynecological diseases. At this time, hormonal reformation takes place in the woman's body. Humidity causes the growth of unfavorable microflora, so many infections at this moment begin to activate. Most inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system after menstruation accompanied by the following symptoms:

Brown purulent discharge appear immediately after the end of critical days. Existing exacerbations can be hidden behind various pathologies.
1-3 days after the end of menstruation, white substances are discharged from the vagina along with clots of yellow or green color.
Possible bleeding. The purulent fluid will contain small reddish streaks or a pinkish substance.

Vaginal discharge is the result of the work of glands located in the mucous membrane of the vagina. By the nature of the discharge, it is possible to assess the state of the organs of the female genital area.

Normal vaginal discharge is not considered a disease, as it is necessary for normal functioning reproductive system. In the vestibule of the vagina and near the cervix, there are secretory glands that produce mucus, which is necessary to moisturize the mucous membrane and form a healthy microflora. Healthy secretions are formed in a small volume, they are transparent, odorless and are not accompanied by pain and itching. When the type of discharge changes, this indicates the presence of a pathological process in the organs of the female genital area.

Types of secretions

Depending on the amount of mucus produced, the discharge is divided into scanty, abundant and normal.

Meager is called discharge, which is not enough for the normal functioning of the vagina and external genital organs. The mucous membranes begin to dry out and crack. During sexual intercourse, friction and pain are felt. Scanty discharge is the result of hormonal changes due to age, endocrine disease, or taking hormonal drugs.

Abundant discharge is called, which leads to a constant feeling of moisture in the vagina. They are visible on underwear. Abundant discharge can be diagnosed in young women during ovulation in the middle of the menstrual cycle, they are transparent and do not have an unpleasant odor. During pregnancy, especially before childbirth, the discharge also becomes more abundant. These are healthy secretions, they should not be feared. If the consistency, volume, color or smell of secretions changes, this indicates the beginning of the pathological process.

Discharge is considered natural if it sufficiently moisturizes the vagina and does not cause anxiety. In the presence of normal discharge, additional moistening of the vagina before intercourse is not required.

The consistency of the discharge varies into watery, mucous, cheesy and foamy.

Liquid discharge - watery and mucous - odorless and colors appear normal. Watery discharge is noted in the middle of the cycle during the period of ovulation, mucous membranes appear during intercourse and serve as a lubricant.
thick curdled discharge indicate the presence of a fungal infection. Doctors usually diagnose candidiasis. The secretions resemble liquid cottage cheese, they are not uniform in consistency.
Foamy discharge indicates the presence of a bacterial infection. This is especially dangerous if they have an unpleasant odor or a pronounced color. Foamy secretions are hallmark trichomoniasis.

The color of the discharge distinguish between transparent (normal), white, bloody, yellow, green and brown.

Clear discharge is normal. Usually they are invisible on underwear and on the body.
Thick white discharge indicates the presence of candidiasis (thrush). In a healthy state, white discharge may appear before childbirth.
bloody and brown discharge- the most dangerous, as they signal the presence of blood in the vagina. Normally, they occur only during menstruation. When taking hormonal contraception, especially in the first months, the appearance of intermenstrual bleeding is acceptable, this is considered normal and indicates the body's adaptation to artificial hormones. In other cases bloody issues indicate the presence of a serious pathology or the onset of bleeding.
Yellow and green discharge indicates the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process.

By smell, discharges are differentiated without smell, with a sweet smell, with a sour smell, with an unpleasant smell.

The phrase "odorless discharge" is arbitrary, since all human discharge is characterized by some smell. In a healthy state, this smell is pleasant and barely perceptible. It is individual for each person. Since a person feels it constantly, he eventually ceases to feel it. If a woman does not smell the discharge, it can be said that the discharge is odorless.
Discharge with a sweetish or sour smell most often speaks of thrush. Candida fungi use sugar for food, love it and settle in a sugar-rich environment.
Discharge with an unpleasant odor is caused by a bacterial infection. They often smell like stale fish. Anaerobic bacteria give the characteristic smell of fish. The stronger the smell, the stronger the infection.

Reasons for the appearance

Intimate secretions serve as a kind of indicator of the health of the female sphere.

With natural secretions that do not cause discomfort, we can conclude that the organs of the female reproductive system are healthy. However, regular examinations by a gynecologist at the beginning of the cycle are still necessary. Many pathological processes pass without symptoms; only a gynecological examination and laboratory tests can show their presence.

The type of discharge in a healthy woman can be affected by several factors. It's stress, climate change, taking hormonal drugs, taking strong drugs, allergic reactions. Also, the nature of the discharge can be affected by personal hygiene.

A woman should be concerned when the discharge changes in consistency, acquires a strange color or smell, and their intensity changes. Often, such discharge is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, itching, pain in the perineum, irritation of the external genital organs, and discomfort during urination.

There are some symptoms by which you can preliminarily determine the disease. Of course, an accurate diagnosis is possible only with a doctor after an examination and laboratory diagnosis, but the appearance of some can give a more or less accurate picture of the disease.

White curdled discharge with a sweetish or sour smell indicates candidiasis. Other symptoms of candidiasis are:

burning, itching in the vagina and external genitalia;
swelling of the vagina after intercourse;
pain during urination and during intercourse.

Profuse yellow or foul-smelling bloody discharge may indicate bacterial vaginitis. This is an inflammation of the vagina caused by a violation of the microflora. This means that local immunity cannot restrain the growth of pathogenic bacteria, they attack the cells of the vagina, and the inflammatory process begins. Characteristic symptoms bacterial vaginitis:

redness, itching and swelling of the genital organs;
pulling pains in the lower abdomen;
painful intercourse;
a slight increase in body temperature;
weakness and fatigue;
frequent urination.

Abundant frothy leucorrhoea with an unpleasant odor may indicate trichomoniasis. The causative agent of the disease are Trichomonas. The following symptoms are also observed:

irritation of the genitals and inner thighs;
erosion of the mucous membranes of the intimate zone;
pain when urinating;
pain in the lower abdomen;
pain during intercourse.

Homogeneous yellow-green discharge with an unpleasant odor can be a sign of gonorrhea. This is an acute infectious disease caused by gonococcus and sexually transmitted. The symptoms of gonorrhea are:

itching and pain in the urethra and vagina;
increase in body temperature;
separation of pus from the vagina;
frequent painful urination;
enlargement and soreness of the lymph nodes;
weakness;
nausea;
loss of appetite.

Serous-purulent discharge with blood often indicates the presence of a cyst in the uterus or its appendages. Symptoms of a cyst, in addition to spotting, are:

discomfort in the vagina;
pain in the lower abdomen;
pain during intercourse;
increase in menstrual flow;
violation of the menstrual cycle;
painful menstruation.

Bright yellow and green discharge in copious amounts with a very unpleasant odor signal endometritis. This is an inflammation of the uterus caused by bacteria or trauma. Symptoms of endometritis:

acute pain in the abdomen, in its lower part;
fever with chills;
increased heart rate;
painful urination;
weakness;
an increase in the uterus caused by inflammation of the tissues;
heavy and painful periods;
infertility.

Brown discharge during a delay in menstruation can inform about the pathological course of pregnancy, for example, an ectopic pregnancy. You can judge the likelihood of this pathology by the following symptoms:

lack of menstruation;
sharp or cramping pain in the lower abdomen, usually on the side;
toxicosis and other signs of pregnancy.

This is a very dangerous condition that requires immediate medical attention. Even if the pregnancy is uterine, but spotting is present, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this is a sign of a threatened abortion.

Which doctor should I contact for unhealthy vaginal discharge

If the discharge is unnatural in color, smell or consistency, you should visit a gynecologist. The doctor will ask about symptoms, perform a visual examination, take a vaginal swab, and make a diagnosis based on the test results. Analysis vaginal discharge will show if there is a bacterial, viral or fungal infection, what is the degree of infection. After that, an ultrasound examination of the organs of the reproductive system is prescribed. Ultrasound will show the size of the organs of the female system, their position, the presence of neoplasms, such as cysts or tumors, and will help specify the diagnosis. In addition, the doctor prescribes a complete blood count, cytological examination and / or colposcopy.

With a cyst or tumor, an additional consultation with an oncologist will be required. If you experience heavy discharge against the background of stress, it is useful to consult a psychologist. If sexually transmitted diseases are detected, an immunologist's consultation will be required. With a long course of diseases, it is useful to contact an immunologist and assess the immune status. With abundant discharge against the background of allergies, it is recommended to consult an allergist. In children, unhealthy discharge is assessed by a pediatric gynecologist and pediatrician.

How to treat abnormal vaginal discharge

Treatment of problematic discharge should always be carried out with the participation of a doctor after a thorough diagnosis.

With a bacterial infection and inflammation against its background, antimicrobial drugs are prescribed. Antibiotics are prescribed orally and topically in the form of suppositories, creams, ointments.

For fungal infections, antifungal drugs are prescribed. It is worth remembering that thrush is a local manifestation of extensive damage to the body by a fungus, and its treatment is not limited to suppositories and creams. The bulk of the fungus is in the intestines, so the whole body as a whole, and not just the vagina, should be treated.

At viral infection appoint antiviral drugs. Viruses are dangerous organisms, and doctors have not yet learned how to effectively treat them. This is where immunity plays an important role.

When neoplasms appear, their conservative treatment or removal is possible. Here the decisive role is played by the nature of the neoplasm - benign or malignant - and the speed of its development.

In uterine pregnancy with the threat of miscarriage, the patient is sent to the hospital, the condition of the uterus, placenta, and fetus is examined. With an ectopic pregnancy, the immediate removal of the fetal egg from the woman's body is required.

In any case, when an unhealthy discharge appears, very careful hygiene is required, since many pathological discharges corrode the skin of the genitals. Sometimes the doctor prescribes baths with medicinal solutions and douching.

There are many folk methods discharge treatment. They sometimes help, but sometimes they can blur the clinical picture and make it difficult to diagnose and treat the disease. Of the folk methods, washing with decoctions of herbs is considered safe and useful. Chamomile, calendula, St. John's wort relieve inflammation, increase local immunity and soothe irritated skin. In no case should foreign objects be introduced into the vagina, as some advise folk recipes. This can harm the microflora and injure the already irritated vaginal mucosa.

How to prevent abnormal vaginal discharge

The first rule of preventing painful discharge is regular hygiene. It is necessary to wash yourself every time after visiting the toilet and in the evening before going to bed. Washing is carried out with clean warm water with special means for intimate hygiene. Ordinary soap can destroy the natural microflora and promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Hot water kills beneficial lactobacilli, and cold can exacerbate a viral infection.

Underwear should be changed daily. Linen should let air through and absorb moisture, therefore, linen made from natural fabrics - cotton, linen is recommended. Synthetic underwear should not be worn all the time. Tight underwear and thongs irritate the skin of the genitals and reduce local immunity. Gynecologists do not advise using panty liners, as they interfere with air exchange. It's better to change your underwear more often.

The nature of the discharge is also affected by nutrition. Ingestion of sweet foods large quantities increases blood sugar and promotes the rapid reproduction of Candida fungi.