Can menstruation go without clots? Causes of heavy periods with clots: a sign of the disease and the norm. Presence of an intrauterine device

Almost every woman has seen blood clots on her pad during menstruation. They can be small or large, released rarely or often. Sometimes the clots resemble pieces of a torn liver, and this frightens the woman.

Why blood lumps appear and why they are dangerous to health, you will learn further.

Are blood clots during menstruation normal?

Monthly reproductive system produces an egg that goes through all stages of development, and at the moment of ovulation becomes ready for fertilization. The hormonal system and reproductive organs prepare for pregnancy, as a result of which the inner layer of the uterus, the endometrium, thickens. If a woman carefully protects herself, conception does not occur. Levels of certain hormones begin to decrease.

Under the influence of hormones, the blood supply to the uterine cavity also decreases. The endometrium is rejected as unnecessary and leaves reproductive organ through the genital tract. In other words, menstruation is coming - a muco-blood mass with endometrial particles. Menstrual flow should not be too thin.

When studying the question of why menstruation occurs with blood clots, we will immediately consider the phenomenon from the normal side. In most cases, they are released after a change in body position. If a woman lies or sits for a long time, the blood in the uterus stagnates and slowly coagulates. But after she gets up and moves around the room, the discharge quickly comes out with clots. This is fine.

It is also necessary to take into account that on critical days the body produces enzymes whose properties are similar to anticoagulants. During moderate menstruation, they reduce the rate of blood clotting. With heavy discharge, specific enzymes do not have time to cope with their functions, and menstruation occurs with clots.

Blood clots during menstruation as a sign of pathology

If menstruation occurs with large blood clots that resemble liver, and menstruation itself resembles bleeding and is accompanied by severe pain, this indicates a deviation.

Let's consider the main reasons for this negative phenomenon.

Poor blood clotting. Blood quickly clots in the uterine cavity, because the necessary enzymes do not act.
Intrauterine device. The body mistakes a mechanical contraceptive for a foreign body. Unusual conditions affect the nature of the discharge.
. In addition to thick bloody discharge, the woman is bothered by pain in the lower abdomen and hyperthermia.
Childbirth/abortion/curettage. The first or operations are pathological. The size of the clots reaches a length of 12 cm. Copious thick discharge can leave the body against the background of elevated body temperature. In this case, you need to consult a doctor and examine the uterus. It is possible that there are placenta particles left in the cavity. Now you know why large blood clots come out during menstruation.
Uterine fibroids. The development of a benign tumor is mainly reproductive organ disrupts a stable cycle and makes monthly discharge abundant and thick.
Hormonal disorders. An incorrect balance of hormones makes menstruation irregular, intense, and thick. Sometimes the discharge is brown in color.
Endometriosis. Hyperplasia, that is, abnormal growth of the uterine mucosa, often leads to the presence of large blood clots in the menstrual flow. The causes of endometriosis and blood clots during menstruation are endocrine disorders, including obesity and diabetes, and hypertension.
Incorrect structure of the internal genital organs. The development of a girl's genital organs begins in the prenatal period. Improper formation of the structure distorts the body of the uterus, causing it to become unicornuated, bicornuate, curved or saddle-shaped (there may be other anomalies, for example, an intrauterine septum). Such deviations disrupt the contractility of the uterus during menstruation, so bleeding increases and clots come out.
Oncological diseases. Malignant neoplasms in the organs of the reproductive system provoke bleeding with clots in different phases of the cycle.
Iron-deficiency anemia. Insufficient iron in the blood leads to decreased hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin is a protein responsible for supplying cells with oxygen. A deficiency of the substance disrupts the functioning of the body and leads to weakness, nausea, dizziness and painful periods. Clots 2–4 cm in size are visible in the discharge.
Ovarian cysts. Enlarged ovaries with cyst-like formations cause pain and discomfort. Unpleasant sensations intensify during sexual intercourse. Functional cysts distort the hormonal status and prolong the 2nd phase of MC. Bleeding becomes irregular. When menstrual periods begin, the discharge is abundant with clots.
Endometrial polyposis. The growth of the inner layer of the uterus occurs according to the formation of polyps. The disease causes pain in the lower abdomen and menstruation with clots.
The use of drugs that accelerate the onset of menstruation. When menstruation is delayed, some women, without consulting a doctor, take Duphaston, Norkolut and other pills that speed up bleeding. The appearance of clots during menstruation in this case is due to the fact that the delay did not occur due to progesterone deficiency.

Heavy bleeding with clots on menstrual days can worry a woman with infectious diseases of the pelvic organs. Also, the consistency of discharge is affected by excess vitamin B and insufficient fluid intake.

What is the danger of menstruation that comes with clots?

The presence of small single blood clots is allowed in menstrual discharge. But if dark pieces come out, accompanied by additional symptoms, you need to consult a doctor for clarification.

Worried about dizziness.
Body temperature fluctuates between 37.5 – 40°C.
Outside of menstruation, brown discharge appeared.
Severe pain and other discomfort occurs in the abdomen.
There is a pre-fainting state.
Heavy menstruation lasts longer than 7 days.
My period started on time, but it comes with large brown-black clots and my stomach hurts a lot.
During all critical days, blood loss exceeded 150–200 ml (in one cycle).

So why are blood clots during menstruation dangerous? They may be a sign ectopic pregnancy, death of a polyp or other life-threatening condition.

If a woman, unusual menstruation should alert her. Pieces in menstruation indicate that the fertilized egg cannot fixate in the uterine cavity.

If the fertilized egg develops in the fallopian tube, the woman will feel a nagging pain in the right or left side. Sometimes the pain symptom does not appear until the fallopian tube is stretched and completely ruptured. Its contents enter the peritoneum and provoke septic shock. In the absence of urgent medical assistance, the woman dies.

If, during menstruation, not only clots come out, but also the above symptoms appear, you should definitely consult a doctor, regardless of your age and desire to have offspring. Problematic discharge may indicate a serious medical condition.

Diagnosis of pathological menstruation begins with a study of blood clotting and determination of hemoglobin levels. Leukocyte counts will help the doctor verify the presence/absence of an inflammatory process. The patient also undergoes blood tests for hormones and antibodies. The second analysis will help identify infectious agents. If there is a suspicion of cancer, the patient is tested for tumor markers.

A biopsy allows you to determine the nature of the tumor. of the pelvic organs reveals neoplasms, anomalies in location and structure internal organs reproductive system and endometrial hyperplasia. In addition, the cervix and uterine cavity are examined using a hysteroscope. The optical device makes it easier to examine suspicious areas.

Treatment and prevention

Having understood what it is - blood clots during menstruation and what disease they may indicate, let us consider in general terms the treatment of pathology and the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. Conservative therapy aims to eliminate the factors that provoked abnormal bleeding and compensate for the lack of iron.

Drugs for conservative therapy:

Hormonal agents.
Folic acid.
Iron supplements to maintain hemoglobin.
Cyclic vitamin therapy containing vitamins A, E, B, C.

Surgical treatment aims to remove fibroids, intrauterine septum, abnormally overgrown endometrium and other pathological elements. In advanced cases and cancer, removal of the uterus is indicated.

To replenish iron reserves lost through menstruation, the patient is prescribed a diet. The diet should contain the following products:

Buckwheat.
Fish.
Apples.
Eggs.
Veal.
Red meat.
Pork or beef liver.
Butter.
Boiled beets.
Dark meat chicken.

If a woman does not suffer from iron deficiency anemia, such nutrition will still be beneficial. The listed products make menstruation easier. About a week before you expect bleeding, it is recommended to avoid certain foods:

Canned food.
Pickles.
Smoked meats.
Legumes.
Fast foods.
Chips.
Cabbage.
Coffee.
Marinades.
Energetic drinks.

What are the reasons for such dietary restrictions?

The fact is that before menstruation, 1–3 liters of excess fluid concentrates in the body. Salt increases this volume and creates additional stress on the kidneys. But dehydration also negatively affects the menstrual process, so a woman should consume enough water.

Coffee and various energy drinks increase the tone of the uterus and increase pain during menstruation. You should also not consume tonic drinks and foods that promote gas formation in the intestines. According to medical statistics, women with iron deficiency anemia suffer from colitis, gastritis, and enteritis. Compliance safe diet It will be useful for them, even if there are no problems with menstruation.

With a sedentary lifestyle, a woman can conduct a small experiment and observe how her periods go - with clots or not. To do this, a week before your period, you need to do exercises daily. You can do it without complicated exercises.

If blood clots came out during menstruation earlier due to low physical activity, this time the menstruation will pass without lumps. But if exercise and diet fail to change the composition of the discharge, you need to consult a doctor and undergo an examination.

P.S. Remember that periods should not be too uncomfortable and reduce your productivity. If during your critical days you notice large, liver-like pieces of thick blood, immediately go to the clinic or call ambulance with heavy bleeding and poor health.

Waiting for the situation to improve on its own, as well as self-medication, will lead to you missing a serious illness. As cancer progresses, treatment may be useless.

Menstruation is an integral part intimate life every woman. Starting from puberty (11-14 years) and ending with menopause (45-50-55 years), representatives of the fair sex experience several unpleasant days every month, which are called critical.

From a physiological point of view, menstruation is the removal of the inner layer of the uterine mucosa (endometrium), which has not accepted a fertilized egg. Due to the detachment of the endometrium, the small blood vessels that supplied it are exposed. The mucus released during menstruation is the rejected uterine lining, and the blood is a small amount of the contents of the uterine vessels.

The color of blood during menstruation depends on the amount of iron in a woman’s body. To be precise, it depends on the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin level. But normally it is considered this way:

at the beginning of menstruation (1-2 days, depending on the duration), the blood may have a bright red or scarlet color, more liquid and without the admixture of thick inclusions (clots or mucus);
then the discharge becomes darker, acquires a brownish tint, sometimes turning burgundy-brown - this phenomenon is explained by the fact that iron oxidizes when it comes into contact with oxygen;
the smell is specific, but without stench;
the blood does not clot because it mixes with the mucous secretions of the uterus and vagina;
in recent days, small blood clots, particles of tissue and mucus may be present in the discharge;
the amount of discharge should not exceed 150 ml for the entire period;
The duration of menstruation varies from 3 to 7 days.

A woman whose menstrual cycle is established and her menstrual days begin according to schedule will always be able to “calculate” the problem not only by the calendar glitch, but also by the consistency and color of the discharge.

Deviations from this norm can be observed in two cases, which do not cause any particular concern, although a visit to the gynecologist will not hurt:

in girls whose cycle has not yet established;
in women during menopause, when such discharge is accompanied by other signs of the onset of menopause.

If during the reproductive period a woman is faced with the problem of an unusual color of menstruation, their great abundance, she started a few days (more than a week) earlier and continued long time menstrual flow is a reason to consult a doctor immediately. Perhaps you are not having your period, but uterine bleeding. And this condition is life-threatening due to excessive blood loss.

Period or bleeding?

Scarlet blood during menstruation, which does not darken and continues to be released for a week, or even more, is no longer menstruation, but uterine bleeding. In this condition, you must immediately consult a doctor in order to promptly therapeutic measures aimed at eliminating the cause of the pathology.

The most common symptoms will be:

menstruation is scarlet, lasting more than a week;
liquid in consistency throughout the entire period;
practically odorless.

Bleeding intensity can vary - from heavy bleeding, in which you need to change the pad more than twice an hour, to almost normal, but with light blood, which does not stop for a long time.

Symptoms of blood loss that threatens health and even life:

severe weakness and drowsiness;
unusual and unexplained fatigue;
dizziness leading to fainting;
dark spots before the eyes, loss of coordination of movements.

If such manifestations occur, immediately call an ambulance and go to the hospital, where you will receive the necessary assistance and diagnose the causes of this condition.

For what reasons does scarlet blood appear?

The reasons when red periods indicate pathological processes occurring in the body may be as follows:

on early stages pregnancy, scarlet periods may indicate a miscarriage;
with an ectopic pregnancy, menstruation will be accompanied by scarlet blood at the moment the egg grows in the tube and a crack appears, which precedes rupture;
infections of the genitourinary system, which, together with the scarlet color of the discharge, are accompanied by a whole set of unpleasant symptoms: soreness, copious and strong-smelling discharge, discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse;

ingrowth intrauterine device into the cervix. Periods without clots, scarlet or bright red may be the only symptoms of a problem;
oncological neoplasms in the uterus. This pathology is accompanied by a number of other symptoms: heavy periods, discharge with a watery consistency and an unpleasant odor in the middle of the cycle;
polyps in the uterine cavity cause heavy periods and pain during sexual intercourse. But this pathology can sometimes be asymptomatic;

after an abortion, scarlet blood may indicate that particles of the amniotic sac or its membrane remain in the organ cavity;
endometriosis is characterized by heavy and painful periods with scarlet discharge. Physiological processes such as urination and defecation can cause discomfort and sometimes pain;
Uterine fibroids provoke abdominal growth only with a certain localization of the tumor and in the later stages of the pathology. In the early stages of the disease, a woman notices heavy, light periods, bloody issues from the vagina outside of menstruation and some others.

Pathological causes that can cause bright red periods require immediate treatment. Then the pathology of the menstrual cycle will be eliminated.

What to do with scarlet periods

If you notice a change in the color of menstrual blood that has occurred for the first time and is not typical for your body, you should consult a specialist. If it is bleeding, you need to contact it immediately. If you can’t determine for yourself what happened to you, a specialist will help.

Even if you visited a gynecologist during menstruation, he will be able to collect anamnesis. And based on the results of your conversation, he will conclude that you need to be examined now and urgent measures taken, or he will schedule a visit after the discharge has ended. If necessary, the specialist will advise what medications should be taken during this period.

If, in addition to the color, your periods do not “stray” from the usual schedule, go to an appointment immediately after the end of the discharge. This period will be the most informative in terms of collecting biological material and conducting other instrumental diagnostics.

If menstruation is scarlet, is it normal or is it a reason to visit a gynecologist? Doctors say that it is not the color of menstruation that is important, but when it began, on what day of the cycle, what is its abundance and duration.

It is not normal

1. Heavy periods of scarlet color with clots, when one “night” sanitary pad is enough for less than 2 hours. And this continues for several hours in a row. Acute blood loss is possible. You need to see a doctor. If this is not possible, use hemostatic agents for now.

2. Menstruation that began earlier than the 21st day of the cycle is scarlet in color with mucus (the day of the cycle is counted not from the first “clean” day, but from the beginning of menstruation). The fact is that these are not regular periods, but acyclic bleeding. The scarlet color of blood during menstruation indicates that the blood is fresh, that is, real bleeding. He needs to be stopped. Depending on the results of the ultrasound and the abundance of discharge, the doctor may decide to treat you with hormonal drugs or perform a diagnostic curettage if endometrial hyperplasia is suspected. This procedure will not only help make sure that there is no oncological process, but will also be a cure. After cleaning, bleeding will completely or almost stop.

3. Scarlet menstruation without clots, which stopped within 1-2 days when they arrived on time or with a slight delay. If a woman had a chance of becoming pregnant, then she needs to be tested for it. Especially if menstruation usually lasts 4 or more days. Normally, critical days last 3-7 days.

4. Scarlet menstruation with clots, blood loss of more than 60 grams per cycle. Such blood loss occurs in many women, but in some it results in iron deficiency anemia. Mandatory consultation with a gynecologist is necessary for blood loss of more than 80 grams.

5. Long, scanty periods of scarlet color. If they last more than 7 days, then you need to consult a doctor. It is not normal.

How to reduce blood loss

There are folk and medications. So, if you have started your period, and there's blood coming out, you can start taking oral contraceptives. This option is suitable for women whom a doctor has recently recommended this method for contraception and generally improving well-being. You can start drinking them on the 1st-5th day of the cycle, no matter what the color of your periods and the amount of blood loss (it will become less in any case).

Another known method- taking the drugs “Ditsinon” or “Vikasol”. They are widely known to the older generation. Although a more modern, albeit expensive, drug is Tranexam.

It happens that the reasons why menstruation appears scarlet are still unknown, but there is no hemostatic or oral contraceptives at home, and there are no plans to take them at all. Then regular Nurofen will do. It will not only relieve pain perfectly, but also reduce blood loss. Well, at the end of your period, if they no longer cause anxiety, you need to go to a preventive appointment with a gynecologist.

And finally folk way. This is nettle. Women have been drinking its decoction for a long time for these symptoms. True, this remedy is ineffective in comparison with available and safe medications.

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A woman's periods without clots may indicate the onset of serious pathologies. This is the first sign of uterine bleeding, its complex consequences and a number of other diseases. They all have their own symptoms and are dangerous in their own way. In this case, you just need to consult with your doctor, who will make an accurate diagnosis and not start the disease, if it exists.

There are some signs of normal for a woman's menstruation. If there are no clots, the blood changes color and there are changes in duration, you should pay close attention to this. All deviations from the norm are fraught with the development of complications.

Causes of the phenomenon

The norm is dark scarlet, burgundy or brown blood with mucous particles that separate from the membranes of the walls in the uterus.

There are the following factors that influence the fact that women do not have clots in their bleeding during menstruation:

uterine bleeding;
ovarian diseases;
complications during pregnancy;
blood diseases;
malignant tumors in the uterus;
benign tumors;
hormonal imbalances;
adolescence;
menopause;
endometriosis;
taking blood thinning medications;
infections;
inflammatory processes.

Menstruation has a number of features. During the day, a healthy woman secretes from 20 to 50 milliliters of dark-colored blood in small portions, with a maximum of 150 milliliters. It contains lumps of mucus and clots. Their number is approximately stable over the same period of time in one person.

It is very important to distinguish between healthy periods and uterine bleeding. For example, a sign of pathology is that there is a sudden change in discharge. For example, the volume of blood changes, or it flows every day. There are no clots in it. The blood is scarlet in color and its specific smell disappears.

Failure of the menstrual cycle

Bleeding without clots is a consequence of menstrual irregularities. They are also characterized by changes in the time intervals between menstruation and an increase in their duration. If you do not see a doctor in time, the blood may flow for months.

Attention is also paid to the influence of age factors. For young ladies uterine bleeding typical in the first years after the onset of menstruation. In adolescents, changes may be caused by hormonal imbalances. Menstruation does not occur regularly, there are no clots in them, sometimes too long menstruation can cause anemia. The second age category is women during menopause or menopause. In this case, lumps of mucus in the discharge may temporarily disappear or disappear completely. This is typical for the cessation of menstruation in the fair sex.

If problems with the appearance of benign tumors are not treated promptly, this can lead to shock syndrome. Specific clots, distinguishable from the usual ones, may appear when taking hormonal contraceptives. They look like mucus with brown streaks.

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In pregnant women, mucus along with bloody discharge or the absence of clots and thin blood sometimes indicates placental abruption. Such signs are also characteristic of an ectopic pregnancy.

A woman should definitely see a doctor who will prescribe special drugs after diagnosis. It is worth undergoing an ultrasound examination. If you start this process, the consequences can be disastrous. The gynecologist prescribes the pills, and he himself indicates the exact dosage of the drug. In some cases, only surgery can help. You shouldn’t attribute everything to age-related changes, as they can disguise very serious diseases. It is worth paying attention to your health in time.

The menstrual cycle is a systematic process in the body of women of reproductive age, controlled by hormones (mainly progesterone and estrogen), having a certain cyclicity and aimed at conceiving a child. In healthy women, the regulative (menstrual) cycle can range from 28 to 32 days, but minor deviations from this range are not considered pathology unless they are accompanied by painful symptoms or any disorders. On the first day of the cycle, menstrual blood is released from the woman’s vaginal tract, which, in addition to the blood itself, also contains enzymes that act as anticoagulants, mucus, particles of the epithelial layer and dead vaginal cells.

In some cases, a woman may notice that blood comes out of the vagina with blood clots, appearance resembling pieces of placenta. Such a symptom can be a manifestation of very serious diseases that require complex and emergency treatment(and sometimes surgical intervention), or physiological norm, so it is important to be able to distinguish normal discharge from pathological signs.

Menstrual blood has a rather complex chemical composition, the basis of which is glandular fibers and secretory fluid produced by the glands of the vagina and cervix. Clots can form when there are a large number of endometrial cells - an epithelial layer with a mucous structure that lines the uterine walls from the inside and is necessary for the successful implantation of a diploid fertilized cell (zygote). Starting from the middle of the menstrual cycle, the endometrium changes its density and structure, becomes looser and thickens. If the amount of female sex hormones exceeds the required physiological threshold, during menstruation the endometrium may prematurely coagulate in the uterine cavity and form clots.

Thickening of menstrual fluid can also occur when lack of activity anticoagulation enzymes, as well as in cases where a woman leads an insufficiently active lifestyle, which contributes to stagnation of blood circulation in the pelvic organs. This situation is typical for women holding office positions, having excess weight, limiting the degree of mobility, or suffering from chronic disorders of the endocrine system. For the same reason, blood clots during menstruation can be observed in women who have undergone surgery or injury and are temporarily limited in movement.

Important! Bad habits (nicotine and alcohol addiction, use of narcotic and toxic substances) can also contribute to increased blood clotting due to changes in its chemical composition and neutralization of enzymes that regulate the consistency of menstrual fluid.

Video - Three questions about periods that women are embarrassed to ask

Diseases of the uterus are the main cause of intrauterine blood clotting

Uterine diseases are the largest group gynecological pathologies. Almost always, disturbances in the functioning of the organ are accompanied by changes hormonal levels Therefore, in addition to standard diagnostic methods, a woman can undergo diagnostic curettage using a curette (a more gentle method is vacuum aspiration), followed by a histological examination of the collected material in order to determine hormonal levels and exclude tumor processes.

The most common pathology of the uterus, different shapes which is diagnosed in every fifth woman aged 20 to 50 years - uterine fibroids. Fibroids are formed by cells of the myometrium (the muscular layer of the uterus), can have a diffuse or nodular form and occur without any symptoms for several years. Myoma is a benign tumor, so in most cases, doctors choose a wait-and-see approach with careful monitoring of the patient and monitoring of changes in the myomatous nodes.

The symptoms of this type of tumor are quite sparse and may include the following signs:

increased nagging pain a few days before the onset of menstruation and during menstruation;
exceeding the physiological norm of secreted menstrual fluid (a volume of 50 to 80-100 ml is considered normal);
blood clots during menstruation;
increase in basal temperature.

Another reason related to the functioning of the uterus and that can cause premature blood clotting is congenital malformations of the uterus. They are formed during the period of intrauterine growth and development, most often caused by a genetic factor, but in some cases they can be a complication of inhalation or consumption of toxic products. Most often, girls and young women experience a bending of the uterus, which in 90% of cases leads to the inability to bear a child while maintaining the full scope of reproductive functions, as well as an intrauterine septum, a defect often associated with abnormal development of the renal system.

With these defects, the free exit of blood from the body of the uterus is difficult, which leads to its stagnation and the formation of small clots. Treatment of these defects is carried out only in foreign clinics, but is not accessible to most middle-class women due to the very high cost.

Pathologies associated with conception and pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is a serious pathology that can lead to heavy bleeding and the development of a generalized inflammatory process. It can develop even in absolutely healthy women, but the main risk group includes obese patients. diabetes mellitus, as well as those with a history of abortions and miscarriages.

In the early stages, intrauterine pregnancy is no different from normal pregnancy: the woman also experiences all the manifestations of toxicosis, her mammary glands enlarge, and the pregnancy test shows a positive result. When the gestation period reaches 4-6 weeks, symptoms and signs begin to appear, and if they appear, you should immediately consult a doctor. These include:

bleeding mixed with blood clots;
acute, sharp, severe nagging pain in the lower abdomen;
temperature rise to 38.5° and above;
vomit.

Note! The appearance of blood clots in pregnant women is a very dangerous clinical symptom, which almost always indicates the onset of a miscarriage. Clots after childbirth are considered normal, but women with similar symptoms should be under the supervision of a specialist, since blood clots may be parts of the baby's placenta. Normally, such discharge should not last longer than 30 days, and should not be accompanied by severe pain or high fever.

Blood clots after insertion of an intrauterine device

An intrauterine device is a type of hormonal contraceptive that is placed inside the uterus around its cervix and is made of copper or plastic. Despite the fact that installation of the product is not a traumatic procedure, minor bleeding may occur after it, which normally resolves within 3-5 days. If this does not happen, the bleeding becomes profuse, and during menstruation blood clots begin to be released from the vaginal tract, the coil should be removed.

It is necessary to remove the product even if side effects: itching, burning, headaches, skin rash and other symptoms described in the instructions for use. Such women should consult a gynecologist about more appropriate methods of contraception.

Endometrial diseases

The endometrium is a functional uterine layer that regulates the synthesis of hormones necessary for the onset and maintenance of pregnancy, as well as the growth of fetal development. Endometrial diseases belong to diseases of the uterus, but experts classify them as a separate group. The most typical for this clinical picture (blood clots during menstruation) are endometriosis and endometrial hyperplasia. Both pathologies represent an abnormal proliferation of cells and layers of the endometrium, but with endometriosis they can extend beyond the uterus and reach other organs, including the uterine appendages.

If the endometrial tissue becomes inflamed, the woman is diagnosed with endometritis. The disease is dangerous due to the rapid growth of pathogenic flora inside the uterus and the spread of infection to other pelvic organs. The symptoms of any endometrial pathology are almost always the same and include the following signs:

intense pain in the lower abdomen with transition to the side walls (with ovarian endometriosis);
heavy periods (menorrhagia) lasting more than 1 week;
intermenstrual bleeding with blood clots;
insufficient secretion of vaginal lubrication and resulting discomfort during intimacy;
difficulty conceiving.

Treatment of endometrial diseases

Treatment of endometrial pathologies includes diagnostic curettage of the uterus, as well as medicines, used in standard treatment regimens. They cannot be used without a doctor’s prescription, as there may be individual contraindications.

Group of drugs	What medications should I take?	Image
Antispasmodics to relax the muscles of the uterus, eliminate spasms and pain	"Drotaverine" "Papaverine" (mainly rectally)
Oral contraceptives with varying levels of estrogen and progesterone to correct hormonal levels	"Chloe" "Janine" "Diane-35"
Anti-inflammatory drugs (for endometritis)	"Ibufen" "Ketorolac"
Antibiotics and antimicrobials to prevent complications and secondary infections	"Amoxicillin" "Tetracycline" "Cefazolin" (for severe cases)
Iron supplements for heavy blood loss for the prevention and treatment of anemia	"Ferrum Lek"

If a woman’s health is good, but her periods are still accompanied by the release of clots, it is necessary to take tests for blood clotting, and also determine the level of B vitamins in the body. With their excess, blood clotting ability increases, which increases the risk of thrombosis of the uterine veins, so this condition also requires drug correction. A large number of vitamins of this group are found in rye and peeled flour, whole grains, legumes, as well as liver, eggs and many vegetables and fruits.

If a woman consumes enough of these products, there is no need to take additional vitamin complexes, which contain B vitamins, negatively affects the consistency and viscosity of menstrual fluid and promotes the formation of blood clots.