The engine is youth. Youth Parliament: needed! or needed? “We are not in the mass consciousness”
In total, 1,134 youth parliaments have been formed in Russia at the federal, regional and municipal levels. Youth parliaments formed under regional legislative authorities have been created in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation, with the exception of the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol.
There are two youth parliament structures at the federal level. Youth Parliament at State Duma was formed in 2001 and is formed from representatives of regional youth parliaments, who are elected at meetings of regional youth parliaments by a majority vote. The Honorary Chairman of the Youth Parliament is the Chairman of the State Duma, and the curator is the Chairman of the Youth Policy Committee. The Chamber of Young Legislators under the Federation Council is formed from young deputies of regional legislative authorities, whose age does not reach 35 years, and representatives of regional executive authorities, whose age also does not reach 35 years. In total, the Chamber of Young Legislators under the Federation Council includes 2 candidates from each region, who are approved by the regional legislative and executive authorities.
Not every region has municipal parliaments. In the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Arkhangelsk, Kaliningrad, Murmansk, Pskov, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tula, Yaroslavl, Astrakhan regions, in the Khanty-Mansiysk and Nenets Autonomous Okrug, in the republics of Ingushetia, North Ossetia Alania, Tyva, Adygea, as well as in the Chechen, Kabardino-Balkarian, Karachay-Cherkess Republics, municipal youth parliaments have not been created. In all other regions, a network of municipal youth parliaments has been created. In this case, the network of parliaments means that in a given region, more than one municipal entity has created a municipal youth parliament. In regions such as Kostroma, Oryol, Kursk, Vladimir, Tyumen, and Sakhalin regions, the process of building a network has just begun, as well as in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Republic of Tatarstan. youth parliament politics
6151 young people are members of parliaments.
The normative legal acts regulating the activities and mechanism for the formation of youth parliaments are, firstly, the resolutions of regional legislative authorities on the establishment of youth parliaments, secondly, the regulations on parliaments, and thirdly, the regulations of the work of parliaments. The most important for this study are the provisions on parliaments, since it is on the basis of articles on the mechanism of formation, powers, goals and objectives of the work of youth parliaments that an analysis of their activities is carried out.
The main tasks or functions, which are formulated differently in different regional provisions, of the youth parliament are:
· participation in the formation and implementation of state youth policy in a particular region. It is important to note that the law on state youth policy has not been adopted at the federal level, unlike at the regional level;
· participation in the development of regional regulatory legal acts, including on issues affecting the rights and legitimate interests of youth;
· involving young citizens in parliamentary and other public activities;
· formation of the legal and political culture of the younger generation, support for the creative and civic activity of youth;
· ensuring interaction of youth, youth public associations with regional government authorities and authorities local government.
For this study, these tasks or functions mean the following: each task presupposes the presence of certain mechanisms and actions with the help of which it must be solved. In turn, mechanisms and actions are a form of youth participation in the political process, that is, an activity whose purpose is the accumulation and aggregation of the interests and demands of youth as a social group.
A law on a youth parliament has not been adopted at the federal level, so in different regions youth parliaments operate within different models, that is, they have a different set of mechanisms for solving problems. The mechanisms differ from each other according to the following criteria:
1 - the youth parliament has the right of legislative initiative;
2 - the youth parliament has only a basic set of functions;
The basic set of functions implies the following powers of the youth parliament:
· monitoring of the main problems of youth in the region, the youth parliament reports the most pressing problems of youth to the regional legislative assembly;
· consideration of draft regulatory legal acts in the field of youth policy;
· making proposals for the development and adoption of draft regulatory legal acts aimed at developing the state youth policy of the region;
· interaction with the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly Russian Federation and the Youth Parliamentary Assembly under the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, youth parliaments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
3 - the youth parliament has the right to mandatory consideration of parliamentary decisions at meetings of the regional legislative parliament;
4 - the youth parliament has the right to legislative initiative and to mandatory consideration of parliamentary decisions at meetings of the regional legislative parliament;
5 - there is no provision on the youth parliament, so it is impossible to understand what functions the youth parliament has.
In the republics of Mari-El, Mordovia, Komi, Karacheevo-Cherkessia, North Ossetia-Alania, Altai, as well as the Magadan and Ryazan regions and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, no regulations have been adopted on the work of regional youth parliaments, so it is impossible to analyze their functions. However, the fact that the provisions have not been adopted indicates that the activities of this body are not regulated in any way and in fact we can say that it is simply a so-called “interest circle”.
Only youth parliaments in the following regions have the right of legislative initiative: Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov, Kaliningrad, Kemerovo, Tver and Astrakhan regions, in the Republic of Tatarstan and the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The right of legislative initiative makes the youth parliament a subject of the political process. In this case, the youth parliament can not only discuss problems, but also propose concrete solutions in the form of a legislative initiative. In this way, the youth parliament can aggregate the interests of young people as a social group. However, in none of these regions has the youth parliament ever exercised this right. Thus, we can conclude that the youth parliament is not interested in participating in the political process.
The Youth Parliament has the right to mandatory consideration of parliamentary decisions at meetings of the regional legislative parliament in the republics of Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan, Ingushetia, Buryatia, Tyva, Adygea and Kalmykia, as well as in Amur, Kirov, Ulyanovsk, Pskov, Irkutsk, Tomsk, Chelyabinsk, Voronezh , Lipetsk, Smolensk, Tambov and Tula regions, as well as in the Perm, Kamchatka, Primorsky, Khabarovsk territories and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. This right allows the youth parliament to participate in the development of a political course, as it gives the right to parliamentarians to speak at meetings of regional legislative assemblies and convince them of the necessity of the decision made. But there is another side: not all decisions made by the youth parliament can be supported by the legislative body of the subject. Moreover, some decisions of the youth parliament can be canceled by the regional legislative assembly.
The Youth Parliament has the right of legislative initiative and mandatory consideration of parliamentary decisions at meetings of the regional legislative parliament in the Samara, Ivanovo, Moscow and Vladimir regions, as well as in Chechen Republic. In this case, the youth parliament can not only discuss problems and propose specific solutions in the form of legislative initiatives, but also participate in the development of a political course. However, in none of these regions has the youth parliament ever exercised this right. Thus, we can conclude that the youth parliament is not interested in participating in the political process.
Most regional youth parliaments have only a basic set of powers common to all regional youth parliaments, the activities of which are regulated by regulations. Regional youth parliaments with only basic powers include the Jewish Autonomous Region, Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrugs, Sakhalin, Orenburg, Penza, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod, Rostov, Volgograd, Yaroslavl, Oryol, Kursk, Kostroma, Kaluga, Bryansk, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk, Kurgan, Novosibirsk regions, as well as the republics of Bashkortostan, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Yakutia, Khakassia, Karelia and Transbaikal, Stavropol, Altai territories.
This study also provides statistics that show the number of projects proposed by each regional youth parliament, as well as the number of activities. The number of activities is an indicator of the publications of youth parliaments that they sent to the website of the parliamentary movement in Russia. This indicator includes decisions made by parliaments, holding actions and events, holding meetings, and participation of parliament in congresses and forums.
Over the entire existence of youth parliaments in different regions, they have developed a total of 1,422 projects at different levels and in different areas of activity. A project in this context refers to all types of activities that are recorded with the word “project” in the final reports of parliaments (found in open sources, on the websites of either youth parliaments themselves, or on the websites of legislative assemblies), but there are youth parliaments that do not make final reports , therefore, separate projects and activities based on data in in social networks almost impossible, therefore in this column these regions have a 0. Such regions include Kamchatka Territory, Magadan Region, Chukotka autonomous region, Republic of Tatarstan, Samara Region, Chuvash Republic, Arkhangelsk Region, Murmansk Region, Pskov Region, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Republic of Ingushetia, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Trans-Baikal Territory, Tyumen Region, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug , Ivanovo, Kostroma, Ryazan, Smolensk, Astrakhan regions, as well as the Republic of Adygea and the Republic of Kalmykia.
The mechanism for youth participation in government today is imperfect. The share of young citizens in the legislative and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments is extremely small. At the same time, the need to establish cooperation between state and municipal authorities with youth, youth public associations and other organizations, means mass media in the interests of solving youth problems is enormous.
To solve these problems, it is necessary to form effective structures to protect the rights and legitimate interests of young people. A step in this direction was the phenomenon of youth self-government. Youth self-government is a form of management that involves the active participation of young people in the preparation, adoption and implementation of management decisions that affect their livelihoods and the protection of the rights and interests of young people. It includes school and student self-government, as well as self-government carried out through the creation of special consultative and advisory youth structures within state and municipal authorities, often referred to as “youth parliamentarism”.
Youth parliamentarism is a system of representing the rights and legitimate interests of youth as a special social group, based on the creation and functioning of a special group under state authorities and local self-government. Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Support for youth and children's public associations, youth advisory structures, youth self-government bodies.
A public consultative and advisory structure of youth in the form of a youth parliament, a youth government, a youth chamber, a youth council.
The goal of developing youth parliamentarism is to attract young people to active participation in the life of the state, its development and implementation of effective youth policy by representing the legitimate interests of young citizens and socially significant ideas in various youth public consultative and advisory structures.
Among the objectives of the development of youth parliamentarism, the following can be highlighted: the formation of an effective mechanism for the representation and protection of the legitimate interests of youth in government bodies and local self-government; ensuring effective cooperation between representatives of youth, youth and children's public associations with state authorities and local self-government; creation of a system of youth parliaments and other representative public youth institutions in the Russian Federation, which make it possible to form an active civic position of young people and establish their dialogue with the state and society on the basis of partnerships; creating conditions for the consolidation of youth (at the level of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation) for participation in the implementation of state youth policy; creating conditions for the systematic identification of socially active young people, potential and already established leaders, ensuring their further formation and growth; creation of a system for training personnel for youth parliaments and other youth public consultative and advisory structures, aimed at developing the personnel potential of legislative and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments.
To achieve the goals and objectives in the development of youth self-government, it is necessary to take into account such principles as the priority of protecting the rights of youth and their associations; accessibility and openness of the youth parliamentary system for the participation of any young person; legitimacy of creation, operation and development various forms youth self-government; using a scientific approach to the development of youth parliamentarism; free choice of forms of youth parliamentarism in each region and municipality that meet the social needs and legitimate interests of the youth of the relevant territory; participation directly by the youth themselves, represented by their active representatives, in the process of developing, adopting and implementing decisions in the field of state youth policy and others.
Among the functions performed by youth representation bodies is the representation of the interests of youth in government bodies; participation in rule-making activities, primarily in the field of state youth policy; training of young personnel; holding socially useful events; educational activities.
Today, youth parliamentary structures have been created and operate in almost all regions of the Russian Federation. For example, the Youth Parliament of the Republics of Komi, Buryatia, Mordovia, Altai Territory, the Youth Parliament at the Legislative Assembly of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the youth parliaments of Kuzbass, Arkhangelsk, Volgograd, Vologda, Kurgan, Novosibirsk regions, the Public Youth Chamber at the Legislative Assembly Ivanovo region, Youth Parliament under the Council of People's Deputies of the Amur Region, Youth Parliamentary Assembly of the Kaliningrad Region, Public Youth Parliament under the Samara Provincial Duma, Public Youth Parliament of the Ryazan Region, Public Student Duma of the Tyumen Region, Youth Government of the Yaroslavl Region, Council of Youth Organizations (Youth Parliament) of the Nizhny Novgorod Region , Public Youth Chamber Sverdlovsk region, Public Youth Chamber under the State Council of the Chuvash Republic. Youth parliaments of Russia.
The names, structure, methods of organizing and financing youth representative structures in different regions are quite diverse. Their fundamental feature is that it is a public association of young citizens, created under a government agency and having as its main goal the protection of the interests of the younger generation, its civic, political and legal education through consultative and advisory activities.
Taking into account the experience of the development of youth parliamentarism in the Russian Federation, we can distinguish its following forms. Youth parliaments under the legislative authorities. This organizational form is characterized by the fact that youth parliaments are created on the basis of a decision of the legislative authority and act on the basis of the Regulations approved by it. As a public advisory (advisory) body, they participate in the development of regulations and other documents in the field of state youth policy. An example of this form of youth parliamentarism is the youth parliaments of the Voronezh, Oryol and Kursk regions. In this case, members of the youth parliament are elected from the maximum possible number of territories, educational institutions, other organizations, youth public associations.
The determination of work regulations, in particular decision-making, is carried out independently by the youth parliament. The structure of the parliament includes committees, commissions and other working bodies, the list and composition of which is determined by internal documents regulating the activities of the youth parliament. The advantage of this form is that youth parliaments receive official status granted by the legislative branch. In this case, no public organization will be able to claim a monopoly on the use of the created youth self-government body in its own interests. This status of the youth parliament simplifies the process of making and passing its decisions through the government body under which it exists. In addition, members of youth parliaments acquire certain managerial experience in legislative bodies, replenishing the personnel reserve of the country’s administrative and political elite. Youth parliaments and governments operating under executive authorities.
Examples of the creation of such parliamentary structures exist in various regions of the Russian Federation. They operate under the mayor of the city, committee or department for youth policy of the city or region. However, the concept of “parliament” implies the organization of interaction with legislative (representative) authorities.
Thus, the Youth Parliament, in cooperation with legislative and executive authorities, is called upon to develop social programs for youth public associations. The purpose of such programs is to create opportunities for young people to participate in social and political life, make and implement management decisions, as well as exercise control over their implementation.
The forms of implementation of this program are varied: public youth reception centers, organizing monitoring among youth, creating television and radio programs, maintaining columns on the pages of periodicals, organizing clubs, debates, advertising campaigns, etc. With all the variety of forms of youth parliamentarism, their main purpose is in identifying and representing the interests of youth at the level of regions of the Russian Federation and increasing the effectiveness of youth participation in the life of the region, district, city.
The youth parliamentary structures under consideration make it possible to effectively formulate and communicate the problems, interests and expectations of young people to legislative (representative) and executive bodies of state power and local government bodies. This contributes to the achievement of specific social and economic results, the involvement of young citizens in socio-political processes, and the improvement of the general legal culture and civic activity of young people. Youth parliamentarism should be faced with the task of forming a consolidated social order of youth to the state. This is achieved through various forms of work.
For example, public reception centers for young people are designed to create a list of youth problems, and monitoring among youth makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of management decisions.
A positive attitude of citizens towards this form of manifestation of socio-political activity of young people was noted. According to the results of a study conducted in the regions of the Central Federal District, half of the respondents believe that youth parliaments and other youth parliamentary structures are a favorable field for identifying young leaders interested in socio-political and management activities.
Through these forms and methods of work within the framework of the youth parliamentarism system, young people can obtain the necessary academic knowledge and acquire practical management skills. At the same time, 25% of respondents state that youth parliaments form groups of like-minded people with active life position, ready to support and jointly implement the ideas and programs of state authorities and local governments aimed at the development of the region (municipal entity). This condition forms the collective principle and ensures interpersonal harmonization relationships among young people. 25% of respondents believe that the practical work of young people and their familiarity with legislative, managerial and public activities is an important component of training competent specialists capable of making life decisions important issues youth.
Youth public chambers are an important step in the development of the youth parliamentary movement. The creation of the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation dates back to 2001. The Chamber was created to study the problems of youth in Russia, timely response of government authorities to them, assistance to the activities of the State Duma of the Russian Federation in the field of legislative regulation of the rights and legitimate interests of youth, and preparation of recommendations for solving the problems of Russian youth.
The Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Russian Federation is an advisory, consultative body that operates on a voluntary basis.
Its main goal is to promote the activities of the Russian Parliament in the field of legislative regulation of the rights and legitimate interests of youth. The Youth Chamber was created on a voluntary basis from representatives of public youth chambers (youth parliaments) under the legislative (representative) government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
In accordance with the regulations, it includes only one representative each from public youth chambers (youth parliaments), officially created under the legislative bodies of state power of the Russian Federation. The age limit for membership in the Public Youth Chamber is regulated - up to 30 years and the term of office - it is one year.
The activities of the Public Youth Chamber are carried out in commissions that organize work in the areas of their activities with the relevant committees and commissions of the State Duma. Meetings of the chamber are held three times a year. If necessary, extraordinary meetings can be organized. The Youth Chamber develops and adopts recommendations for consideration in the relevant committees of the State Duma.
Honorary Chairman of the Youth Parliament - Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation Sergey Evgenievich Naryshkin.
The work of the federal Youth Parliament is supervised by the Deputy Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Sergei Vladimirovich Zheleznyak.
The Council of the Youth Parliament under the State Duma consists of a chairman, an executive secretary, a deputy chairman for legislative work, a deputy chairman for project work, a deputy chairman for interaction with partner organizations and the media, and a deputy chairman for international cooperation.
The Chairman of the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation since 2013 is Natalya Sergeevna Kuvshinova, Chairman of the Youth Parliament of the Altai Territory.
Today, the Youth Parliament has 7 working commissions: on health protection and the environment, on labor and social policy, on economic policy, innovative development and entrepreneurship, on education, on youth policy, culture and patriotism, on construction and land relations, on international politics and Eurasianism.
For the current convocation, the Youth Parliament of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation has introduced amendments to the Federal laws: “On the legal status of foreign citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation”, “On the general principles of organizing legislative (representative) and executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation”, Federal Law "On amendments to Article 28.3 of the Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses", On amendments to Article 9 and Article 13 of the Federal Law "On the fundamentals of public control in the Russian Federation", "On the general principles of organizing youth self-government in the Russian Federation", "On the protection of children from information harmful to their health and development", On amendments to Article 14 of the Federal Law “On Guardianship and Trusteeship”, on amendments to Article 14.53 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses, draft law Altai region"On the procedure and conditions for marriage of persons under sixteen years of age on the territory of the Altai Territory", Law of the Altai Territory "On restrictions in the field of retail sale of non-alcoholic tonic drinks", On amendments to the Federal Law "On general principles of organizing local self-government in of the Russian Federation" and the Federal Law "On Concession Agreements", "On Amendments to the Federal Law "On General Principles of Organization of Legislative (Representative) and Executive Bodies of State Power of the Subjects of the Russian Federation", On Amendments to the Federal Law "On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens" in the Russian Federation", On Amendments to the Federal Law "On the Protection of Rights legal entities and individual entrepreneurs in the exercise of state control (supervision) and municipal control."
The Youth Parliament is also implementing three federal projects: “Freedom of Speech”, “Behind Yourself”, “Creation and Development of a First Aid Network in the Russian Federation”.
The “Freedom of Speech” project, the goal of which is to ensure regular and timely participation of students and members of youth public organizations in the discussion of significant socio-economic events in the country. The main objective of the project is to ensure the transparency of decisions, opinions and judgments made during the discussion.
The “Behind You” project is implemented in the form of all-Russian competition videos on professional self-determination, conducted among students in grades 9-11 educational organizations and boarding institutions, 1st-2nd year students of educational organizations of higher and secondary education of the Russian Federation. The competition is aimed at popularizing career guidance services. Official website of the project: zasoboy.rf.
The project “Creation and development of a first aid network in the Russian Federation” has been implemented jointly with the Interregional public organization “National Youth League of Health” since 2012.
As part of the project, medical games have been held since 2012 and already in 2014 the citywide “Moscow Youth Medical Games” took place, in which more than 150 students from 34 Moscow schools took part. The purpose of these competitions is to attract young people to the issue of maintaining health, forming responsibility among the younger generation for their health and the health of others, and applying the acquired skills in practice. In addition, a round table was organized within the walls of the State Duma on the topic: “Issues of popularization, legal regulation of aspects of first aid; development of the system of its provision in the Russian Federation.” The purpose of the event was to study current state regulatory framework in the field of first aid in the Russian Federation. As part of the project, in order to popularize first aid issues and develop common approaches to first aid issues, on February 26-28, 2015, the 1st All-Russian Forum “Development of the First Aid System in the Russian Federation” was held. Relevant departments and public organizations involved in first aid training for citizens were invited to participate in the forum.
A scientific and practical conference was held as part of the forum. During the conference, issues in the following areas were considered:
Regulatory and legal aspects of first aid;
Methods of training volunteers in first aid skills;
Equipping volunteers trained in first aid skills;
Motivation, accounting and analysis of those trained in first aid.
The goal of the forum is to create a unified approach to the issues of popularization and training in first aid skills in the Russian Federation.
Main objectives of the forum:
Generalization of regional experience in organizing first aid training for the population of the Russian Federation;
Preparation of a unified methodological base for training the population of the Russian Federation in first aid skills;
Analysis of legislation in the field of first aid and popularization of first aid issues among the population;
Preparing an appeal to relevant departments and public organizations with specific recommendations for modernizing the first aid system in the Russian Federation;
Publication of a collection of articles from the reports of its participants, which will combine the discussed methods of teaching first aid, methods of motivation, and legal aspects of its provision.
The result of the work done was the creation of a unified approach to the issues of popularization and training of first aid skills in the Russian Federation, by summarizing the experience of the regions in this area and summarizing the experience of the regions in the field of organizing first aid training for the population.
The form of youth representation also includes the Youth Parliamentary Assembly, which operates under the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and is the upper youth parliamentary chamber and the Youth Duma of Russia. The Youth Assembly is a permanent advisory body under the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. The assembly includes representatives of regional youth parliaments.
The structure of the assembly includes the Council for interaction of the Federation Council with the youth parliaments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and youth public associations. The Youth Duma of Russia was created in January 2002 as a youth parliamentary structure that unites representatives of various youth public and political structures from the regions of the Russian Federation. The Youth Duma is a discussion mechanism for discussing current socio-political issues and developing agreed solutions. It cooperates with key structures involved in youth policy and youth parliamentarism in the country: the Public Youth Chamber and the Council for Student Affairs under the State Duma of the Russian Federation, the Russian Youth Union, the Youth Policy Department of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, etc.
Deputies of the Youth Duma organize hearings on youth issues and take part as co-organizers in events of other youth structures at the federal and regional levels. International cooperation is being carried out with organizations from near and far abroad.
The Youth Duma of Russia plays the role of a single communication platform for youth representatives of various political orientations, for the development and subsequent lobbying of agreed decisions on the most important socio-political issues.
In order to develop youth parliamentarism, the Center for the Development of Youth Parliamentarism was created in Russia in 2005, accumulating the experience of a team of young leaders from different regions of Russia in developing the youth parliamentary movement. The Center carries out activities to attract young people to active participation in the life of the state and society, to the development of the territories in which they live, the development and implementation of effective youth policy by representing the legitimate interests of young citizens and socially significant ideas in various youth public consultative and advisory structures, first in total - youth parliaments.
Today in Russia there is a three-level network of youth parliamentary structures, which has no analogues in the world. In 79 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, regional, republican, regional or regional youth parliaments have been created and are actively operating under representative authorities (see Appendix 1). They work effectively in all 14 constituent entities of the Volga region federal district, which is among the leaders in the development of the youth parliamentary movement.
There are more than 3,000 youth parliaments in the Russian Federation at the municipal level. They have also been created in most municipal districts of the Volga Federal District. The total number of members of municipal youth parliamentary structures is about 10,000 people.
For 2013 - 2014 young parliamentarians of the Volga Federal District made a number of proposals to the legislative and executive authorities of their regions. Many of them were supported by senior colleagues and acquired the status of law. Youth Parliament Samara region proposed his draft federal law "On youth policy in the Russian Federation." The Youth Public Chamber of Bashkortostan presented a draft federal law “On amending Article 20 of the Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation.”
Today, only three Youth Parliaments in the Volga Federal District have the right of legislative initiative - in the Republic of Tatarstan, the Udmurt Republic and the Samara Region.
Youth parliamentarism can be an excellent starting step on the career ladder. My colleagues have already proven themselves, from working in executive and legislative authorities in the regions to federal authorities and the Presidential Administration.
Noting the special significance of the role of the folding social institution political socialization of youth, it is also necessary to note the existing problems. They are associated, first of all, with improving the mechanism of interaction between the Youth Parliament at various levels, the interaction of the Youth Parliament with youth branches of political parties, youth organizations and movements, government bodies, insufficient funding, weak influence on the training and placement of personnel, etc.
Thus, we can draw the following conclusion: the experience of youth parliamentary structures in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation has shown the effectiveness of their activities in attracting young people to solve various social problems. In a number of Russian regions, youth parliaments (dumas, councils, chambers, governments, etc.) have a real right to speak on behalf of all youth, actively interact with the authorities, and activate the position of youth in solving their problems.
Youth are the future of our country. What are the interests of young people today? Many are sure that they are not the best. However, it is not. At least for the guys and girls who are members of the Center for Youth Parliamentarism. What it is? Where do the origins of this system come from? Today we will talk about this, but for now a little history.
How did youth parliamentarism arise?
Discussions on issues related to the development of international parliamentarism began back in 1999 in one of the Moscow institutes. The youth parliament was then considered as a system capable of realizing youth trends and interests through participation in elections.
Four years later, the All-Russian seminar on the development of youth parliamentarism in Russia was held for the first time in Ryazan. During the meeting, the results of the work of youth parliamentary systems in Russia were summed up, and on their basis, other youth structures were created in the constituent entities of our country. Every year from 2004 to 2007. In the Russian Federation, meetings of young parliamentarians were held, where it was decided to connect the Centers for Youth Parliamentarism with election commissions at various levels, and a decision was also made on the participation of young people in the development of the territories of our country.
The decisions were made in 2005 and 2006 respectively. This became the main aspects of the further development of youth parliamentarism. Russia's first Center for Youth Parliamentarism was created in 2008 by order of the government. So how important is such a system?
The goal of youth parliamentarism in the Russian Federation
The Center for Youth Parliamentarism is the most important youth chamber necessary for modern boys and girls. Youth is the strength of our country.
The main task of the Center for Youth Parliamentarism is to help Russian youth unlock their potential. How do they do it?
Methods for realizing youth potential
The main method of unlocking youth potential is the creation and implementation of projects relating to various spheres of life. For example, leisure activities, education, intellectual development. Constant work on the creation of projects and their implementation provides good experience and helps the further development of youth. Anyone who decides to join the friendly team of young people at any cost will be offered non-standard tasks, brainstorming sessions, team work and a favorite activity that is interesting to do. As already mentioned, Centers for Youth Parliamentarism exist in many, even the smallest, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and, of course, in the capital of our homeland - Moscow.
How to get into parliament
Becoming a young parliamentarian is not as easy as it seems. First you need to submit an application and then go through the selection process. Candidates will then be required to demonstrate their abilities in various areas. Only after this the selected participants will be recommended by the commission for inclusion in the composition of young parliamentarians. The candidate's age must be between 14 and 30 years.
The Youth Parliament is a fairly important body, necessary primarily to attract young people to the life of the country, both social and political. He is the link between youth and government.
Center for Youth Parliamentarism. Moscow
Now let's talk specifically about the capital's center. The first Center for Youth Parliamentarism in Moscow opened not long ago. This happened in 2012.
Address of the Center for Youth Parliamentarism: Moscow, st. Kakhovka, 21. Today it unites the youth chamber of the Moscow City Duma and the Public Youth Chamber of Moscow. Additional contacts can be found on the official website of the Center for Youth Parliamentarism.
§ 2. Concepts: “youth parliamentarism”, “Youth Parliament”, “youth parliamentary movement”
Youth parliamentarism received active development in the mid-90s of the XX century. The idea of creating Youth Parliaments was developed back in the USSR. Since 1995, the youth parliamentary movement has reached a new level during the period of perestroika - Youth Parliaments are being created in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation. General democratization and the declared transition to civil society and the rule of law allowed this process to unfold at a new qualitative level. In 1991, the law on public associations and organizations was adopted, 7 therefore the activities of young people did not acquire a permissive nature, but were enshrined in their rights. Article 30 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation established the right to unite youth, thereby ensuring important condition exercising political freedom and stimulating the development of democratic principles in society. 8 Over time, the legal framework governing social political activity youth has expanded significantly. 7 This factor contributed to the active development of the public youth movement in Russia.
The youth parliamentary movement quickly became a real driving force that largely determined the policy of the state and society in the youth sphere. In many regions, it was youth organizations that exerted significant pressure on the development and adoption of regional laws on youth and youth policy. 9
What is youth parliamentarism?
Youth parliamentarism- this is a system of representation of the rights and legitimate interests of youth as a special social group, based on the creation and functioning of a social public consultative and advisory structure of youth - the Youth Parliament under government bodies or in the manner established by them , as well as other public institutions for the participation of young citizens in the life of the state.
The emergence of youth parliamentarism has its socio-historical roots. Youth parliamentarism arose due to the fact that it was necessary to fill the niche in social management that had previously been occupied by Komsomol structures. In the USSR, there was a kind of “youth republic” with a “head of state - the First Secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee and a “unicameral parliament” - the Komsomol Central Committee, elected at the Komsomol Congress, its “council”, or “presidium” represented by the Bureau of the Komsomol Central Committee. The first secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee, in fact, was an assistant to the head of the Soviet state on youth policy issues. “Small youth republics” then existed in territories, regions, cities, etc. Naturally, not everything was good there: regulation, excessive politicization, bureaucratization, hence the cessation of the activities of the Komsomol.
Youth parliamentarism today is the optimal form of interaction between the state and society, reflecting the interests of young people and forming young people’s trust in authorities; this is a system of representing the rights and legitimate interests of young people as a special socio-demographic group.
The goal of the development of youth parliamentarism is to attract young people to active participation in the life of the state, the development and implementation of effective youth policy by representing the legitimate interests of young citizens and socially significant ideas in various youth public consultative and advisory structures, primarily in Youth Parliaments.
Objectives of the development of youth parliamentarism:
to form an effective mechanism for representing and protecting the legitimate interests of young people in state authorities and local self-government;
ensure effective cooperation of youth representatives, youth and children's public associations with state authorities and local self-government;
create a system of youth parliaments and other representative public youth institutions in the Russian Federation, which make it possible to form an active civic position of young people and establish their dialogue with the state and society on the basis of partnerships;
create conditions for the consolidation of youth (at the level of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation) to participate in the implementation of state youth policy;
create conditions for the systematic identification of socially active young people, potential and established leaders, ensuring their further formation and growth;
create a system for training personnel for Youth Parliaments and other public consultative and advisory structures, aimed at forming a personnel reserve for state and municipal administration of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Youth parliamentarism fulfills the following mission: contribute to the construction of civil society through the dissemination of the culture of parliamentarism, the development of communication and organizational skills of participants in the youth movement.
The basic principles for the development of youth parliamentarism should be:
priority of protecting the rights of young people and their associations;
accessibility and openness of the youth parliamentary system for the participation of any young person;
the legitimacy of the creation and functioning of various forms of youth parliamentarism on the basis of elections and/or competitions;
using a scientific approach to the development of youth parliamentarism;
free choice of forms of youth parliamentarism in each region and municipality that meet the social needs and legitimate interests of the youth of the relevant territory;
a rational combination of representative and educational functions of youth parliamentarism;
participation directly by the youth themselves, represented by their active representatives, in the process of developing, adopting and implementing decisions in the field of state youth policy;
optimal quantitative and qualitative ratio of youth parliaments (dumas, councils, chambers, governments, assemblies) in each region;
formation personnel youth parliamentary structures from among young people (from 14 to 30 years old);
social efficiency and responsibility.
The combination of these principles will create conditions under which youth parliamentary structures will represent the interests of not only individual young people, youth public associations, but also other interested organizations, and the interests of the youth of the region as a whole. 1 0 Among the trends in the development of youth parliamentarism, the following can be identified:
understanding the need for the creation and functioning of Youth Parliaments;
increasing the number of Youth Parliaments in the Russian Federation;
improving relations between youth consultative and advisory bodies with state authorities and local self-government;
growth of youth professionalism in the activities of their chosen bodies;
clear structuring of the activities of Youth Parliaments;
analysis of all youth problems at levels from republics to districts, villages and schools, solving youth problems locally.
The expected results of the development of youth parliamentarism include the following areas of activity:
attracting young people and their associations to reasonable participation in the activities of legislative and executive authorities, the implementation of plans and programs for the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
increasing the effectiveness of the system of participation of young citizens in the process of developing, adopting and implementing decisions in the field of state youth policy;
formation of a personnel reserve for state and municipal administration;
identifying socially active young people in various spheres of public life;
attracting the scientific and creative potential of young people to participate in the implementation of state and municipal policies;
creation of legal and other conditions for cooperation between government bodies, youth public associations and representatives of active youth in the implementation of youth policy at all levels;
stimulating the process of development of youth parliamentarism in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. eleven
Youth parliamentarism is successfully developing in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, gradually receiving support at the level of the state and society as a whole, it is becoming an established fact and has prospects for development. The leading places in the development of youth parliamentarism in Russia are occupied by the Ryazan, Novosibirsk and Kaliningrad regions.
The positive result of the development of youth parliamentarism will not appear immediately, but will be realized much faster if the new nature of interaction between the state and youth takes root and gains strength.
Youth Parliament - it is a consultative and advisory body on issues of state youth policy; it is a platform from which young citizens can express their interests and rights; this is a real and effective form of involving young people in making management decisions about their problems; This is a personnel reserve for legislative and executive authorities at all levels; these are representatives of the most active part of young people living in a certain territory.
In Russia, the formation of such a public institution as Youth Parliaments began in the mid-90s, and the initiative for their emergence and development belongs to public associations, which confirms the theory of the self-organizing beginning of youth parliamentary structures.
By definition, the Youth Parliament is a non-political, voluntary, self-governing formation, created on the initiative of young people, uniting representatives of various categories of youth and acting in compliance with the principles of election and legitimacy.
Youth Parliaments were created
Under federal government bodies (under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation);
Under the Government of the Russian Federation (under the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation);
Under the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation (under the legislative body: Duma, Council, Assembly);
Head of the subject of the Russian Federation, Government (Administration), Youth Affairs Authority);
At local government bodies.
This status of Youth Parliaments simplifies the process of making and implementing its decisions through the government body under which it exists. At the same time, maximum efforts must be made to implement solutions:
seek adoption of decisions (decrees, orders, orders) of the relevant authority;
organize a legitimate system of elections of representative youth and public associations to the Youth Parliament;
provide necessary resources his current activities.
Currently, Youth Parliaments exist in most constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The idea of creating Youth Parliaments can become a real solution to youth problems.
A new form of youth self-organization - the Youth Parliament - is one of the most promising for the manifestation and self-realization of youth potential. This is an organizational form that is based on the historical experience of the state working with youth, the best traditions of the formation and development of social mechanisms for representing the legitimate interests and rights of young citizens in society, taking into account their opinions in matters of its development.
Taking into account the broad capabilities of Youth Parliaments as self-organizing systems and their support from representative and executive authorities, we can predict a high efficiency coefficient for creating a network of similar structures under executive and legislative authorities at various levels, since the forms of youth self-organizing systems currently represented in the Russian Federation meet all the requirements and characteristics of civil society, fill the niche for self-organization of youth left vacant after the collapse of the Komsomol and the Pioneers, and are an effective institution of self-government. Their further development will serve to strengthen democracy in the country and increase the social activity of young people.
The social effect of creating such structures is the formation of civil solidarity, the value of patriotism, a sense of responsibility for the result of a political decision, and recognition of one’s importance.
Youth parliamentary movement - This is an activity aimed at the formation and development of public consultative and advisory structures of youth at various levels of government: federal, regional and municipal.
In addition to vertical hierarchical connections, the youth parliamentary movement develops horizontal connections, which are often more effective. For example, in 2005, the task of creating the All-Russian Youth Parliamentary Union, initiated by a number of Youth Parliaments, became serious; the idea of creating mobile groups for the development of the youth parliamentary movement arose and was implemented. The Central Election Commission supported the initiative for the participation of Youth Parliaments in election campaigns and during elections.
Today it is obvious that the initiative to create legitimate representative bodies of youth is supported by both the authorities and young people.
The youth parliamentary movement, successfully developing in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, receiving support at the level of the state and at the level of society, has significantly surpassed the level of just an idea, has become an established fact and significant potential, requiring detailed study, further development and implementation in practical activities.
Chapter 2. Sociological analysis of the legislative activity of modern youth
§ 1. Participation of youth in rule-making activities through the creation of the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation
An important step in the development of youth parliamentarism in Russia was the creation of the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, which began work on October 28, 2002. This consultative and advisory structure was created to study the problems of youth in the Russian Federation, to assist the State Duma in the field of legislative regulation of the rights and legitimate interests of youth and was intended to ensure interaction between government bodies and young citizens.
The creation of the Public Youth Chamber demonstrated the interest of the legislative branch at the federal level in involving young people in the process of solving their own problems through the development of legislative initiative and the implementation of the constitutional right of young citizens to participate in and manage the affairs of the state.
The Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Russian Federation became the center for synchronizing the youth political process in the regions and at the federal level, uniting the efforts of young people to implement a unified youth policy in Russia, achieving equal conditions for the full development of youth in the regions and effectively solving youth problems.
The Public Youth Chamber participates in the development of state youth policy and the development of its bills. Its representatives act as experts, whose opinions are taken into account when forming the budget of the Russian Federation.
The first meeting of the Public Youth Chamber was attended by deputies of the State Duma, members of the Federation Council, representatives of legislative and executive authorities of 74 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, all-Russian and interregional youth public associations and youth parliaments. The outcome of the meeting was the election of governing and working bodies, the adoption of regulations and regulations on commissions, the formation of the composition of nine commissions, and the approval of a work plan for the near future and for the future. Commissions were created in the following areas of activity: regulations and legal issues; on labor, employment and youth entrepreneurship; By social protection and youth health; on budget and economics; on education and science; on culture, sports and leisure activities for youth; on issues of youth development and children's movement; on interethnic and interfaith problems among young people; on civic-patriotic and spiritual-moral education of youth. Participants in the first meeting of the Public Youth Chamber formulated recommendations and an appeal to youth organizations in Russia.
The Public Youth Chamber is called upon to perform the following functions: expertise of solutions- for this purpose, large expert groups are created that analyze the laws issued in the state; control over the bureaucracy, decision makers in the field of state and regional youth policy; consultative and advisory function - young parliamentarians look at all draft laws on youth policy that are discussed in the State Duma and in the regions of the country and issue their decisions on the draft laws. The Public Youth Chamber does not have the function of passing laws, it is not a parallel structure to the State Duma, it is an organization of public initiatives, but the solution to many youth problems depends on the Public Youth Chamber.
The Public Youth Chamber considered the following issues: “On the situation of youth in the Russian Federation”, “On the need to develop a draft basic Federal Law on Youth”, on the preparation of a draft Federal Law “On state support for young families in need of improved housing conditions” and addressed the Committee State Duma for Women, Family and Youth Affairs with a proposal to submit for discussion the draft Federal Law “On state support for young families in the housing sector.”
In particular, the opinion was expressed about the need to create regional Youth Parliaments similar to those already existing in some constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
The Public Youth Chamber initiated the All-Russian meeting of heads of youth affairs bodies in Moscow with the participation of the Minister of Education. The results of the activities of the Public Youth Chamber for 2002 were summed up at the meeting.
On April 21-22, 2003, 132 representatives from the legislative and executive authorities and regional parliamentary structures took part in a meeting of the Public Youth Chamber in Moscow.
The report of the Chairman of the Public Youth Chamber “Development of youth parliamentarism in the Russian Federation” was discussed, where the state of involving youth in political activities was analyzed and important social problems of youth were considered.
On May 31, 2004, the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Russian Federation was created commission for the development of youth parliamentarism. The purpose of her work was to generalize the experience of developing youth parliamentarism in the Russian Federation and to search for effective forms of development of this movement at the federal, regional and municipal levels. The main tasks of the commission include:
interregional interaction of youth parliamentary structures between themselves and the Public Youth Chamber (joint actions, working meetings, etc.)
stimulating the process of activity of youth parliamentary structures of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of development of normative legal acts;
expert assessment of the state and prospects of youth parliamentarism both at the level of the Russian Federation and at the level of its individual subjects;
creation of a unified information space (content-rich website and its methodological support);
support for regions where there are difficulties in creating and functioning of youth parliamentary structures (for example, through the work of mobile groups);
establishing cooperation with similar youth parliamentary structures and associations in other countries;
interaction with state, public and commercial structures that could potentially be interested in the development of youth parliamentarism and can actually contribute to this;
informing the legislative and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation about the plans and activities of the commission.
At the meeting, issues of the development of youth parliamentarism in Russia, proposals for financing state youth policy in 2004 were discussed. The focus was on the Concept of the draft federal “Law on Youth”.
In addition, the meeting participants adopted recommendations to the President and Government of the Russian Federation on accelerating the consideration of the State Youth Policy Doctrine at a meeting of the State Council, on discussing the role of the state in shaping the morality and patriotism of the younger generation of Russians, and on increasing funding for a number of federal youth programs.
An important component of ensuring the creation and organization of the activities of Youth Parliaments in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are advisory groups, the creation of which is designed to promote the spread of the youth parliamentary movement, provide it with additional support, and overcome the difficulties of establishing and developing Youth Parliaments. Advisory groups are created on the basis of existing Youth Parliaments with successful experience.
The scope of their activity is the creation of new Youth Parliaments in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; optimization, increasing the efficiency of the existing Youth Parliaments.
The advisory group consists of two parts: mobile and stationary. The mobile part of the advisory group is responsible for conducting orientation seminars, consultations, information collection, and training work in a specific subject of the Russian Federation where Youth Parliaments are being created or are already operating. The stationary part of the group is responsible for analyzing information, preparing trainings, information and statistical materials, communicating with each Youth Parliament of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, and organizing information exchange.
The stationary part of the advisory group collects information, forms an initial assessment of the needs of young people, the need for the creation of a Youth Parliament, determines the potential place of the Youth Parliament in the system of branches of government, the optimal form of the Youth Parliament, and conducts an on-site orientation seminar. Based on the results of the inception seminar, a long-term plan for the development of the Youth Parliament in the region is being developed, indicating potential opportunities and difficulties that must be overcome.
The interaction between the stationary and mobile parts of the advisory group is to prepare a set of trainings based on an application from a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, develop a program for the development of the Youth Parliament in a given constituent entity of the Russian Federation, then organize and conduct an orientation seminar in the region. All this contributes to the emergence, formation and professional growth of all members of the Youth Parliament.
The initiative of the first advisory group belongs to the Youth Parliament of the Novosibirsk region. It was supported by the Department for Youth Policy of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the Committee on Youth Affairs of the Administration of the Novosibirsk Region. 1
The Association of Children's and Youth Public Associations of the Ryazan Region "Youth Council" received the status of a supporting experimental platform for the development of the youth parliamentary movement in the Russian Federation. This allowed the organizers to create conditions for the effective realization of the potential of young people in the process of socio-economic transformations in the country.
Based on the results of the competition of the federal target program “Youth of Russia 2001-2005.” in 2004, the Kaliningrad, Ryazan and Novosibirsk regions became the reference experimental sites.
In order to develop the social component of the state youth policy, effectively involve young people in its implementation, form the active civic position of a young man, and his social maturity, in February 2003, a visiting Council of the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation was held in Samara. At the meetings of the Council of the Public Youth Chamber the following issues were considered: On the situation of youth in Russia; On the bill on state support for young families in need of improved housing conditions; On the concept of the draft Federal Law “On Youth”; On the concept of work of the commission of the Public Youth Chamber; On preparation for the meeting of the Public Youth Chamber and on bills submitted for consideration to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and subject to public youth examination.
The Council of the Public Youth Chamber took part in a federal video marathon on the problems of legal protection of children. Based on the results of each meeting of the Council of the Public Youth Chamber, press releases were prepared and sent to local and federal media.
Mobile meetings were introduced into the practice of the Public Youth Chamber to intensify the youth parliamentary movement in the regions of the country. The merit of the Public Youth Chamber under the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation was the organization of All-Russian seminars on the main directions of State youth policy. This practice gave impetus to the development of youth policy in the regions, drew attention to the activities of the Public Youth Chamber and to the implementation of regional youth policy.
Youth Parliament: needed! or needed?
Why is a Youth Parliament needed? This question is asked especially often on the eve of the elections of its deputies. However, the answer lies on the surface.
Today, among young people there are many who are sure that there is no power, and it is impossible to reach the “top”. However, today young people have the opportunity to change the situation in better side, because Youth Parliaments of different levels have been created. These parliaments are not appointed by order; people between 14 and 35 years old are elected to them by voting.
The main task of the Youth Parliament at any level is to improve the quality of life of the younger generation. Despite the lack of authority to introduce legislative initiatives, deputies of youth parliaments must be (I would like to say - are) mediators between their generation and the institutions of state power, and therefore they need to understand the problems of their generation, develop effective solutions during the discussion and convey them to the representative and the executive branch.
Such obligations are also borne by the Youth Parliament of the Sverdlovsk Region, which was created on the initiative of youth, Election Commission Sverdlovsk region, members of the Public Youth Chamber at Regional Duma Legislative Assembly of the Sverdlovsk region, as well as representatives of youth parliamentary structures in municipalities.
- Youth Parliaments are a launching pad for preparing young people for full participation in political processes,” emphasized Valery Chainikov, Chairman of the Election Commission of the Sverdlovsk Region. – And everything that a young parliamentarian learns himself must convey to his peers. Among young people there is freer and more open communication, free from bureaucracy and other formalities. I am absolutely convinced that a member of the youth parliament can build a constructive dialogue with his peer, as he will speak to him in a language that both of them understand. This will certainly help solve current problems.
Elections of deputies to the Youth Parliament of the second convocation took place on December 6, 2013. Based on the voting results, 50 people aged from 14 to 30 years old were elected in 26 municipalities. The term of office is 2 years. 25 deputies were elected in 23 majoritarian districts on the territory of the Sverdlovsk region, the remaining 25 were elected in single electoral districts in Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Tagil according to the lists of political parties and public associations. Such elections can be called unique not only for the Sverdlovsk region and the Ural Federal District, but also for Russia as a whole, because units of parliamentary structures in the constituent entities of the country were elected in a similar way.
According to the Election Commission of the Sverdlovsk Region, today more than 1/3 of the deputies of the previous convocation continue to work in the political environment, and, in our opinion, this is a very high figure.
Life, or rather the service of the Parliament of the second convocation, is filled with work. In April 2014, deputies of the Youth Parliament initiated a campaign to ban the retail sale of low-alcohol tonic drinks in the Sverdlovsk region. More than 5,000 signatures were collected from almost all electoral districts of the Sverdlovsk region. Mass public events were held in Kamensk-Uralsky, Nizhny Tagil and Yekaterinburg. The signatures, together with the accompanying letter, were transferred to the Governor of the Sverdlovsk Region and communicated to the Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex. In addition, the developed draft law “On the ban on the sale of low-alcohol alcoholic drinks in the Sverdlovsk Region” was submitted to the Committee on Agrarian Policy, Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Legislative Assembly of the Sverdlovsk Region. Unfortunately, as of March 20, 2015, this draft law had not been considered by deputies. The guys confirm: so far it has not been possible to establish effective interaction with higher authorities, but work in this direction is underway. Members of the Youth Parliament are confident that their opinions should be listened to, because they know what worries today’s youth and quickly find ways to eliminate problems.
Throughout the year, deputies actively took part in round tables and on thematic platforms of various forums in the Sverdlovsk region and the Ural Federal District, including “Seliger”, “Ural - Development Territory”, “Forum of Young Parliamentarians” Perm region", "The Second All-Russian Forum of Working Youth", "I am a Leader", the youth forum "TAVRIDA" in the Republic of Crimea, were involved in organizing and holding the Forum "Eurasia - 2014", etc. The list of events visited and organized is really large, but the goal of the young deputies - not to be exposed, but at least to attract as many young people as possible to the activities of parliament and to solving emerging issues. For the same purpose, as well as with the hope that the authorities will listen to the opinion of the younger generation, deputies of the Youth Parliament of the Sverdlovsk region organized and held a talk show “The Power of Words” on the topic “Family: yesterday, today, tomorrow”, and launched a project “10 problems of youth of municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region” and much more.
There are several Committees within the Youth Parliament:
· Committee on Infrastructure Development and Housing Policy, whose members throughout 2014 monitored payments for accommodation and monitored living conditions in student dormitories Yekaterinburg. The results of the work were transferred to the Governor of the Sverdlovsk Region, the Council of Rectors of the Sverdlovsk Region, and the Social Policy Committee of the Legislative Assembly. In addition, to assist in resolving issues arising on this topic, a student council of university dormitories was created under the Sverdlovsk Association of Trade Union Organizations of University Students.
· Committee on Agrarian Policy, Environmental Management and Protection environment, whose members, based on the results of participation in a round table dedicated to ensuring food security of the region in the sphere of circulation of food grain and its processed products, developed a number of recommendations to the Legislative Assembly of the Sverdlovsk Region and the regional Government.
· Committee on Regional Policy and Development of Local Self-Government. Members of the Committee, together with the relevant committee of the Legislative Assembly of the Sverdlovsk Region, carried out work to monitor the state of youth parliamentarism and the overall development of the youth self-government system in the Sverdlovsk Region. Based on the monitoring results, a register of 48 youth self-government bodies was compiled municipalities regions and election calendar ( competitive selections) in their compositions. In the process of work, direct contact was established with the leadership of a number of municipalities, an agreement was reached on the creation of new youth chambers (Nizhny Tagil, Sosva, Gari, Beloyarsky), and subsequently the Public Youth Chamber of the Garinsky Urban District was formed and the nomination of candidates for the first convocation of the Youth Chamber was initiated chambers of the Sosvinsky urban district. In addition, the Committee contributed to the reform of the election system and the resumption of the work of the Youth Public Chamber under the Yekaterinburg City Duma.
· Committee on Industrial, Innovation Policy and Entrepreneurship, whose members are currently developing a draft agreement on information cooperation in the field of labor protection with the Federation of Trade Unions of the Sverdlovsk Region, as well as a guide for aspiring entrepreneurs. In the near future, the Committee plans to submit for consideration by the Legislative Assembly of the Sverdlovsk Region a draft law “On establishing restrictions on the retail sale of non-alcoholic and alcoholic tonic drinks in the Sverdlovsk Region.”
· During the year, members of the social committee held over 30 cleanup days throughout the region, organized more than 79 different events and charity events (drawing competition, games dedicated to holidays, collection of stationery for orphanages...). The members of the Committee consider the creation of the youth organization “Sverdlovsk Regional Union of Councils of High School Students” and the Regional Trade Union Organization for Secondary School Students to be a strategic task.
· Members of the Committee on Legislation and Public Safety considered the regulatory legal acts of the Sverdlovsk region, which touch on issues of youth policy, studied the Federal Law “On the participation of citizens in the protection public order" Currently, a number of proposals are being prepared for the implementation of this law in the Sverdlovsk region.
· Members of the Committee on Budget, Finance and Taxes conducted an analysis of the employment of young specialists at enterprises in the cities of Nizhny Tagil and Nizhnyaya Salda, and continue to work on analyzing applications from large industrial enterprises and commercial organizations in the region to train specialists and compile an up-to-date database of vacancies for young specialists. A unified information base is being developed indicating programs and grants for youth participation.
These projects are only a small part of the work of the Committees, which operate both jointly and separately, implementing many programs.
As a result of the work of the Youth Parliaments, each representative of the younger generation should become a full-fledged political subject, capable of influencing political processes and forcing the state to work in their interests. If this goal is achieved, then Russia will reach a new level of development and everyone will be proud of their country.
- In addition, we consider the main task facing the deputies of the third convocation to be organizing the participation of youth of the Sverdlovsk region in election campaign 2016, increased turnout among young people at polling stations in the Sverdlovsk region, participation of young people as candidates for deputies at various levels,” noted Evgeny Strugov, Chairman of the Youth Parliament of the Sverdlovsk region.
